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Breathlessness is a centrally processed symptom, as evidenced by activation of distinct brain regions such as the insular cortex and amygdala, during the anticipation and/or perception of breathlessness. Inhaled L-menthol or blowing cool air to the face/nose, both selective trigeminal nerve (TGN) stimulants, relieve breathlessness without concurrent improvements in physiological outcomes (e.g., br

Background Exertional breathlessness is commonly assessed using incremental exercise testing (IET), but reference equations for breathlessness responses are lacking. We aimed to develop reference equations for breathlessness intensity during IET. Methods A retrospective, consecutive cohort study of adults undergoing IET was carried out in Sweden. Exclusion criteria included cardiac or respiratory

Objectives: In India, cervical cancer is the most common cancer among women and makes up for up to 29% of all registered cancer in females. Cancer-related pain is one of the major distressing symptoms for all cancer patients. Pain is characterised as somatic or neuropathic, and the total pain experience is often mixed. Conventional opioids are the backbone of analgesic treatment but are most often

Segmentation of grey matter in magnetic resonance images of the spinal cord is an important step in assessing disease state in neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis. However, manual delineation of spinal cord tissue is time-consuming and susceptible to variability introduced by the rater. We present a novel segmentation method for spinal cord tissue that uses fully convolutional encode

It has recently been argued that in normal decision circumstances no systematic decision method that predicts the likelihood that individuals possess some property can be fair. Either (i) the decision method correctly identifies the relevant property (e.g. recidivism) more often in one subgroup (e.g. black defendants) than another (e.g. white defendants); or (ii) the decision method systematically

This work explores the use of reinforcement learning to design a proactive cloud resource auto-scaler that is able to predict usage across a distributed microservice application. The focus is on serving time-sensitive workloads, e.g., industrial automation, connected XR/VR (eXtended Reality/Virtual Reality), etc., where each job has a deadline and there is some cost associated with missing a deadl

We know that informal networks explain differences in career success. Historical differences in business careers of men and women have frequently been explained with differences in informal networks. We also know that corporations tend to recruit future leaders and professionals from highly ranked business schools, and that important social networks form among the students there. However, it is no

Purpose: This paper aims to comprehensively clarify the research status of thermal transport of supercritical aviation kerosene, with particular interests in the effect of cracking on heat transfer. Design/methodology/approach: A brief review of current research on supercritical aviation kerosene is presented in views of the surrogate model of hydrocarbon fuels, chemical cracking mechanism of hydr

The COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on society has been suspected to affect gambling behaviors. Potentially, the pandemic crisis may result in increased problem gambling, for example, due to COVID-19-related psychological distress, unemployment, and financial difficulties. In ad-dition, the cancellation of sports in early parts of the crisis has been suspected to alter gambling behaviors. Policy

X-ray phase-contrast imaging by grating interferometry has in the past decades been established both at synchrotron radiation sources and at conventional x-ray tubes. Due to the sensitivity to x-ray phase shifting, contrast in soft tissue has been improved significantly and the possibilities to do virtual histology of tissue biopsies are being pioneered. Constraints in the design of a grating inte

This paper focuses on the intersection of social dynamics, knowledge production, and the implementation of identity features in robotic platforms. Concentrating on the concept of epistemic injustice, particularly in the context of trust, the study highlights the potential for justified distrust based on experienced injustice. The incorporation of social identity features, such as gender, signals g

Microbicides in the leather industries are employed to avoid the biodeterioration of the hides by microorganisms. This problem may lead to harmful characteristics to the end product such as stains, roughness and decrease mechanical properties of leather. Therefore, microbicides like the 2-(thiocyanomethylthio) benzothiazole (TMCTB) are applied in distinct steps of the tanning process as alternativ

Popular Abstract in Swedish Bilsäten har genomgått en kontinuerlig utveckling ända sedan de först beskrevs år 1885. På den tiden kunde man läsa om vadderade läderbänkar, monterade på stora fjädrar, fastsatta i chassit på ”hästlösa vagnar”. När polyuretanskum först började tillverkas på 1950-talet introducerades de snabbt i bilsätena och dessa genomgick stora förbättringar. Skummen utgör idag en stAutomotive seating has been under continous development since it was described for the first time in 1885. At that time one could read about a “padded leather bench seat sitting on springs mounted directly to the frame of a horse-less carriage”. With the development of flexible polyurethane foam in 1950-1960 the seats were considerably improved and the traditional springs were eventually replaced