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The SIRPα-CD47 axis plays an important role in T cell recruitment to sites of immune reaction and inflammation but its role in T cell antigen priming is incompletely understood. Employing OTII TCR transgenic mice bred to Cd47-/- (Cd47KO) or SKI mice, a knock-in transgenic animal expressing non-signaling cytoplasmic-truncated SIRPα, we investigated how the SIRPα-CD47 axis contributes to antigen pri
A plethora of peptides are generated intracellularly, and most peptide-human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-I interactions are of a transient, unproductive nature. Without a quality control mechanism, the HLA-I system would be stressed by futile attempts to present peptides not sufficient for the stable peptide-HLA-I complex formation required for long term presentation. Tapasin is thought to be central
This study examines the motif of the Fallen World in Coleridge’s major poems The Ancient Mariner, Christabel and Kubla Khan . The use of Milton’s Paradise Lost as an intertextual foil throughout allows themes and metaphors inherent in the Fallen World motif to emerge in Coleridge’s poetry. A Fall presupposes a standard from which one has been separated downwards. Primarily, it is understood as man
Environmental factors, including viral infections, may explain an increasing and fluctuating incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes (T1D). Ljungan virus (LV) isolated from bank voles have been implicated, but it is unclear whether LV contributes to islet autoimmunity, progression to clinical onset, or both, of T1D. The aim was to test whether LV antibodies (LVAb) were related to HLA-DQ and islet a
Popular Abstract in Swedish Vårt immunsystem består av ett nätverk av olika sorters celler och molekyler, vars uppgift är att försvara oss mot patogener (sjukdomsalstrande organismer) som till exempel virus och bakterier, medan det samtidigt måste tolerera proteiner och ämnen som finns naturligt i vår kropp. Immunsystemet kan delas upp i två delar; det medfödda (eller ospecifika) och det adaptiva Mucosal tissues such as the intestine present an enormous surface area to the outside environment and are continually exposed to foreign antigens in food and microflora. Thus, the intestinal mucosa must must remain tolerant to these innocuous antigens while at same time be able to mount effective immune responses to pathogens. Intestinal dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages, found throughout the
The purpose of the paper is to apply system identification methods to study spatial and temporal propagation of atrial activation along coronary sinus (situated in the posterior left part of the heart, in the groove between left atrium and left ventricle) during paroxysmal atrial fibrillation using data recorded from 7 different patients. Furthermore, interatrial mechanisms of impulse conduction c
This paper presents a study with the intent to examine the opportunities provided by creating and using simulation models of software development processes. A model of one software development project was created through means of system dynamics, with data collected from documents, interviews and observations. The model was simulated in a commercial simulation tool. The simulation runs indicate th
Five students of a rescue training school cycled at 50 W for 20 minutes at 20 °C before walking up to 30 minutes in a climatic chamber at 55 °C and 30 % relative humidity. Four different types of clothing ensembles were used differing in terms of thickness and thermal insulation value were tested on separate days. All subjects completed 28-30 minutes in light clothing, but quitted after 20-27 minu
Autoantibodies to glutamate decarboxylase 65 (GAD65Ab) are commonly believed to be a major characteristic for type 1 diabetes (T1D). We investigated the presence of GAD65Ab in healthy individuals (n = 238) and first-degree relatives (FDRs) of T1D patients (n = 27) who tested negative for GAD65Ab in conventional RIAs. Sera were applied to affinity columns coated with GAD65-specific mAbs to absorb a
Bikunin is a Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitor, which is cross-linked to heavy chains via a chondroitin sulfate chain, forming inter-alpha-inhibitor and related molecules. Rat bikunin was produced by baculovirus-infected insect cells. The protein could be purified with a total yield of 20 mg/liter medium. Unlike naturally occuring bikunin the recombinant protein had no galactosaminoglycan chain. En
Bacteria-controlled regulation of host responses to infection is an important virulence mechanism that has been demonstrated to contribute to disease progression. Here we report that the human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes employs the procarboxypeptidase TAR (thrombin-activatablefibrinolysis inhibitor) to modulate the kallikrein/kinin system. To this end, bacteria initiate a chain of events star
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily affecting cartilaginous joints but also extra-articular tissues such as the nose and upper respiratory tract. We have investigated extra-articular cartilage involvement in two commonly used animal models for RA, collagen-induced and pristane-induced arthritis, by immunizing rats with different susceptibility to disease (LEW.1 A,
HIV particles that use the chemokine receptor CXCR4 as a coreceptor for entry into cells (X4-HIV) inefficiently transmit infection across mucosal surfaces [1], despite their presence in seminal fluid and mucosal secretions from infected individuals [2] [3] [4]. In addition, although intestinal lymphocytes are susceptible to infection with either X4-HIV particles or particles that use the chemokine
Complement is an essential part of the innate immune system, which clears pathogens without requirement for previous exposure, although it also greatly enhances the efficacy and response of the cellular and humoral immune systems. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the most recently identified human herpesvirus and the likely aetiological agent of Kaposi's sarcoma, primary effusion
This thesis, which is based on five original papers, covers different aspects of antibody specificity and diversity, with the overall goal to understand the makeup of antibody repertoires and their functionality as they occur in vivo or as they are developed in the laboratory. Besides their importance in the adaptive immune response, antibodies have emerged as an invaluable tool in applications r
This dissertation is a study of the Christian thematics in the novels of Christine Falkenland. It has two basic aims. First, to demonstrate how Christine Falkenland writes herself into, and becomes a distinct voice in, a Christian literary tradition, while simultaneously breaking with this tradition by staging and portraying modern people’s questioning of the Christian worldview. Second, to uncove
The aim of this study was to assess the ability of different mouse diets to sustain an H. pylori infection in BALB/cA mice. Four commercially available mouse diets were compared. Experiment 1: Mice were fed the four diets for seven days before infection, infected three times at two-day intervals with 0.1 ml of 10(9) colony-forming units/ml H. pylori cells. H. pylori strains (n = 4) were cultured o
The main purpose of this dissertation is to see how proponents of diaconia justified the establishment of three Swedish diaconal institutions: Diaconissanstalten 1851 (The Institution for Deaconesses, Stockholm, now Ersta diakonissällskap/Ersta Association for Diaconal Work), Stockholms Stadsmission 1853 (The Stockholm City Mission) and Svenska Diakonanstalten 1898 (The Swedish institution for Dea
BACKGROUND. Serum response factor (SRF) is an important transcription factor in castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Since CRPC is associated with androgen receptor (AR) hypersensitivity, we investigated the relationship between SRF and AR. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Transcriptional activity was assessed by luciferase assay. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT and flow cytometry. Protein expr
Streptococcus pyogenes is an important human pathogen that causes a variety of diseases including life-threatening invasive diseases, such as toxic shock and deep tissue infections. Although S. pyogenes are classically considered extracellular pathogens, a clinical significance of an intracellular source has been emphasized. In patients with deep tissue infections, an intracellular reservoir of S.
