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Introduction: Home oxygen therapy is one of the few interventions that can improve survival in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) when administered appropriately, although it may cause side effects and be an unnecessary burden for some patients. Areas covered: This narrative review summarizes the current literature on the assessment of hypoxemia, different types of home oxy
Background: COPD management is guided by the respiratory symptom burden, assessed using the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale, the COPD Assessment Test (CAT), or both. Research Question: What are the abilities of mMRC and CAT to detect abnormally high exertional breathlessness on incremental cardiopulmonary cycle exercise testing (CPET) in people with COPD? Study Design and Methods: A
BACKGROUND: Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) improves survival in patients with chronic severe resting hypoxaemia, but effects on hospitalisation are unknown. This study evaluated the potential impact of starting LTOT on acute exacerbation and hospital burden in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), interstitial lung disease (ILD) and pulmonary hypertension (PH).METHODS: Longi
Background: Small-bore chest drains are now the most common drains for treating pleural effusion (PE), but knowledge on complications is limited especially in malignant PE and empyema. We aimed to evaluate rate of complications of ultrasound guided small bore chest drains [6–10 French (F)] by PE etiology. Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 484 chest drains inserted in 330 adults in a Swedish d
IntroductionThe implementation of welfare technologies in Swedish eldercare reflects ongoing sociotechnical transitions, which promise to optimise care practices and administrative processes. AimOur study explores how eldercare personnel interpret and ascribe meanings to welfare technologies in their everyday care work.Material and MethodsThe study draws on an empirical dataset comprising 181 phot
Modern well-insulated and highly glazed buildings experience increased overheating, even in cold climates. The study focused on external and internal passive solar shadings on a south-oriented façade, having predetermined that external and internal shadings’ main function is solar heat gain and glare protection, respectively. A daytime-occupied office space with several external shading geometry v
Additive manufacturing (AM), which was first applied for rapid prototyping, is now becoming a real option for small-batch production of final products. Further expansion of AM is closely correlated to production costs. AM can only become competitive to traditional manufacturing methods if a product is designed for AM already from the beginning as it is an expensive technology that should only be a
Lung cancer (LC) generally lacks unique core symptoms or signs. However, there are a multitude of bodily sensations that are often non-specific, not easily understood, and many times initially not recognized as indicative of LC by the affected person, which often leads to late diagnosis. In this international qualitative study, we inductively analyzed retrospective accounts of 61 people diagnosed
We demonstrate that exceptional points exist in fully transparent, optically "effectively" biaxial, anisotropic micro-cavities, fabricated using an uniaxial cavity material with its axis inclined to the Bragg mirror growth direction. This is similar to the existence of singular (optic) axes in absorbing biaxial crystals, but the lack of time reversal symmetry is mediated by the mode broadening, i.
In 2005 the Swedish Association of the Pharmaceutical Industry (LIF) initiated a national environmental classification and information system for pharmaceuticals. This investigation reports the results from a survey, conducted among the persons involved in the start-up process. The aim of this study is to generate knowledge contributing to the clarification of the motivations, expectations, and in
Background: Home oxygen therapy (HOT) improves survival in patients with hypoxaemic chronic respiratory disease. Most patients evaluated for HOT are former or active smokers. Oxygen accelerates combustion and smoking may increase the risk of burn injuries and fire hazards; therefore, it is considered a contraindication for HOT in many countries. However, there is variability in the practices and p
X-ray phase-contrast imaging by grating interferometry has in the past decades been established both at synchrotron radiation sources and at conventional x-ray tubes. Due to the sensitivity to x-ray phase shifting, contrast in soft tissue has been improved significantly and the possibilities to do virtual histology of tissue biopsies are being pioneered. Constraints in the design of a grating inte
This paper focuses on the intersection of social dynamics, knowledge production, and the implementation of identity features in robotic platforms. Concentrating on the concept of epistemic injustice, particularly in the context of trust, the study highlights the potential for justified distrust based on experienced injustice. The incorporation of social identity features, such as gender, signals g
Microbicides in the leather industries are employed to avoid the biodeterioration of the hides by microorganisms. This problem may lead to harmful characteristics to the end product such as stains, roughness and decrease mechanical properties of leather. Therefore, microbicides like the 2-(thiocyanomethylthio) benzothiazole (TMCTB) are applied in distinct steps of the tanning process as alternativ
Aim: The primary objective of this study was to describe demographics and end-of-life treatments of children with cancer at a government tertiary cancer center in India. Methods: A retrospective review was undertaken of medical charts of all children younger than 18 years, who died as inpatients while undergoing treatment at the pediatric oncology department between April and September 2016. Data
Quantitative evaluations are valuable in the strive for improvements and asserting quality. However, the field of Command & Control (C2) evaluations are hard to navigate, and it is difficult to find the correct measurement for a specific situation. A comprehensive Scoping Study was made concerning measurements of C2 performance and effectiveness. A lack of an existing appropriate framework for
