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Bioaerosols include bacterial cells and spores, viruses, pollen, fungi, algae, detritus, allergens and cell fragments. Bioaerosol particles are usually a small fraction of all aerosol particles in our surroundings, but their impact can be critical. They are a means for transmission of disease, they cause allergic reactions and they have effects on the global climate, ecology and biodiversity. This
The purpose of risk management in the development of safety-critical software is to eliminate or reduce harmful behaviour. In health-care it is essential to manage risk related to software due to its increased use in medical devices and other computer systems. This paper presents some of the experiences gained from an ongoing case study at a large hospital in Sweden. The study focuses on identific
For some time, directional antennas have been considered to solve connectivity and interference issues in wireless networks. Several scenarios have been presented and often the conclusions drawn are positive, showing increase in capacity. However, to date there has been no effort to assess a holistic picture of the benefit/cost tradeoff and previous work mainly concerns either link scheduling or a
In this paper we present a new class of MAC protocols for wireless LANs based on sharing of transmission intentions. We develop an example protocol implementation based on distributed, co-operative scheduling of data frames. Sched- ules are non-binding, requiring minimal negotiation between nodes. The protocol is implemented on top of standard 802.11 so that backwards compatibility with legacy nod
This paper presents the findings from a design study of a model-based framework for safety-critical software development, called SimPal. The objective of the study was to better understand the necessary properties of such a framework and to learn more about the challenges of realizing it. Our research approach can be labeled as design research, which means that we try to answer our research questi
The trend within fluid industry is towards continuous production, leading to an increasing demand for new and improved methods that allow real-time monitoring of quality parameters and fast process control. The consistency and viscosity can be described by fluid rheology and are frequently used as quality control parameters. Rheological properties can be correlated with product microstructure, the
This paper presents a study of the so called far field approximation to the problem of determining both the direction to a number of transmittors and the relative motion of a single antenna using relative distance measurements. The same problem is present in calibration of microphone and wifi-transmittor arrays. In the far field approximation we assume that the relative motion of the antenna is sm
Climate change policies have stimulated a shift towards renewable energy sources such as biomass. The economic crisis of 2008 has also increased the practice of household biomass burning as it is often cheaper than using oil, gas or electricity for heating. As a result, household biomass combustion is becoming an important source of air pollutants in the European Union.This position paper discusse
Tristan da Cunha is a volcanic island group situated in the central South Atlantic. The oldest of these islands, Nightingale Island, has an age of about 18Ma. In the interior of the island, there are several wetlands situated in topographic depressions. The ages of these basins have been unknown, and their genesis has been debated. Aiming towards the reconstruction of the geomorphological history
The removal of particulate fine fractions by a proper high-temperature cleaning device is a very important issue in the development of the biorefinery concept. Therefore, in this investigation, particles from a 100 kW(th) steam-O-2 blown circulating fluidized-bed (CFB) gasifier were sampled and characterized. The sampling was performed with a specially designed heated dilution probe downstream of
Background: Exposure to particulate matter (PM) is generally associated with elevated risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Elderly and obese subjects may be particularly susceptible, although short-term effects are poorly described. Methods: Sixty healthy subjects 25 males, 35 females, age 55 to 83 years, body mass index > 25 kg/m(2)) were included in a cross-over study with 5 hours of
The general research question of the present study was to assess the impact of visually salient online adverts on children's task-oriented internet use. In order to answer this question as reliably as possible, an experimental study was constructed in which 9-year-old and 12-year-old Swedish children were asked to solve a number of tasks while interacting with a mockup website. In each trial, web
Aerosol particle samples were collected, and the particle size distribution was measured during 1 year at the Zeppelin station (474 m asl) on Svalbard. The chemical constituents, hygroscopicity, and cloud forming properties of the aerosol were analyzed. The aerosol contained mostly sulfate and nitrate during the summer, whereas from September to February the main components were sodium and chlorid
Abstract in UndeterminedContext: Defect reporting is an important part of software development in-vivo, but previous work from open source context suggests that defect reports often have insufficient information for defect fixing. Objective: Our goal was to reproduce and partially replicate one of those open source studies in industrial context to see how well the results could be generalized. Met
Abstract in UndeterminedThis article presents an integrated environment for application scheduling, binding and routing used for the run-time reconfigurable, operator based, ROMA multimedia architecture. The environment is very flexible and after a minor modification can support other reconfigurable architectures. Currently, it supports the architecture model composed of a bank of single (double)
We present a new algorithm for solving the LPN problem. The algorithm has a similar form as some previous methods, but includes a new key step that makes use of approximations of random words to a nearest codeword in a linear code. It outperforms previous methods for many parameter choices. In particular, we can now solve instances suggested for 80-bit security in cryptographic schemes like HB var
Particles in the atmosphere are of concern due to their toxic properties and effects on climate. In coastal areas, ship emissions can be a significant anthropogenic source. In this study we investigated the contribution from ship emissions to the total particle number and mass concentrations at a remote location. We studied the particle number concentration (12 to 490 nm in diameter), the mass con
