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Peptide antibiotics are widespread in nature and, by providing a rapid first line of defense, may be key players in the innate immune system. Although epithelia are the main barriers shielding the internal environment from microorganisms, the role for peptide antibiotics in epithelial protection is unclear. We recently reported that the human cationic antimicrobial protein hCAP18, the precursor of

Maturation of lymphoid cells is controlled by the action of stage and lineage-restricted transcription factors working in concert with the general transcription and chromatin remodeling machinery to regulate gene expression. To better understand this functional interplay, we used Biotin Identification in human embryonic kidney cells to identify proximity interaction partners for GATA3, TCF7 (TCF1)

Aims/Introduction: Given that mutations related to maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) are rarely found in Chinese populations, we aim to characterize the mutation spectrum of MODY pedigrees. Materials and Methods: Maturity-onset diabetes of the young candidate gene- or exome-targeted capture sequencing was carried out in 76 probands from unrelated families fulfilling the clinical diagnost

Monoclonal antibodies ofatumumab (anti-CD20) and alemtuzumab (anti-CD52) which are approved for usage in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), efficiently activate the classical complement pathway. However complement is an exhaustible component and high doses of its activators may deplete complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) potential, thus reducing the effect of repeated mAb dosing

We use Gaia DR2 astrometric and line-of-sight velocity information combined with two sets of distances obtained with a Bayesian inference method to study the 3D velocity distribution in the Milky Way disc. We search for variations in all Galactocentric cylindrical velocity components (Vφ, VR, and Vz) with Galactic radius, azimuth, and distance from the disc mid-plane. We confirm recent work showin

A method is presented that combines advanced experimental and numerical techniques in the determination of constitutive parameters. The general principle is that a specimen, producing a non-homogeneous stress state, is deformed rapidly. Load and deformation is recorded during the deformation and the event is also simulated using FEM. For the numerical calculation a set of constitutive parameters i

Popular Abstract in Swedish Tryptofan (TRP) är en s.k. essentiell aminosyra d.v.s. den kan inte syntetiseras av kroppen utan måste intas med födan. TRP ingår bl.a. som byggsten i kroppens proteiner men TRP används även som substrat för bildningen av signalsubstansen serotonin (även kallad 5-hydroxytryptamin; 5-HT). Dessutom kan TRP användas för bildningen av de för kroppen livsviktiga molekylerna In the present study, L-tryptophan (TRP)-related disturbances in the brain in experimental hepatic encephalopathy (HE) were investigated. The endogenous NMDA-receptor agonist and L-TRP metabolite quinolinic acid (QUIN) has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of HE. We were, however, unable to detect any increases in QUIN levels in rats subjected to a chronic portacaval shunt (PCS) ei

For years tools and techniques such as Brainstorming, Mind-Maps and Rich Pictures have been used in both academic and professional practices to assist people with making sense of complex problem spaces. These tools have their supporters and in many cases their uses can be argued to be interchangeable. Seldom however have they been systematically applied in combination in theory or practice. Even t

The complement system plays an important role in eliminating invading pathogens. Activation of complement results in C3b deposition (opsonization), phagocytosis, anaphylatoxin (C3a, C5a) release, and consequently cell lysis. Moraxella catarrhalis is a human respiratory pathogen commonly found in children with otitis media and in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The species has ev

The transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta superfamily of growth factors, including the TGF-betas, activins, and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), provide cells with a broad spectrum of regulatory signals through the intracellular Smad pathway. Since loss-of-function studies of a majority of the TGF-beta superfamily members result in embryonic lethality, much of our current knowledge of the TGF-b

One of the major roles of seminal plasma is to provide antimicrobial protection for the spermatozoa in the female reproductive tract. We found that the bactericidal activity of seminal plasma was highest after resolution of the seminal clot and that this antibacterial activity subsequently became greatly diminished. The antibacterial activity was derived from peptides generated by fragmentation of

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Autoantibodies against the zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8A) are common in type 1 diabetes (T1D). ZnT8A analyses are complicated by the fact that there are three variants of the autoantigen at amino acid position 325 representing ZnT8-R (Arginine), ZnT8-W (Tryptophan) and ZnT8-Q (Glutamin). The aims of the study were: 1) to develop an autoantigen triple mix Radio-Binding Assay (RBA)

Aims To investigate vibrotactile sense (large fibre neuropathy) at different frequencies in index and little fingers (median and ulnar nerves, respectively) of subjects with diabetes, or impaired (IGT) or normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Methods Vibration thresholds (tactilometry at seven frequencies (8, 16, 32, 64, 125, 250 and 500 Hz)) and median nerve function (electrophysiology) were examined i

With an ever increasing need for assessment of neurophysiological activity in connection with injury and basic research, the demand for an efficient and reliable data acquisition system rises. Brain-machine interfaces is one class of such systems that targets the central nervous system. A necessary step in the development of a brain-machine interface is to design and implement a reliable and effic

In this study we have elucidated the effects of allergen-specific antibodies on human DCs and T-cells. Monocyte-derived DCs from allergic patients were exposed to Phlp 5 alone or in complex with Phlp 5-specific human IgG1, IgG4 or IgE and further co-cultured with autologous memory CD4+ T-cells. We demonstrate that DCs treated with Phlp 5/IgE-complexes secrete higher levels of IL-1a, IL-6, VEGF and

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen är en historisk-komparativ analys av en konflikt som har uppstått i Miskito's ekonomiska system under 1900-talet avseende exploateringen av kommunalt ägda resurser. Studien är baserad på empiriskt material insamlat i en Miskito/Creole by på Atlantkusten i Nicaragua på 1990-talet. Under den s k enklavperioden (1860-1960) tjänade Miskito män pengar som lönearThis dissertation is a historical-comparative analysis of a conflict that has developed in the economic system of the Miskito in the 20th century, concerning the use of common property resources. The study is based on empirical material collected in a Miskito/Creole village on the Atlantic Coast of Nicaragua in the 1990s. During the enclave period (1860-1960) Miskito men earned money as wage labou

Immuno-supported liquid membrane (immuno-SLM) extraction is a new technique that makes use of antibody (Ab)–antigen interactions as the "extraction force" to drive the mass transfer in a selective way. In immuno-SLM, anti-analyte (Ag) Abs are introduced into the acceptor phase of the SLM unit to trap the Ag that passes from the flowing donor through the SLM into the stagnant acceptor. The amount o