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The objective of this work was to study the formation of DNA-cationic vesicle complexes (lipoplexes). These complexes are interesting not only from a fundamental point of view but also as promising candidates for gene therapy. The approach taken was to study first the cationic vesicles by themselves. This will allow us to better understand the "complexation mechanism" upon the addition of DNA. The

Sweden of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries was visited and toured by a number of British author-travellers, whose subsequently published views of and on the country and its people are examined and presented in this thesis. Using as primary sources British-published monographs deriving, wholly or in part, from an experienced Sweden of c.1770-1865, it has been possible to identify and define

Publisher Summary: This chapter discusses two major developments that have taken place over the past decade. First is the enormous wealth of energy band calculations that have had tremendous success in explaining the properties of specific solids, but in which the connection with first principles is not always apparent. Second is the spectacular progress of many-body theory applied to the solid st

Popular Abstract in Swedish Selen är ett essentiellt näringsämne som behövs för att upprätthålla flera viktiga funktioner i kroppen, huvudsakligen genom en speciell grupp proteiner som heter selenoproteiner. Det finns minst 25 stycken olika selenoproteiner i människan och flera av dem skyddar kroppen mot oxidation medan vissa andra sköter regleringen av sköldkörtelhormoner. Många selenoproteiners Selenium is a micronutrient that is essential for many important life processes due to the action of the specific selenoproteins containing one or more of the 21st amino acid, selenocysteine. Twenty-five selenoprotein genes have been found in the human genome but the function of many of them is not yet known. Some of the characterised selenoproteins have, however, antioxidant properties. Selenium

Packaging materials profile of paper and board, prepared as part of PACkit, an integrated export packaging information kit, aimed at small and medium enterprises in developing countries - reviews consumption, production and international trade of paper and board used for packaging; provides detailed description and characteristics of paper and board; gives information on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA

Several Danish exposures and one drill core spanning the upper Oligocene-upper Miocene interval of the Cenozoic (i.e., 24–5 Myr ago) were palynologically investigated. The sediments were deposited in alternating deltaic, marginal marine and fully marine settings, and reveal a rich and diverse miospore flora, associated with abundant dinoflagellate cysts. The results consistently demonstrate that c

An analysis of siderophores produced by Magnaporthe grisea revealed the presence of one intracellular storage siderophore, ferricrocin, and four coprogen derivatives secreted into the medium under iron depletion. Structural analysis showed that the compounds are coprogen, coprogen B, 2-N-methylcoprogen and 2-N-methylcoprogen B. Siderophore production under low and high iron conditions was quantifi

In the narrow offshore border zone between Germany and Denmark, 550 km of high-density 3.5-kHz subbottom seismic reflection profiles were recorded within a 70-km(2) area in order to reconstruct the seismic stratigraphy of late Pleistocene to early Holocene lacustrine and fluvial environments. Using detailed line drawings, seismic facies analyses and a hierarchy of bounding surfaces, a depositional

This paper describes a model for mobile radio channels that includes consideration of directions of arrival and is thus suitable for simulations of the performance of wireless systems that use smart antennas. The model is specified for 13 different types of environments, covering macro- micro- and picocells. In this paper, a hierarchy of modeling concepts is described, as well as implementation as

The BCR gene is implicated in the development of Ph-positive leukemia through its fusion with the nonreceptor tyrosine kinase gene ABL. The normal 160 kDa Bcr protein has several functional domains, and recently one specific role for Bcr was established in the regulation of respiratory burst activity in white blood cells. Bcr expression levels are relatively constant throughout mouse development u

The ground and the excited state properties of the fullerene-linked quarter-thiophenes dyad were studied theoretically with the quantum chemistry method. To reveal the excited state properties of them in the vertical absorption process, the energies and densities of the HOMO and LUMO, the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), locally excited (LE) are studied with transition density matrix, charge

The interaction between hydrogen peroxide and ozone has been studied in argon matrices using infrared spectroscopy. The spectra show that hydrogen peroxide forms a weak hydrogen bond to one of the end oxygens of ozone. A comparison is made with other ozone complexes.

The glacial unloading and resulting isostatic land uplift have together with hydro-isostasy, eustatic rise of sea-level and geoidal changes, ruled the shore displacement of Fennoscandia. Within the Baltic basin, periods of damming and shifts of outlet further complicated the shore displacement during the period studied, c. 12,200-8400 BP. Information on the Baltic history was derived from shorelin

We investigate correlations between geomagnetic activity indices, theNorth Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and stratospheric geopotentialheights. It is shown that the correlation between the geomagnetic indexAp and the NAO index is high and significant since about 1970, that itis significant during winter only, that it was not significant beforeabout 1970, and that the correlations are dominated by qu

Objectives To obtain reference data representative of normal findings at anal endosonography in pregnant and non-pregnant women. To determine intraobserver and interobserver agreement in the detection of endosonographic anal sphincter defects in asymptomatic women. Methods Twenty-five non-pregnant nulliparous women and 25 non-pregnant parous women (age range, 20-67 years) and 47 pregnant women (a