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Species’ range shifts and local extinctions caused by climate change lead to community composition changes. At large spatial scales, ecological barriers, such as biome boundaries, coastlines, and elevation, can influence a community's ability to shift in response to climate change. Yet, ecological barriers are rarely considered in climate change studies, potentially hindering predictions of biodiv
Objectives: The literature has highlighted the importance of identifying symptoms predictive of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in women, in addition to traditional cardiovascular risk factors. The objective was to study subjective health problems, in relation to later AMI, in a large sample of women, adjusted for age, educational status, smoking, waist/hip ratio, blood pressure, total cholester
Delayed-acceptance Markov chain Monte Carlo (DA-MCMC) samples from a probability distribution, via a two-stages version of the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm, by combining the target distribution with a "surrogate" (i.e. an approximate and computationally cheaper version) of said distribution. DA-MCMC accelerates MCMC sampling in complex applications, while still targeting the exact distribution. W
Lingonberries (LB) have been shown to have beneficial metabolic effects, which is associated with an altered gut microbiota. This study investigated whether the LB-induced improvements were associated with altered gut- and neuroinflammatory markers, as well as cognitive performance in ApoE−/− mice fed high-fat (HF) diets. Whole LB, as well as two separated fractions of LB were investigated. Eight-
BACKGROUND: Refugee women have a high risk of coronary heart disease with low physical activity as one possible mediator. Furthermore, cultural and environmental barriers to increasing physical activity have been demonstrated. The aim of the study was to evaluate the combined effect of an approximate 6-month primary health care- and community-based exercise intervention versus an individual writte
Alcohol consumption contributes to many negative health consequences and is a risk factor for death. Some previous studies however suggest a J-shaped relationship between the level of alcohol consumption and all-cause mortality. These findings have in part been suggested to be due to confounders. The aim of our study was to analyze the relationship between self-reported alcohol intake and all-caus
Crisis management exercises sometimes produce weak or vague learning results with very limited applicability. This paper addresses these problems by developing a theoretical framework on learning from crisis management exercises. The framework focuses on necessary requirements and beneficial factors for the conceptual learning of individuals from discussion-based exercises. The variation theory of
Risk and Interdependencies in Critical Infrastructures Springer Series in Reliability Engineering 2012, pp 49-65 Modelling, Simulation and Vulnerability Analysis of Interdependent Technical Infrastructures Jonas Johansson, Henrik Hassel … show all 2 hide » Download Book (7 380 KB) As a courtesy to our readers, the eBook is provided DRM-free. However, please note that an invisible watermark has
Heterogeneity in patient populations is an important issue in health economic evaluations, as the cost-effectiveness of an intervention can vary between patient subgroups, and an intervention which is not cost-effective in the overall population may be cost-effective in particular subgroups. Identifying such subgroups is of interest in the allocation of healthcare resources. Our aim was to develop
Organizations need to make sure that their level of safety is acceptable. Therefore it is important to know which factors contribute to the level of safety and how to monitor and improve these factors. One method used today to evaluate the level of safety in organizations is safety culture measurements. In different contexts, different models of safety culture are used. Safety culture is often con
During the last years a couple of emergencies have affected the Swedish municipality Ljungby and its inhabitants and forced the municipality to initiate emergency responses. Some examples are a flooding that happened during the summer of 2004, the storm Gudrun that occurred in January 2005 and the storm Per that occurred in January 2007. These emergencies, as well as other incidents, are situation
Photo-Fenton oxidation was used for treatment of synthetic textile wastewater as stand alone treatment, as pre-treatment before aerobic biological treatment and as post-treatment after anaerobic biological treatment. The processes were compared with regards to decolorization, chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction and chemical consumption. When applying photo-Fenton alone for treatment of Remazol
Background: The aim of this longitudinal study was to analyze whether mean Body Mass Index (BMI), assessed at four occasions, changed within different age groups and birth cohorts over time, i.e., between 1980/81 and 2004/05, after adjustment for possible confounders. Methods: A sample of 2728 men and 2770 women aged 16-71 years at study start were randomly drawn from the Swedish Total Population
Background: Leptin resistance is considered a primary risk factor for obesity. It has been hypothesized that dietary cereal grain protein could cause leptin resistance by preventing leptin from binding to its receptor. Non-degraded dietary wheat protein has been found in human serum at a mean level of 41 ng/mL. Here, we report our findings from testing whether enzymatically digested gluten from wh
P>Aims Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease with potential mechanistic links to immune-related cancers. We aimed at examining the overall and specific cancer risks among hospitalized T1DM patients from the national registers in Sweden. Methods A T1DM research cohort was created by identifying T1DM patients from the Hospital Discharge Register and linking them with the Cancer Re
Yoga can reduce blood pressure and has also been suggested to reduce inflammatory biomarkers and metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). We aimed to assess the benefit of two yoga interventions on inflammatory biomarkers and metabolic risk factors in a high risk population in primary care.
Background: Many older adults are physically inactive and inactivity increases with age. This knowledge comes from cross-sectional studies. Cross-sectional studies may miss important trajectories within the older adults as a result of retirements, and poor health impact of promotional efforts. The aim of this study was to analyse, longitudinally, the annual effects of age group and birth cohort on
Background: The aim of this study is to analyze longitudinally, based on four measurements at intervals of eight years, the annual effect of age group and birth cohort on regular exercise in the Swedish population from 1980-1981 to 2004-2005. Methods: We followed a randomly drawn subsample of individuals aged 16-63 years, interviewed by professional interviewers, from the Swedish Annual Level of L
