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Family flocks of Marsh Tits Parus palustris in southern Sweden kept together until 11-15 d after fledging and stayed within the former territory of the parents. Mortality in the family flocks was low in one year (1.2-3.6%) but higher in another (18.6%). This level of mortality is compared with post-dispersal mortality in other species of tits. The occurrence of a parent-offspring conflict with reg

The peak-to-valley method was investigated under laboratory conditions and in situ with respect to both 134Cs perturbation of the 137Cs valley and use of collimation. The 134Cs perturbation is significant down to 134Cs:137Cs activity ratios of 1:100. In these cases the full energy peaks from 134Cs (796 and 802 keV) and associated valley should be used instead of the peak and valley from the 137Cs

The explosive popularization of personal computers during the last decade, along with the appearance of the World Wide Web and of high-level programming techniques, has opened many new and exciting opportunities in the field of education. In this chapter, a review of existing types of multimedia material used in education and of some of the authoring tools used in the production of this material i

This article deals with the early development of the Jesus prayer in Early Christian monasticism of the 4th to the 7th century. It proceeds in two steps. First, a quite uniform matrix of practices and aims related to three early monastic authors (John Cassian, Diadochus of Photike, and John Climacus) is discerned. It is evident that the practice is not clearly defined in this period. It is also ap

This article offers an overview of some main approaches in Swedish Cold War studies with a specific attention to how this field of research has dealt with the media as historical sources. The historiographical development is divided into two major research paradigms, one focusing on politics and Sweden in the postwar global environment, and the other focusing on the cultural aspects of the Cold Wa

This paper presents some preliminary empirical reflexions about rural development in North East Argentina at the light of the recent socio-economic and political changes. The processes of decentralization that have taken place in the country during the decade of 1990 illustrate the complexity of rural development strategies at local level and the necessity to create policies to take into account t

This article presents the second study in a series that has been designed to manifest the emergence of consciousness and to measure developed competence. Its major aim has been to demonstrate that an invariant formulation of the Agent-action-Objective model and an analysis of its A-O kinematics have the capacity to re-produce contour similarity over time. Within the studied evolutionary-developmen

We study the one-dimensional version of the Rudin–Osher–Fatemi (ROF) denoising model and some related TV-minimization problems. A new proof of the equivalence between the ROF model and the so-called taut string algorithm is presented, and a fundamental estimate on the denoised signal in terms of the corrupted signal is derived. Based on duality and the projection theorem in Hilbert space, the proo

Inference of CO2 surface fluxes using atmospheric CO2 observations in atmospheric inversions depends critically on accurate representation of atmospheric transport. Here we characterize regional-scale CO2 transport uncertainties due to uncertainties in meteorological fields using a mesoscale atmospheric model and an ensemble of simulations with flow-dependent transport errors. During a 1-month sum

Iron can be a growth‐limiting nutrient for phytoplankton, modifying rates of net primary production, nitrogen fixation, and carbon export ‐ highlighting the importance of new iron inputs from the atmosphere. The bioavailable iron fraction depends on the emission source and the dissolution during transport. The impacts of anthropogenic combustion and land use change on emissions from industrial, do

In this review, the authors reflect upon the role of coronary physiology in the modern management of coronary artery disease. They critically appraise the scientific background of the instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) and fractional flow reserve (FFR), from early experimental studies to validation studies against indexes of ischemia, to clinical trials assessing outcome. At this important junctu

Many time-series smoothing methods can be used for reducing noise and extracting plant phenological parameters from remotely-sensed data, but there is still no conclusive evidence in favor of one method over others. Here we use moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to investigate five smoothing methods: Savitzky-Golay fitting (S

Numerous current efforts seek to improve the representation of ecosystem ecology and vegetation demographic processes within Earth System Models (ESMs). These developments are widely viewed as an important step in developing greater realism in predictions of future ecosystem states and fluxes. Increased realism, however, leads to increased model complexity, with new features raising a suite of eco

The Theory of Characteristic Modes (TCM) has recently been shown to be beneficial in solving a wide variety of complex electromagnetic problems. However, there are still open issues in using TCM to analyze objects which consist of simple or complex media. Either a volume integral equation (VIE) or a surface integral equation (SIE) is required to solve for the characteristic modes of these objects.

Lithium abundance in most of the warm metal-poor main sequence stars shows a constarnt plateau (A(Li) ~ 2.2 dex) and then the upper envelope of the lithium vs. metallicity distribution increases as we approach solar metallicity. Meteorites, which carry information about the chemical composition of the interstellar medium (ISM) at the solar system formation time, show a lithium abundance A(Li) ~ 3.

We have modelled the formation of the eccentric double-degenerate binaries J1141-6545 and B2303+46 using the Henyey-type full stellar evolution code STARS and the population synthesis code BSE. We find that the outcome depends strongly on the common envelope (CE) evolution efficiency parameter alpha(CE) and show that both systems can be modelled with a single value of alpha(CE). The final orbit of

We focus on the problem of semantic segmentation based on RGB-D data, with emphasis on analyzing cluttered indoor scenes containing many visual categories and instances. Our approach is based on a parametric figureground intensity and depth-constrained proposal process that generates spatial layout hypotheses at multiple locations and scales in the image followed by a sequential inference algorith

Optimization of channel utilization in wireless networks is typically based on transmission parallelization under signal-to-interference and noise constraint assuming minimum frame-length scheduling. In application scenarios like sensor networks this approach may not be suitable since it does not explicitly consider end-to-end packet delay nor energy consumption. In the paper we propose a mixed-in