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There is strong evidence that climate change has a direct impact on humans and extreme temperatures have been linked to negative health impacts and increasing mortality. The heat wave of 2018 caused up to 8.2% more deaths compared to the year before in Sweden, with higher impacts in other parts of the world. The fact that people spent almost 90% of their times indoors makes the indoor environment

The main monitoring method during labor is cardiotocography, CTG, which measures the fetal heartbeat, FHR, as well as the uterine contractions, TOCO. The CTG is a valuable tool in assessing the fetal status and it is evaluated intermittently by clinicians during the progress of the labor. However, abnormalities in the CTG are often non-specific which makes the interpretation difficult and inconsis

The aim of this thesis is to design two patch antenna arrays for dual-frequency harmonic radar application, one for the transmitter and the other for the receiver. The arrays are used to track the Bogong moth that migrates from the countryside to the Australian Alps during spring. The tracking is done at the radar by operating the transmitter at one frequency and the receiver at twice the frequenc

Lifestyle modifications could be crucial in preventing and managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including diet and postprandial glycaemic control. Previous studies on the effects of polar lipids (PLs) on postprandial metabolic responses at Lund University have shown conflicting results. To reconcile these findings and contribute to the existing literature, th

Objectives: To examine the effects of thiopurine exposure during pregnancy on intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pregnancies using nationwide data from Swedish healthcare registers. Methods: This register-based cohort study included all singleton pregnancies with prevalent SLE or IBD in Sweden, 2007-2022. Exposure

Background: Cognitive impairment in trauma-affected refugees is often unassessed due to the absence of suitable cross-cultural neuropsychological measures, the high prevalence of psychiatric symptoms, and the need for interpreter mediation. This poses both a clinical challenge and a health inequality for trauma-affected refugees who are left without access to much needed rehabilitation. Untreated

Breath-hold ECG-gated cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is challenging during exercise due to motion, ECG-problems, and lengthy scans. To facilitate time-resolved volumetric measures from exercise-CMR, we aimed to develop a method for constructing time-resolved ventricular cines from real-time free-breathing exercise-CMR. Time-resolved ventricular cines were semi-automatically constr

Background: A Swedish version of the Patient-Rated Ulnar Nerve Evaluation (PRUNE-S), a patient-reported outcome measure for ulnar nerve entrapment, was created, according to cross-cultural adaptation guidelines, and reliability, validity, and responsiveness were evaluated. Methods: In total, 43 patients (mean [SD] age, 49 [16] y; 54% men) were consecutively examined, including the PRUNE-S (retest:

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence and predictors of sustained remission (SR) in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) receiving biologic or targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (b/tsDMARDs) in Sweden. METHODS: All patients with PsA initiating b/tsDMARDs and who were registered in the national Swedish Rheumatology Quality Register (SRQ) from April 1999 to December 2019 wer

Background: Previous reports from relatively small clinical cohorts have suggested that the clinical presentation of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) differs between men and women. Objective: We aimed to explore sex differences in clinical and polysomnographic features of OSA in a large nationwide registry. Methods: Participants from the ongoing Turkish Sleep Apnea Database (TURKAPNE) Study from 34 c

Background: The impact of surgical specialization on long-term survival in patients undergoing emergent colon cancer resections remains unclear. Method: A retrospective analysis was conducted on all patients who underwent emergent colon cancer resections at a secondary care hospital between 2010 and 2020. The most senior surgeon performing the procedures was classified as colorectal surgeon (CS) o

Climate warming is expected to influence the prevalence of vector-transmitted parasites. Understanding the extent to which this is ongoing, or has already occurred, requires empirical data from populations monitored over long periods of time, but these studies are sparse. Further, vector-disease research involving human health is often influenced by disease control efforts that supersede natural t

Methanol can be produced renewably and used in compression ignition (CI) engines as a replacement for fossil diesel. However, methanol is a low cetane fuel, creating challenges in achieving stable operation, particularly at low load. One potential solution is through surface ignition via a glow plug. In this work, experiments were conducted on a methanol-fueled 2.1 L single cylinder engine instrum

Objective: To evaluate the causal effect of genetically predicted serum urate (SU) levels on the risk of overall and major site-specific cancers in individuals of European ancestry, using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Method: Data from two population-based cohorts from southern Sweden, the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS) and Malmö Preventive Project (MPP), and summary-statistics data f

We investigated integrative physiological responses to eupnoeic exercise (EX), rebreathing exercise (RB), dynamic apnoea (DA) and dynamic apnoea with cold-water face immersion (DAFI) in 20 healthy participants. Trials involved non-steady-state cycle exercise at 60 W for an average duration of 66 s. With increases in heart rate and stroke volume, EX and RB increased cardiac output compared with bas

Observational studies suggest that direct contact from healthcare to at-risk relatives may increase genetic counselling (GC) uptake as compared to family-mediated risk disclosure, but randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are lacking. This study assessed whether the offer of direct letters to relatives at risk of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) or Lynch syndrome increases GC uptake compa

Introduction: Different strategies in prophylaxis for haemophilia among countries may affect long-term outcome. Aim: The aim of this study is to compare joint health in persons with severe haemophilia (PwSH) between Sweden and Greece, based on different approaches on prophylaxis initiation and management. Methods: Data were extracted from the PedNet Registry, which collects patient data prospectiv

Background and aimMany patients with depressive disorders do not improve with first-line treatment with selective serotonin inhibitors (SSRIs). Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are common. However, there are no reliable methods to predict treatment response.The general aim of this thesis was to investigate the role of peripheral serotonin and the polymorphic CYP2D6 gene as potential biomarkers of tre

Aims: To examine the separate associations of glycemic control and chronic kidney disease with hospitalization days over one year in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study using retrospective data on T2D patients in Region Halland, Sweden, during 2020. Data from the Region Halland database included hospitalizations, emergency visits, primary care encoun

When children display disruptive behaviour problems at school or at home, their relationships with others are affected. Taking a systems perspective into account, where all parts of a system mutually influence each other, and considering the reciprocal nature of interactions which imply that children are influenced by and influence their close surroundings, the present study seeks to examine diffe