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Popular Abstract in Swedish Urinvägsinfektioner är en av våra vanligaste infektionssjukdommar. De orsakas främst av den Gramnegativa bakterien Escherishia coli. Normalt hålls urinvägarna sterila av ett effektivt försvar med utsöndring av antimikrobiella faktorer i urinen, men även urinflödet i sig är en viktig faktor i försvaret mot infektioner. Vissa bakterier klarar dock att etablera sig trots dIn this thesis we have used P fimbriated E. coli as a model to investigate the mechanisms of bacterial recognition and cell activation by the urinary tract (UT) epithelium. We show that Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) is crucial for the recognition and host response to P fimbriated E. coli. This response was independent of LPS and did not require CD14. TLR4 was abundant on epithelial cells throughout

During my thirty years in the academic field I have always been interested in biographical studies. The focus has been on significant experiences in the individual’s life, so-called turning points, peak experiences or other decisive and unforgettable moments. Was there a crisis of some kind? And, if this is the case,how did the person in question cope with this low point in his or her life? I lear

Examination och utvärdering av doktorander innefattar, som all handledningen (Lauvås & Handal, 2001, s. 347-351), bortsett från den summativa examinationen (disputationen, tentamina etc.) en ständigt pågående återkopplande, formativ examination. Den senare har större möjligheten att hjälpa studenten att nå målen då den kan påverka utbildningsprocessen och lyfta studenten till den nivå som kräv

The Florentine Consulte e Pratiche is the oldest recorded series of speech-by-speech policy discussion by political elites in European history, over one hundred and fifty years in length. This article is the first of an extended two-article sequence on political discussion in the Consulte e Pratiche, during the 1376–1378 period of the War of Eight Saints, which led up to the famous Ciompi Revolt.

Thomas Mathiesen’s theories, his activism and his scholarship are needed, important and useful for contemporary researchers concerned with social change and social justice. At this moment in time, when strong social movements and abolitionism are back on the agenda, Mathiesen’s theories can not only be revitalised, but moved forward in the everlasting unfinished fashion. Mathiesen’s work might be

This chapter discusses how processes of mediatization shape the increasing visibility and contestation of religion in public debate. Mediatization captures the interrelated processes of change between media technologies, institutions, and practices and other parts of society and culture. The first part presents a theoretical framework for the interplay between politics and traditional news media a

Sarah Waters is an acclaimed author of several bestselling and award-winning novels. The existing body of research on Sarah Waters’ novel The Little Stranger has been valuable and mostly engages with and suggests a correlation between class and the hauntings taking place at Hundreds Hall. Some scholarly research has also explored the unreliable narration of the novel by focusing on different theme

The paper reviews current trends and future directions for diagnostics and therapy with ionizing radiation. Recent advances in medical physics applied to radiation therapy, diagnostic radiology, nuclear medicine, MRI, and radiation safety are summarized. Today, much of the development is concentrated on providing conditions for individualized diagnostics and therapy for the patient, which requires