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We show how a difference in the correlation length longitudinally and transversely, with respect to the jet axis in e+e− annihilation, arises naturally in a model for Bose-Einstein correlations based on the Lund string model. In genuine three-particle correlations the difference is even more apparent and they provide therefore a good probe for the longitudinal stretching of the string field. The c

An annotated translation, with an editorial introduction, of Mao Zedong's opening remarks, Zhou Enlai's speech, and Lin Biao's impromptu remarks on 14 April 1969 at the Ninth National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party

Four different oligosaccharides were isolated from faeces collected from a blood group A, secretor, breast-fed infant. Three of these, GalNAc alpha 1-3[Fuc alpha 1-2]Gal beta 1-4Glc (A-tetrasaccharide), GalNAc alpha 1-3[Fuc alpha 1-2]Gal beta 1-4[Fuc alpha 1-3]Glc (A-pentasaccharide) and 1-3[Fuc alpha 1-4]GlcNAc beta 1-3Gal beta 1-4Glc (A-heptasaccharide) have previously found in urine, whereas Ga

We present a method for the classification of all weak travelling-wave solutions for some dispersive nonlinear wave equations. When applied to the Camassa-Holm or the Degasperis-Procesi equation, the approach shows the existence of not only smooth, peaked and cusped travelling-wave solutions, but also more exotic solutions with fractal-like wave profiles.

Apoptosis is characterized by a lack of inflammatory reaction in surrounding tissues, suggesting local control of complement activation. During the initial stage of apoptosis, cells expose negatively charged phospholipid phosphatidylserine on their surfaces. The vitamin K-dependent protein S has a high affinity for this type of phospholipid. In human plasma, 60-70% of protein S circulates in compl

The lysozyme-sodium dodecyl sulfate-water system features several interesting aggregation phenomena and is also of interest as it constitutes a model system for mixtures of a charged colloid with an oppositely charged surfactant, as both colloid and surfactant are pure and monodisperse compounds. The structure of such mixed protein - surfactant systems has been investigated by means of SANS contra

Abstract in UndeterminedThis paper examines vowel production in Swedish adolescents with cochlear implants. Twelve adolescents with cochlear implants and 11 adolescents with normal hearing participated. Measurements were made of the first and second formants in all the nine long Swedish vowels. The values in hertz were bark-transformed, and two measures of the size of the vowel space were obtained

We have used combined quantum mechanical and molecular mechanical free-energy perturbation methods in combination with explicit solvent simulations to study the reaction mechanism of the multicopper oxidases, in particular, the regeneration of the reduced state from the native intermediate. For 52 putative states of the trinuclear copper cluster, differing in the oxidation states of the copper ion

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are small DNA tumour viruses that are present in more than 99% of all cervical cancers. The ability of these viruses to cause disease is partly attributed to the strict coordination of viral gene expression with the differentiation stage of the infected cell. HPV gene expression is regulated temporally at the level of RNA splicing and polyadenylation, and a dysregulat

The effects of carbon dioxide, sodium chloride, and sodium nitrite on type B botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT/B) gene (cntB) expression in nonproteolytic Clostridium botulinum were investigated in a tryptone-peptone-yeast extract (TPY) medium. Various concentrations of these selected food preservatives were studied by using a complete factorial design in order to quantitatively study interaction effects

The phase behavior of ternary mixtures containing an alkyltrimethylammonium polyacrylate complex salt, water, and a nonpolar "oil" (n-decanol, p-xylene or cyclohexane) is investigated. The complex salts were prepared with short or long polyacrylates (30 or 6000 repeating units) and with hexadecyltrimethylammonium or dodecyltrimethylammonium surfactant ions. Phase diagrams and structures were deter

The structures of the hydrated thallium(III) halide and pseudohalide complexes, [TlX(n)(OH2)(m)]((3-n)+), X = Cl, Br, CN, in aqueous solution have been studied by a combination of X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS), large-angle X-ray scattering (LAXS), and vibrational spectroscopic (Raman and IR) techniques including far-infrared studies of aqueous solutions and some solid phases

The opening article of this issue is intended to provide a review of some relevant topics of the mathematical theory of water waves that have recently received considerable attention in the research literature. We also provide a brief discussion about the content and contribution of the articles that make up this issue.

To identify Escherichia coli genes potentially regulated by filamentous phage infection, we used oligonucleotide microarrays. Genome-wide comparison of phage M13-infected and uninfected E. coli, 2 and 20 min after infection, was performed. The analysis revealed altered transcription levels of 12 E. coli genes in response to phage infection, and the observed regulation of phage genes correlated wit

The interactions of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) with chemically cross-linked gels of ethyl(hydroxyethyl) cellulose (EHEC) were studied. Above the so-called critical association concentration (cac), binding of SDS gives rise to an increased swelling of the EHEC gels. The binding of SDS to the gels was measured with flame emission analysis of the sodium ion. The self-diffusion of the surfactant ion

Isotropic and anisotropic ESR spectra were observed for the radical anions of hexafluorocyclobutene (c-C4F6-), octafluorocyclopentene (c-C5F8-) and perfluoro-2-butene (CF3CFCFCF3-) in γ-irradiated plastically crystalline neopentane, tetramethylsilane (TMS) and TMS-d12 matrices, or the rigid 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (MTHF) matrix. The isotropic spectra of c-C4F6- and c-C5F8- are characterized by thr