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The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the state of play between environment and transport in the European Union, and an area that has been notably problematic during the years is chosen as case study: the cooperation between the Directorates-General of Environment and Transport and Energy on the Trans- European Transport Network. The two Directorates-General constitute the units of analysi

With the purpose to scrutinise ethnic identity as it negotiates through times of change, this thesis focuses on how the identity of the Karen in northern Thailand has been defined in the context tourism. The meeting of the Karen with foreign tourists and Thai tour guides is studied through the notion that inter-ethnic relations are necessary for ethnic identity to exist. Interviews and participant

In this thesis I analyse why the Nordic Council of Ministers cooperate with North-Western Russia, by using theories of New Regionalism. The study is based on literature-study of official publications and qualitative interviews with employees at the NCM information office in St Petersburg, Russia. I analyse how they describe the aims of the cooperation, and how they expect it to influence the Nordi

Air sampling and biological sampling have been performed to examine the exposure to nicotine in the Nicorette patch and Nicorette gum production at Pfizer Health AB in Helsingborg, Sweden. For this purpose stationary and personal sampling equipment have been used. At the Nicorette patch production, XAD-2 tubes were used to sample nicotine vapor and at the Nicorette gum production Teflon filters we

Bardawil Lagoon, a natural lagoon located on the northern coast of the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt, there are three inlets of which two are man-made connecting the lagoon with the Mediterranean Sea. The inlets are subjected to changes in morphology, due to sediment transport, over time and this may lead to degrees of closure of either inlet. The sediment transport is governed by longshore currents and

The European Union (EU) is a unique foreign policy actor, because of its history and the diversity of its member states. The EU has developed a distinct approach to promoting human rights and democracy in third states. Its focus lies on positive engagement through constructive dialogue. This preference for using positive rather than negative engagement is the subject of this thesis. It is argued t

On 23 June 2000, the EU and the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) states signed the Cotonou Agreement, a trade and aid agreement which represents a new approach to EU-ACP cooperation. For instance, it provides for the non-reciprocal trade preferences previously enjoyed by the ACP states to be replaced with regional free trade agreements. The aim of this essay is, firstly, to examine the EU

This is a study on transnational advocacy networks in the context of an accommodative EU multi-level governance system . Using the gay and lesbian network in the EU, I argue that transnational advocacy networks are successful in policy introduction (i.e. the inclusion of anti-discrimination clause in the Amsterdam Treaty) when they use leverage politics, accountability politics, symbolic politics,

This thesis analyses the debate around the patents on human genes from three most important angles: ethical, legal and economic. In the ethical context, patents on gene-related inventions are often seen as inappropriate because of the alleged special status of human DNA. The special status stems from their alleged responsibility for everything from diseases to social propensities and personal trai

This thesis investigates Article 53(b) of the European Patent Convention and has at its core, the reasoning for this Article. It establishes and explains the ideological beginnings of these exceptions to patenting. By focusing primarily on the two landmark cases on the Article, I have tried to draw out where the reasoning for this exclusion has come from and where the exclusion may potentially lea

The importance of property in everyday life of people is obvious. Although sometimes it looks like property does not fit into the human rights context, the author believes that the right to property as any other human right needs protection. The fact that 20 percent of all violations found by the European Court of Human Rights in the last eight years are connected with property rights illustrates

Bilateral Investment Treaties (BIT) are entered into by two state signatories wishing to promote, protect and liberalize investments. A BIT protects a private party, that is an investor having made an investment, by allowing for such a private party to address judicial recourse against a state signatory under the Washington Convention (the Convention). The Convention provides jurisdiction for the

Eco-labels show consumers which products' impact (multi-criteria basis) on the environment is the smallest compared to competitively and functionally similar ones and is intended to change consumption patterns. Generally most voluntary eco-labelling schemes have similar distinctive features, the main goal being that of promoting environmentally 'superior' products in providing consumer

Synthetic estrogens that originate mainly from oral contraceptive pills reach our waters through sewage effluent and potentially affect organisms in the natural environment. This study focused on the effects of the synthetic estrogen 17-alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2) on the foraging and predator avoidance behaviors of the planktivorous fish roach (Rutilus rutilus), a common fish in Swedish lakes and

This study investigates the impact of rules of origin (ROO) on the Malagasy textile and clothing industry. The ROO of two different preferential trading arrangements for developing countries, the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) of the US and the Lomé/Cotonou agreement of the EU, are compared and related to Malagasy clothing exports and textile imports. The AGOA ROO are found to be more l

This thesis explores the interactions between tourism development and cultural values in the South Pacific nation of Samoa. As tourism is likely to remain a key strategy for the development of Samoa, this study explores the impact of such development on the cultural component of fa’a Samoa, or Samoa’s way of life, which varies quite significantly from Western, capitalist culture. The aim of the st