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A calculation scheme with significant modifications and improvements for determining the ionization balance and the ion temperature evolution in an electron beam ion trap (EBIT) is presented. The scheme is applied to thorium, tantalum and oxygen ions using a specific set of EBIT operating parameters. The results of the calculation are compared to experiment and previous calculations. Rates for the
A typical feature of the boreal forest landscape is a gradient from dry to wet sites, with associated increases in the depth of the soil organic layers. In this study, the coupled ecosystem-soil biogeochemistry model GUESS-ROMUL is used to explore how the specific features of soil organic matter decomposition and vegetation dynamics account for an observed difference between the soils formed under
TiO2 (anatase), SiO2 and gamma-Al2O3 were used as supports for Co-, Cu-, Fe- and Mn-oxide with a loading of active phase corresponding to one theoretical layer. The catalysts were tested for the combustion of CO and toluene, and the best combinations with active phase and support were submitted to a deactivation test in a waste gas incinerator for 50 days. The catalyst screening showed that CuOx/T
For the development of single–ion irradiation system for living cells at the Lund Ion Beam Analysis facility (LIBAF) newly developed pre-cell (PC) detectors have been investigated. Central to the thesis is the fabrication and initial characterization of more than 100 ultra-thin silicon detectors having different thicknesses down to 5 μm with active areas ranging from 0.71 to 0.172 mm2, to be used
Popular Abstract in Swedish Allmän Introduktion Hormonkänsligt lipas (HKL/HSL) är det protein (enzym) som hydrolyserar (bryter ner) det fett som finns lagrat inne i fettcellerna i fettväven. HSL finns också i steroidproducerande vävnader, som t.ex. binjure, äggstockar, moderkaka och testikel, och har troligtvis en viktig funktion i steroidsyntesen i åtminstone vissa av dessa vävnader. Det är dock Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) is a key enzyme in adipose tissue that hydrolyses stored fat (triacylglycerol). The activity of HSL is under strict hormonal and neural control. Lipolytic agents, such as catecholamines, increase the cAMP levels, resulting in an activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), which in turn phosphorylates and activates HSL. This thesis describes the structural orga
This paper deals with the joint estimation of spatial mode shapes and temporal frequencies from transient vibrations measured by a uniform circular array of sensors encircling a cross-section of a cylinder. The geometry allows each 2D mode to be interpreted as two real planar waves impinging from mirrored directions with respect to the broadside of a uniform linear array. Algorithms for joint esti
A farm systems mass-balance calculation model, FARMFLOW, was applied to a case study comparing organic and conventional management of a Swedish experimental dairy farm, Ojebyn. Parameterisation of the model is implemented using detailed field data from the Ojebyn farm where the two management systems have been run parallel for more than 11 years. Simulations were made to compare the stocks, flows
The inner relative humidity (RH) and degree of saturation (S) of high-performance concrete cured for 2 years in water or 3% NaCl solution were measured at three different levels from the concrete surface (outer layer 0 to 16 mm, middle layer 16 to 32 mm, and inner layer 32 to 50 mm). The effects of many factors, such as water-to-cement (w/c) ratio, content of silica fume, and air content, were inv
Health-health analysis (HHA) focuses on statistical lives themselves as a numeraire. The underlying principle is that the expected gains in health and safety of reduced risks in one area may result in increasing risks somewhere else in society. By reducing one risk other risks may increase due to changed individual behaviour. In addition to this direct effect, another indirect effect will also be
The results of Swanson and Avanta metacarpophalangeal joint arthroplasties in rheumatoid patients were compared in a prospective, randomized study of 30 patients (120 implants). At 2-year follow-up, grip strength was measured, hand function was assessed with the Sollerman test and the subjective outcome was determined with visual analogue scores. With both implants ulnar deviation and flexion defo
Osteoprotegerin (OPG), a secreted member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family, is a potent inhibitor of osteoclast activation and differentiation. In animal models OPG prevents bone loss, and in humans bone resorption can be reduced by injections of OPG. OPG may also play a role in cardiovascular disease since mice lacking the OPG gene display arterial calcification. In a screening effort
Pain is a common problem for older persons who need professional help for their daily living. In this study 94 older persons (75+) in persistent pain were compared with 52 care providers concerning the pain management methods they had used/administered during the previous week and how helpful they perceived these methods to be. interviews were based on 16 items from the original version of the pai
A generalized scattering matrix method is presented for spin-dependent electron transport in a quantum waveguide under the modulations of local magnetic field and/or spin-orbit interaction (SOI). All the required Hamiltonian matrices are expressed in terms of a common basis spanned by the products of the transverse spatial eigenstates and the spin eigenstates of the leads. In the formulation we ha
Objectives To study early-onset group B streptococcal (EOGBS) morbidity, mortality, and maternal risk factors. Design Observational, population-based, retrospective. Data from national registers and medical records. Setting Sweden, 1997-2001. Population Cohort of 640 infants with a diagnosis of GBS infection out of 435 070 live births. Method Infants with diagnoses GBS sepsis (P36.0) and/or pneumo
The purpose of this study was to evaluate an abdominal CT protocol in which radiation dose was reduced and IV contrast dose increased for young patients and radiation dose was increased and IV medium dose decreased for elderly patients. The hypothesis was that these adjustments would result in constant image quality and a reduction in age-specific risk.
Objective: To evaluate the number needed to treat (NNT) and the number needed to harm (NNH) of the second-generation biologics abatacept, certolizumab, golimumab, rituximab, and tocilizumab in patients with established rheumatoid arthritis (RA) taking concomitant methotrexate (MTX). Methods: A systematic literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Register of Controlled
To determine risk factors associated with increased meniscal body extrusion on knee magnetic resonance (MR) images in subjects free of radiographic osteoarthritis.
