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Popular Abstract in Swedish Arsenik (As) finns i grundvatten på många platser i världen, och mer än 100 miljoner människor världen över exponeras dagligen för As via dricksvatten. Kronisk exponering för As kan orsaka bl.a. cancer, hjärt-kärlsjukdom och diabetes. När As omsätts (metaboliseras) i kroppen bildas flera olika omsättningsprodukter (metaboliter) emellan vilka giftigheten skiljer sig åt. Over 100 million people around the world are exposed to high concentrations of arsenic (As) in drinking water, associated with a number of adverse health effects such as skin, lung and bladder cancer, vascular diseases and diabetes. In humans, As is metabolized via alternating reduction and methylation reactions, from inorganic As (iAs) into monomethylated (MMA) and dimethylated As (DMA). The most

The figure-of-eight solution is unusual in being a stable solution of the planar three-body problem. To study its stability, we first implement a numerical integrator, the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method, and demonstrate that it is accurate enough to integrate the figure-of-eight for thousands of periods. To examine what effect initial perturbations have on it, we define two perturbation schemes, one

The purpose of this thesis is to cover the definition and basic properties of the Hausdorff measure and treat the proofs of Davies and Cordoba of the Kakeya conjecture in R^2. The conjecture states that any compact set in R^2 containing a line in every direction has Hausdorff dimension 2. Using mainly basic measure theory we construct the Hausdorff measure and develop relevant theorems, such as Ma

The ISO standard tapping machine, used as an excitation source in rating the impact-sound level of a floor structure, interacts with the floor structure during the hammer impact. Expressions for the force spectrum due to the impact are presented. The 6 dB difference at low frequencies of the force spectrum, evident in measurements, and reasons for it, are discussed. The interaction is investigated

Governments attempting to regulate labour markets and control immigration are confronted with difficult questions. In the past, there was general agreement that the asylum system should not be exploited as a side entrance to the labour market. The two systems—asylum and labour market—were to be planned and maintained separately. But if migration is a prerequisite for asylum, does not increasingly

Are there special ways of exerting influence for small states in a complex multi-actor governance system such as the EU? Intergovernmental theories of European integration emphasize great power nota bene the Franco-German axis, but other observers suggest that smaller member states may actually use the EU institutions to their advantage. Based on literature about small states in international rela

Memorials and places of ritual, such as funeral monuments, roadside memorials and cemeteries, can be said to reveal the politics of religious space as in the tension between sacred and secular and between private and public interests. At the same time they also reflect a given society’s religious structures, cultural differences and social orderings, as well as the changes in these matters over ti

Competitiveness of city regions has gained a more and more central position in regional development and regional planning within the last decades. A reason for this is that globalisation has caused pressure on industrial structures forcing firms to increase their competitiveness by more actively promoting innovation and knowledge creation. Access to knowledge has therefore become vital for most ty

Accompanying realisations that engagement of multiple societal sectors (academia, industry, government, citizenry) and disciplines is required for formulating effective responses to complex sustainability challenges, calls for new forms of knowledge production are increasing in magnitude, both inside and outside the university. In parallel, experiences from the United Nations Decade of Education f

Popular Abstract in Swedish Astma och rökarsjuka, eller mer korrekt kronisk obstruktiv lungsjukdom (KOL), är två vanliga sjukdomar som karakteriseras av att de drabbade tidvis har svårt att andas. Denna andnöd orsakas av att luftvägarna drar ihop sig. Mediciner som motverkar detta och istället vidgar luftvägarna är därför viktiga för patienter som lider av astma eller KOL. Det finns idag flera medCapsazepine and similar compounds, capsazepinoids, were shown to be general inhibitors of agonist (leukotriene D4, histamine, acetylcholine, prostaglandin D2) evoked constriction of human small airway preparations. The mechanism of action remains to be elucidated, but established bronchodilator principles, e.g. beta2-adrenoceptor agonism, as well as TRPV1 antagonism were shown to be less likely. F

On religious fictionalism, the problem of evil becomes a problem about fictional inconsistency. How can the fiction contain both a perfectly good and omnipotent God, and a world full of suffering? Le Poidevin has presented three strategies a fictionalist might use to come to terms with the problem: to edit the fiction, to let the fiction remain open, and to let the fiction be paradoxical. In my vi

The gender pay-gap is not a new phenomenon in Brazil. Since the increase of female participation on the labor market, the gap has remained a persistent problem that has generated a wide range of studies on the topic. The Human Capital Theory argues that individuals’ education and on-the-job experience are essential determinants on wage estimations. This assessment is not disputed in the literature

Despite increased globalization since the 1980s in many sectors remained the textile and clothing trade regulated through countryspecific import quotas. In 2005, they were terminated by the Agreementon Textiles and Clothing (ATC). Subsequently it was expected that mostly China would gain in worldwide exports while preferentially treated countries and countries facing fewer restrictions would notic

Emotional AI systems decode human emotions through facial micro-expressions, vocal patterns, and physiological data. While the EU Artificial Intelligence Act prohibits emotion recognition in workplaces and educational institutions, broad security exemptions permit deployment in military, defense, national security, and law enforcement contexts. This article demonstrates how these exemptions create