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The genus Lupinus (Fabaceae) represents an exceptional model system for studying evolutionary processes mediated by pollinators and environmental factors. This review synthesizes evidence on phenotypic variability of floral traits, trait selection by biotic and abiotic factors, and the eco-evolutionary implications of these interactions. Pollinators shape floral traits through specialized selectio
A tumour grows when the total division (birth) rate of its cells exceeds their total mortality (death) rate. The capability for uncontrolled growth within the host tissue is acquired via the accumulation of driver mutations which enable the tumour to progress through various hallmarks of cancer. We present a mathematical model of the penultimate stage in such a progression. We assume the tumour ha
In this Letter, the first evidence of the (Formula presented) antihypernucleus is presented, along with the first measurement at the LHC of the production of (anti)hypernuclei with mass number (Formula presented), specifically (Formula presented) and (Formula presented). In addition, the antiparticle-to-particle ratios for both hypernuclei ((Formula presented) and (Formula presented)) are shown, w
Context. Early theoretical works suggested that ultrahot Jupiters have inverted temperature-pressure (T-P) profiles in the presence of optical absorbers, such as TiO and VO. Recently, an inverted T-P profile of KELT-7b was detected, in agreement with the predictions. However, the diagnosis of T-P inversions has always been recognized to be a model-dependent process. Aims. We used the Characterisin
The ATLAS tile calorimeter (TileCal) is the hadronic sampling calorimeter covering the central region of the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). This paper gives an overview of the calorimeter’s operation and performance during the years 2015–2018 (Run 2). In this period, ATLAS collected proton–proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and the TileCal was 99.65% eff
The lithium extractive industry is expanding, as technological and economic shifts associated with climate change mitigation goals drive global demand for lithium-ion batteries. This article explores the case of the ‘Lithium Triangle’, a region of Latin America (spanning Bolivia, Chile and Argentina) that contains the world’s largest reserves, and where environmental conflicts associated with lith
INTRODUCTION: Anaemia in patients having surgery is associated with worse postoperative outcomes. Management with intravenous iron is an attractive therapeutic option, however, pre-operative intravenous iron administration is challenging. Evidence from interventional trials suggests that the greatest benefit is after hospital discharge. As anaemia is common after surgery, this meta-analysis aimed
Iron deficiency (ID) is the most common micronutrient deficiency in the world. It is of concern for women and girls of reproductive age as, despite frequent normalization, excessive menstrual blood loss and the iron demands associated with pregnancy increase the risk of developing an ID. Iron deficiency reduces health-related quality of life with symptoms of fatigue, heart palpitations, difficulty
The Nuclear Renaissance is a term that describes today’s socio-political attitudes toward nuclear technology. The renewed optimism surrounding nuclear power frames it as a solution to climate change and environmental inequality. However, the popular visual culture that accompanies these attitudes rarely portrays nuclear power in a positive light, but rather as a form of destruction we are expected
Summary: In this meta-analysis of international cohorts, current smoking is confirmed as a significant BMD-independent predictor of future fracture with a stronger relationship in men than in women. A causative and reversible effect of smoking on fracture risk is suggested by past smoking having a significantly lower risk than current smoking. Purpose: In this meta-analysis of international cohort
A new upper bound on the list error probability is presented. This bound is derived by combining the techniques for obtaining the tangential union bound with an improved bound on the error probability with respect to a given list. Connections between the list distance and the eigenvalues of the covariance matrix of the code are studied
Project retrospectives can be a powerful tool for process improvement through obtaining new insights. However pure experience-based reflections may lead to incorrect conclusions. Our method, evidence-based timeline retrospectives (EBTR), mitigates this risk by providing a pre-generated timeline that visualises project history based on evidence rather than relying on subjective opinions and biased
