Filtyp
This study aims to investigate and disentangle the impact of land use and climate variability on the Baltic Sea coastal zone from a millennial perspective. To assess the environmental status of the coastal zone we make use of siliceous microfossils (mainly diatoms), stable nitrogen and carbon isotopes, organic carbon accumulation rates, and lithological changes analyzed in a sediment core collecte
Soil pore space, considered the most complex biomaterial that exists, generates a complex environment, that gives rise to a wide variety of properties, such as microbial diversity and carbon storage. Soils contain, at the same time, the largest carbon reservoir on earth and an immense amount of nutrient-limited microbial biomass. The reason why this carbon is not consumed by soil microbes is attri
Understanding how ecological communities assemble in relation to natural and human-induced environmental changes is critical, particularly for communities of pollinators that deliver essential ecosystem services. Despite widespread attention to interactions between functional traits and community responses to environmental changes, the importance of sensory traits has received little attention. To
In this study we introduce a novel extension of an existing Lagrangian particle dispersion model for application over urban areas by explicitly taking into account the urban canopy layer. As commonly done, the original model uses the zero-plane displacement as a lower boundary condition, while the extension reaches to the ground. To achieve this, spatially-averaged parametrizations of flow and tur
Urbanization is a major contributor to biodiversity declines. However, studies assessing effects of urban landscapes per se (i.e., disentangled from focal habitat effects) on biodiversity across spatial scales are lacking. Understanding such scale-dependent effects is fundamental to preserve habitats along an urbanization gradient in a way that maximizes overall biodiversity. We investigated the i
Land sharing versus land sparing describes contrasting strategies to conserve biodiversity while maintaining agricultural production. We comprehensively reviewed empirical studies comparing land-sharing and land-sparing strategies to assess how these were conceptualized and how consequences for biodiver- sity, commodity production, and additional ecosystem services have been quantified. Out of 52
Environmental change is disrupting mutualisms between organisms worldwide. Reported declines in insect populations and changes in pollinator community compositions in response to land use and other environmental drivers have put the spotlight on the need to conserve pollinators. While this is often motivated by their role in supporting crop yields, the role of pollinators for reproduction and resu
Accidents nearby work zones are a persistent road safety problem in many European countries. The Conference of European Directors of Roads (CEDR) has initiated and finances the IRIS project (Incursion Reduction to Increase Safety in road work zones) with the aim to collect and share information about best practices in temporary traffic management at road works. An analysis of work zone accidents aAccidents nearby work zones are a persistent road safety problem in many European countries. The Conference of European Directors of Roads (CEDR) has initiated and finances the IRIS project (Incursion Reduction to Increase Safety in road work zones) with the aim to collect and share information about best practices in temporary traffic management at road works. An analysis of work zone accidents a
The role of the IPCC as a boundary, or hybrid organization, between science and policy has been well-documented. Much of this research focuses on the role that the IPCC has had in shaping policy outcomes, or how its limitations have potential impacts in uptake and political acceptability of its knowledge claims. Less has been said on its role as an organizer of scientific research. This paper take
Climate change is not only about changes in means of climatic variables such as temperature, precipitation and wind, but also their extreme values which are of critical importance to human society and ecosystems. To inspire the Swedish climate research community and to promote assessments of international research on past and future changes in extreme weather events against the global climate chan
Agricultural landscapes have changed fast in Europe, which has led to steep declines in farmland biodiversity. While this has differentially impacted “farmland species”, some of these seem to be able to use alternative man-made open habitats in forests, such as forest clear-cuts and powerline rights-of-way. We investigated the use of clear-cuts by two historically declining farmland birds, the Yel
No-tillage (NT) practice is extensively adopted with aims to improve soil physical conditions, carbon (C) sequestration and to alleviate greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions without compromising crop yield. However, the influences of NT on GHGs emissions and crop yields remains inconsistent. A global meta-analysis was performed by using fifty peer-reviewed publications to assess the effectiveness of
Root exudates can significantly modify microbial activity and soil organic matter (SOM) mineralization. However, how root exudates and their C/N stoichiometric ratios control paddy soil C mineralization is poorly understood. This study used a mixture of glucose, oxalic acid, and alanine as root exudate mimics for three C/N stoichiometric ratios (CN6, CN10, and CN80) to explore the underlying mecha
NASA's Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) is collecting spaceborne full waveform lidar data with a primary science goal of producing accurate estimates of forest aboveground biomass density (AGBD). This paper presents the development of the models used to create GEDI's footprint-level (~25 m) AGBD (GEDI04_A) product, including a description of the datasets used and the procedure for fi
Kontrollerade experiment (t.ex. A/B test) används av många företag med användarintensiva produkter för att förbättra mjukvara med hjälp av användardata. Några företag anammar ett experimentdrivet tillvägagångssätt för mjukvaruutveckling med kontinuerliga experiment (KE). Med KE så utvärderas alla förändringar som påverkar användare med ett experiment och det finns specialiserade roller som aktivt Controlled experiments (i.e. A/B tests) are used by many companies with user-intensive products to improve their software with user data. Some companies adopt an experiment-driven approach to software development with continuous experimentation (CE). With CE, every user-affecting software change is evaluated in an experiment and specialized roles seek out opportunities to experiment with functiona
Public preferences for sustainable land use policy instruments and the motivations behind such preferences are important to make appropriate policies. Based on survey data (n = 309) from northeastern Somalia, we examined preferences for a set of land use policy instruments relative to no policy (i.e. the current status quo) and how cultural worldviews predict such preferences. We used a multinomia
The view that soil organic C (SOC) is formed mainly from non-metabolised and recalcitrant organic residues is being challenged by an emerging view that metabolic by-products form more stable associations with soil minerals. However, the effects of C substrate identity and soil mineral composition (and interactions) on microbial physiology and SOC formation are still not well understood. We added c
Several suggestions have been made as to why Sweden's approach to managing the COVID-19 pandemic came to rely on a strategy based on voluntary measures. Two of the most prominent explanations for why the country chose a different strategy than many other countries have focused on micro- and macro-level factors, explaining the strategy either in terms of the psychologies of prominent actors or by p
Rice paddy agro-ecosystems play an important role in global carbon (C) sequestration. Because of flooding management, paddy soil experience periodical changes in oxygen availability, which may make soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralisation unique as compared to upland or other wetland ecosystems. However, at present, information about the relevant mechanisms involved in paddy SOC mineralisation is
