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The structure and function of many proteins are regulated post-translationally through glycan attachment. These glycans, assembled via competing enzymatic reactions, generate diverse glycoform populations - variants sharing a protein backbone but differing in glycan structures. While current analyses often focus on individual glycoforms, we demonstrate that population-level glycoform analysis - in
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) of molecular mass (MM) 302 Da comprise numerous structural isomers that are of high concern for human health. Because of their multiplicity, low abundance in the environment, and limited availability of authentic standards, their occurrence, composition, and environmental health risk remain not well characterized. Here we extend the characterization of MM 30
Hypothesis: Sponge phase (L3) lipid nanoparticles (L3-NPs) have been shown to have large potential for the encapsulation of biomolecules, such as enzymes, with applications in food and pharmaceutical science. In this study, we introduce new formulations of L3-NPs including the phospholipids dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC) and dioleoyltrimethylammonium propane (DOTAP). The interaction of these n
Objective: To evaluate meat intake patterns in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohorts. Design and setting: 24-Hour dietary recalls were assessed within the framework of a prospective cohort study in 27 centres across 10 European countries by means of standardised computer-assisted interviews. Subjects: In total, 22 924 women and 13 031 men aged 35-74 years.
Tracking techniques are vital for the understanding of the biology and ecology of organisms. While such techniques have provided important information on the movement and migration of large animals, such as mammals and birds, scientific advances in understanding the individual behaviour and interactions of small (mm-scale) organisms have been hampered by constraints, such as the sizes of existing
Phagocytosis is relevant for many research fields and is often measured as a functional outcome. However, accurate quantification can be challenging, and many researchers find it difficult to study in a robust manner. There are many ways to measure phagocytosis, but what is often overlooked is the importance of experimental design and how the analysis is planned and performed. Experimental factors
Antibody binding to bacterial surfaces plays a crucial role in immunity, and a key characteristic of this protein-protein interaction is the binding affinity. Determining the affinity of an antibody binding to its antigen is the first step in predicting the function in a physiological environment where other competing protein interactions may be present. Antibody-antigen affinity is often evaluate
Globins are usually associated with oxygen carriage in vertebrates. However, plants also contain similar heme-containing proteins, called phytoglobins (Pgbs). Unlike conventional hemoglobin, these proteins are often linked to nitric oxide metabolism, energy metabolism and redox maintenance under hypoxic and related abiotic and biotic stress conditions. Class I and II non-symbiotic Pgbs (nsPgbs) ha
Group A streptococci have evolved multiple strategies to evade human antibodies, making it challenging to create effective vaccines or antibody treatments. Here, we have generated antibodies derived from the memory B cells of an individual who had successfully cleared a group A streptococcal infection. The antibodies bind with high affinity in the central region of the surface-bound M protein. Suc
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated an association between transplantation rate per center and postoperative mortality after heart transplantation. In 2011, Sweden centralized heart transplants and waiting lists, reducing the number of centers from 3 to 2. We aimed to assess the active waiting time and pre- and post-transplant mortality before and after centralization.METHODS: Heart tra
This study introduces silicon substrates with a switchable magnetic contrast layer (MCL) for polarized neutron reflectometry (PNR) experiments at the solid–liquid interface to study soft-matter surface layers. During standard neutron reflectometry (NR) experiments on soft-matter samples, structural and compositional information is obtained by collecting experimental data with different isotopic co
SUMMARYHigh prenatal detection rates of complex congenital heart defects (CHD) Aim: To analyze prenatal detection rates of complex CHD after the implementation of an expanded three-tiered screening model at the Skane University Hospitals in Lund and Malmö in 2015. Methods: Retrospective review of pregnancies screened from January 1, 2015 and being born by June 30, 2018. Complex CHD was defined as
BackgroundA specific eHealth device, a surf tablet, was developed for bridging between advanced in-hospital care and children’s homes. Since little is known about determinators for parental eHealth usage, the study’s aim was to explore if parents’ usage of the device was associated with their eHealth literacy, or their satisfaction with their child’s healthcare or with the specific surf tablet.Met
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a medical condition with important consequences for women’s well-being and reproductive outcomes. Although the etiology of PCOS is not fully understood, there is increasing evidence of both genetic and environmental determinants, including development in early life. We studied a population of 977,637 singleton women born in in Sweden between 1973 and 1995, follo
Environmental destruction has long been used as a military strategy in times of conflict. A long-term example of environmental destruction in a conflict zone can be found in Dersim/Tunceli province, located in Eastern Turkey. In the last century, at least two military operations negatively impacted Dersim’s population and environment: 1937–38 and 1993–94. Both conflict and environmental destructio
Among different lipid nanoparticle systems, sponge-phase nanoparticles (SPNPs) have recently attracted interest due to their ability to encapsulate large macromolecules along with demonstrated high interfacial activity. The potential application of SPNPs calls for investigations into how buffer conditions affect SPNP structure and interfacial activity. Herein, we systematically investigated how di
To improve glycemic control in insulin-dependent diabetes, estimates of the glucose- lowering effect of insulin-the insulin action (IA)-and the dynamics thereof are essential. The current practice relies on generic estimates of the dynamic shape of the IA and rules-of-thumb to assess the total glucose-lowering effect. In this paper we present individualized estimates based on home-monitored data,
As the scale of single-cell genomics experiments grows into the millions, the computational requirements to process this data are beyond the reach of many. Herein we present Scarf, a modularly designed Python package that seamlessly interoperates with other single-cell toolkits and allows for memory-efficient single-cell analysis of millions of cells on a laptop or low-cost devices like single-boa
