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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by a chronic inflammation in conducting airways and the alveolar parenchyma. The inflammation, which is a consequence of inhalation of noxious gases like tobacco smoke, has traditionally been thought to be driven by innate immune responses. However, more recent studies have revealed an increase in lymphocyte-rich lymphoid aggregates (LA

New basis sets of the atomic natural orbital (ANO) type have been developed for the main group and rare gas atoms. The ANO's have been obtained from the average density matrix of the ground and lowest excited states of the atom, the positive and negative ions, and the dimer at its equilibrium geometry. Scalar relativistic effects are included through the use of a Douglas-Kroll Hamiltonian. Multico

The mechanism of templated synthesis of ordered mesoporous alumina according to the recipe proposed by Yada et al. (Yada, M.; Machida, M.; Kijima, T. Chem. Commun. 1996, 769) using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as template, has been investigated by NMR self-diffusion and spin and fluorescence probe techniques. In the precursor solutions urea was found to produce a substantial shortening of the long

This thesis is an empirical study of how positioning is achieved in interactional Swedish. Positioning has previously been described in terms of epistemic modality, interpersonal positioning, stanceand speech act adverbials. The aims of the study are, firstly, to identify what linguistic resources are used to achieve positioning in interaction. A second aim is to describe where in the turn-con

The thermal decomposition of 1,2-dioxetane and the associated production of chemiluminescent products, model for a wide range of chemiluminescent reactions, has been studied at the multistate multiconfigurational second-order perturbation level of theory. This study is in qualitative and quantitative agreement with experimental observations with respect to the activation energy and the observed in

The topography of the antigen-binding site as well as the number and the positioning of the antigen contact residues are strongly correlated with the size of the antigen with which the antibody interacts. On the basis of these considerations, we have designed a focused scFv repertoire biased for haptens, designated the cavity library. The hapten-specific scFv, FITC8, was used as a scaffold for lib

This paper demonstrates the potential of asymmetrical flow field flow fractionation coupled with online multi-angle light scattering, differential refractive index and UV detection for the fractionation and analysis of macromolecules in beer regarding their composition, molar mass (M) and relative concentration. The macromolecules in the liquid and foam of two types of beer, light lager and porter

We used in vivo amperometry to monitor changes in synaptic dopamine (DA) release in the striatum induced by overexpression of human wild-type α-synuclein in nigral DA neurons, induced by injection of an adeno-associated virus type 6 (AAV6)-α-synuclein vector unilaterally into the substantia nigra in adult rats. Impairments in DA release evolved in parallel with the development of degenerative chan

OBJECTIVE: To compare the differences in standing balance and gait performance between two populations, correlated with age and physical activities of daily living. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. SETTINGS: Malmo, the third largest city in Sweden, and Sjobo, a typical agricultural community 60 km east of Malmo. PARTICIPANTS: Participants were 570 men and women from the urban community (urban) and

Pattern recognition is an integral part of the innate immune system. The human contact system has been shown to interact with the surface of many bacterial and fungal pathogens, and once activated leads to the generation of antimicrobial peptides and the proinflammatory mediator bradykinin. Here we show that apart from these surfaces also neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) provide a surface tha

In adult mice, the VpreB genes are expressed in bone marrow progenitor (pro-) and precursor (pre-) B cells. As part of the pre-B cell receptor, the proteins are crucial for the proliferation of these cells and consequently normal B lymphocyte development. Using cell lines, we identified a lineage- and developmental-stage-specific VpreB1 enhancer. Here, we analyze its specificity in vivo by generat

Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy types 2E and F are characterized by skeletal muscle weakness and often cardiomyopathy and are due to mutations in the genes encoding beta- and delta-sarcoglycan. We previously demonstrated that loss of sarcoglycans in smooth muscle leads to constrictions of the microvasculature that contributes to the cardiac phenotype. It is unclear how vasculature abnormalities aff

Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative spiral-shaped bacterium that colonizes the human stomach and causes gastric inflammation, gastric and duodenal peptic ulcers, gastric cancer and MALT-lymphoma. A novel guinea pig model of H. pylori infection was developed. Infection was induced by oral inoculation and was confirmed by cultivation from the stomach mucosa. The infection led to severe gastric in

The composition of the labour force is an important economic factor for a country. Often the changes in proportions of different groups are of interest. In this paper we study a monthly compositional time series from the Swedish Labour Force Survey from 1994 to 2005. Three models are studied: the ILR-transformed series, the ILR-transformation of the compositional differenced series of order 1, and