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There are various ways to classify asthma control; however, no classification is universally accepted. This retrospective analysis compared asthma control as assessed by the Asthma Control Questionnaire (5-item version; ACQ-5), Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) or Gaining Optimal Asthma Control (GOAL) study criteria. Pooled data at the final study week (n=8,188) from three budesonide/formoterol

Popular Abstract in Swedish Övervikt är ett av vår tids största hälsoproblem, kanske till och med det största. Det finns de som menar att redan idag utgör övervikt globalt sett en viktigare orsak till sjukdom än undernäring och infektionssjukdomar. Framtidsscenariot beskrivs som alarmerande. Folk kommer att i en tidigare aldrig skådad omfattning insjukna i överviktens följdsjukdomar. Medierna harThe prevalence of overweight and obesity is rising each year not only on a national but also on a global level. The future scenario is troublesome. The media are among the most important social institutions in influencing people’s knowledge, perceptions and actions. The media provide citizens with health messages and contribute thereby to their health development. This dissertation deals with two

From the point of view of each individual’s sense-making, an organization is an emergent property of inter-individual sense-making processes and activities. The organization is a result of emergence from individual sense-making perspectives. A critically informed approach to research involves recognition / understanding of this emergence. Without the recognition of the uniqueness of each particula

Popular Abstract in Swedish Proteinkinas C (PKC) är en familj enzymer (protein som påskyndar cellulära förlopp) bestående av åtminstone 10 medlemmar (isoformer) vilka är involverade i ett flertal cellulära processer. Varje isoform är namngiven med en grekisk bokstav och beroende på olika egenskaper hos enzymerna kan PKC familjen delas in i tre undergrupper, de klassiska (α, βΙ, βΙΙ och γ), de nya Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of serine/threonine kinases subgrouped into classical (α, βI, βII, γ), novel (δ, ε, η, θ) and atypical (ζ, ι/λ) isoforms. PKC can be activated by phorbol esters, and prolonged treatment of neuroblastoma cells has been shown to induce neuronal differentiation with neurite outgrowth and increased expression of neuronal genes. Here we show that a classical PKCβ isof

The glutamate transporter 1 (GLT1) is upregulated during astrocyte development and maturation in vivo and is vital for astrocyte function. Yet it is expressed at low levels by most cultured astrocytes. We previously showed that maturation of human and mouse stem cell-derived astrocytes - including functional glutamate uptake - could be enhanced by fibroblast growth factor (FGF)1 or FGF2. Here, we

[Context and motivation] Quality requirements (QRs) are inherently difficult to manage as they are often subjective, context-dependent and hard to fully grasp by various stakeholders. Furthermore, there are many sources that can provide input on important QRs and suitable levels. Responding timely to customer needs and realizing them in product portfolio and product scope decisions remain the main

The existence of impartial and independent courts is a cornerstone of the success of the European project. The recent renaissance of “illiberal States” jeopardises the application of the rule of law and risks destroying the foundations of the EU legal order. In 2018, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) began developing two new lines of case-law. Firstly, the CJEU found itself to be c

MHC genes are extraordinarily polymorphic in most taxa. Host-pathogen coevolution driven by negative frequency-dependent selection (NFDS) is one of the main hypotheses for the maintenance of such immunogenetic variation. Here, we test a critical but rarely tested assumption of this hypothesis—that MHC alleles affect resistance/susceptibility to a pathogen in a strain-specific way, that is, there i

Introduction: In Sweden, head computed tomography (CT) is commonly used for prediction of neurological outcome after cardiac arrest, as recommended by guidelines. We compare the prognostic ability and interrater variability of routine and novel CT methods for prediction of poor outcome. Methods: Retrospective study including patients from Swedish sites within the Target Temperature Management afte

Dynamic glucose-enhanced (DGE) imaging uses chemical exchange saturation transfer magnetic resonance imaging to retrieve information about the microcirculation using infusion of a natural sugar (D-glucose). However, this new approach is not yet well understood with respect to the dynamic tissue response. DGE time curves for arteries, normal brain tissue, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were analyzed

Aim: Target temperature management (TTM) at 32-36 °C is recommended in unconscious survivors of cardiac arrest. This study reports awakening in the TTM-trial. Our predefined hypotheses were that time until awakening correlates with long-term neurological outcome and is not affected by level of TTM. Methods: Post-hoc analysis of time until awakening after cardiac arrest, its association with long-t

Earlier treatment of breast cancer results in better survival. Screening enables this through detection of tumors before they cause symptoms. On the negative side, some tumors if not detected through screening would not cause symptoms, leading to overdiagnosis. Improvements in image quality allow even earlier detection and diagnosis of even smaller tumors at an even earlier stage. This study aims

Oath-taking during Roman Antiquity constitutes a telling example of how words and matter interplay and relate to one another. Ancient Latin literature provides a myriad of representations of oaths sworn, both fictive and supposedly historical, where matter somehow figure in the procedure. In this study, a selection of personal oaths from Roman literature are explored in terms of materiality and ag

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) impacts many veterans and active duty soldiers, but diagnosis can be problematic due to biases in self-disclosure of symptoms, stigma within military populations, and limitations identifying those at risk. Prior studies suggest that PTSD may be a systemic illness, affecting not just the brain, but the entire body. Therefore, disease signals likely span multipl