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Aim The controls of gross radiation use efficiency (RUE), the ratio between gross primary productivity (GPP) and the radiation intercepted by terrestrial vegetation, and its spatial and temporal variation are not yet fully understood. Our objectives were to analyse and synthesize the spatial variability of GPP and the spatial and temporal variability of RUE and its climatic controls for a wide ran
Popular Abstract in Swedish Med utgångspunkt i elevers väljande till gymnasieskolan har denna studie fokuserat på hur eleverna upplever detta val och med särskild betoning på samtalen mellan skolans syokon-sulenter (studie- och yrkesvägledare) och elever. Åtta elever har valts ut och samtliga deras samtal i årskurs nio med vägledare (4 stycken) har videoinspelats och analyserats. Dessutom har elevThe main purpose of this study is to highlight the counselling interview in connection with the choice of upper secondary school from three perspectives, the student's, the counsellor's and society's. The intention is to describe and analyse the counselling interview in the ninth grade with relation to: · the student's expectations, perceptions and values before and after the interviews, · the co
1. Salmeterol is a potent, selective and long acting beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist. In vitro, salmeterol exerts 'reassertion' relaxation of airways smooth muscle. Reassertion relaxation refers to the capacity of salmeterol to cause repeated functional antagonism of induced contraction when airway smooth muscle is intermittently exposed to, then washed free from, beta-adrenoceptor antagonists such as
A disturbed proprioception has been described in patients with an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficient knee. The relation to demographic data and to different commonly associated anatomical lesions, as well as to subjective knee function, was prospectively studied in 16 consecutive patients after an acute knee ligament injury. All patients had a complete rupture of the ACL, but variable asso
To compare the changes in microvascular blood flow in the small intestinal wall, wound contraction and fluid evacuation, using the established V.A.C. abdominal dressing (VAC dressing) and a new abdominal dressing, the ABThera open abdomen negative pressure therapy system (ABThera dressing), in negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT). Midline incisions were made in 12 pigs, which were subjected to t
In models of plant volatile isoprenoid emissions, the instantaneous compound emission rate typically scales with the plant's emission potential under specified environmental conditions, also called as the emission factor, ES. In the most widely employed plant isoprenoid emission models, the algorithms developed by Guenther and colleagues (1991, 1993), instantaneous variation of the steady-state em
Popular Abstract in Swedish I Sverige betonas idag alltmer det hälsofrämjande arbetet riktat mot barn, ungdomar och deras föräldrar. Olika föräldrastödsaktiviteter erbjuds. Det behövs ökad kunskap om varför vissa aktiviteter fungerar bättre än andra. Det är även viktigt att känna till föräldrarnas motiv för att deltaga och upplevelser av stödaktiviteten. Syftet med denna avhandling var att belysa In today's Swedish society there is increasing emphasis on health-promotive work among children, adolescents, and their parents. Knowledge is needed about why certain activities work better than others. It is important to study the parents' motives and experiences of participating in parental supporting programmes. In child health care, mostly among the nurses, there is a contrast between what th
Background: Avoidable mortality is considered as a potential indicator of the influences of public health policies and healthcare quality on population health. This study aimed to examine the trend in avoidable mortality and its influence on rising life expectancy (LE) and declining gender gap in LE (GGLE) in Sweden. Methods: We extracted data on causes of death by age, sex, and year from nationa
Popular Abstract in Swedish Många forskningsprojekt inom materialvetenskap, medicin eller grundläggande fysik kräver smala strålar av laddade partiklar som fungerar som provtagare för att undersöka materiens egenskaper. Dessa partiklar kan vara protoner, elektroner lättare joner. Relativt ofta, behöver de accelereras nästan upp till ljusets hastighet för att kunna tränga in tillräckligt djupt i prLaser-driven particle acceleration makes use of sub-picosecond, pulsed, high-power laser systems, capable of producing intensities ~10^{19} W/cm^2 at the laser focus to form plasmas, and use ultra-relativistic and nonlinear dynamics to produce quasistatic acceleration fields. This allows electrons to be accelerated to ~100 MeV over sub-centimetre distances, while protons may be accelerated to the
This thesis is divided into two parts. Part one contains a general description of the flexographic printingtechnique. Part two contains a more detailed investigation in the areas substrate, inktransfer and trends, which are only briefly commented in part one, and conclusions and comments. The major problem concerning substrate is washboard. This phenomena can be limited if one can control and min
Traditional agricultural or eco-hydrological models usually ignore soil deformation and its impact on hydrothermal properties when simulating soil water, heat, and salt transport under freeze–thaw conditions. As a result, significant errors may occur when these models are used in areas with considerable frost heave, such as arid areas with shallow groundwater tables. In this study, the simultaneou
Study region: In the Yangtze River basin of China. Study focus: We applied a recently popular deep learning (DL) algorithm, Transformer (TSF), and two commonly used DL methods, Long-Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), to evaluate the performance of TSF in predicting runoff in the Yangtze River basin. We also add the main structure of TSF, Self-Attention (SA), to the LSTM and G
This study, for the first time, assesses the impact of critical environmental factors on groundwater using Bayesian network (BN) integrated with analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and develops a groundwater vulnerability map. The considered environmental factors are divided into the following categories: physical (rainfall, temperature (Tmax/Tmin), relative humidity (RHmax/RHmin)), water use and d
Shelterbelts (or windbreaks) can effectively improve the microclimate and soil conditions of adjacent farmland and thus increase crop yield. However, the individual contribution of these two factors to yield changes is still unclear since the short-term effect from the microclimate and the accumulated effect from the soil jointly affect crop yield. The latter (soil effect) is supposed to remain af
The ability of state-of-the-art regional climate models (RCMs) to simulate the trends of intense cyclone activity in the Arctic is assessed based on an ensemble of 13 simulations from 11 models from the Arctic-CORDEX initiative. Some models employ large-scale spectral nudging techniques. Cyclone characteristics simulated by the ensemble in winter and summer are compared with the results from four
Choice blindness is a cognitive phenomenon describing that when people receive false feedback about a choice they just made, they often accept the outcome as their own. Little is known about what predisposes people to correct manipulations they are subjected to in choice blindness studies. In this study, 118 participants answered a political attitude survey and were then asked to explain some of t
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate differences in clinical appearance and survival rates in patients operated on for adenocarcinoma in the distal esophagus with and without Barrett epithelium.DESIGN: Prospective clinical study.SETTING: University hospital, Sweden.PATIENTS: Fifty-four patients with adenocarcinoma in the distal esophagus with (n = 17) or without (n = 37) Barrett epithelium.INTERVENTION: Esophag
Extreme winter events that damage vegetation are considered an important climatic cause of arctic browning - a reversal of the greening trend of the region - and possibly reduce the carbon uptake of northern ecosystems. Confirmation of a reduction in CO2 uptake due to winter damage, however, remains elusive due to a lack of flux measurements from affected ecosystems. In this study, we report eddy
