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Deep learning has shown promise for gaze estimation in Virtual Reality (VR) and other head-mounted applications, but such models are hard to train due to lack of available data. Here we introduce a novel method to train neural networks for gaze estimation using synthetic images that model the light distributions captured in a P-CR setup. We tested our model on a dataset of real eye images from a V
Polarized neutron imaging brings the great advantage of analyzing bulk magnetic properties with good spatial resolution. The technique is based on the interaction of the neutron spin with magnetic samples or free magnetic fields and observing the changes to a spin-polarized neutron beam. The high sensitivity to even small magnetic fields is a benefit in obtaining magnetization information but simu
Objective: To investigate how a behavioral health, artificial intelligence (AI)-powered, digital self-management tool affects the daily functions in adults with chronic back and neck pain. Design: Eligible subjects were enrolled in a 12-week prospective, multicenter, single-arm, open-label study and instructed to use the digital coach daily. Primary outcome was a change in Patient-Reported Outcome
Medical decision-making is critical and the decisions are made under uncertain, complex, and dynamic conditions. In this regard, practitioners’ experiences and perceptions may provide a bottom-up knowledge of the issues, as well as a corresponding support system that assists them in learning to make decisions in critical situations. The current study aimed to examine these experiences in the Pakis
ObjectiveTo evaluate the ACR/EULAR 2022 criteria for ANCA-associated vasculitides (AAV) classification and compare them with the European Medicines Agency (EMA) algorithm and with classification based only on ANCA serology.MethodsIn the analysis, 374 cases (47% female) were classified according to the EMA algorithm, ANCA serology and ACR/EULAR criteria. The agreement rate was calculated using the
The COVID-19 pandemic has jolted the health system globally and a paucity of specific drugs and/or vaccine hesitancy led clinicians to indiscriminately use antibiotics. Furthermore, during the early waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, several studies showcased the anti-SARS-CoV-2 efficacy of few antibiotics which further catapulted the idea of using them after emergency approval by the Food and Drug A
Osteoporotic fracture is among the most common and costly of diseases. While reasonably heritable, its genetic determinants have remained elusive. Forearm fractures are the most common clinically recognized osteoporotic fractures with a relatively high heritability. To establish an atlas of the genetic determinants of forearm fractures, we performed genome-wide association analyses including 100,0
High aspect ratio nanostructuring requires high precision pattern transfer with highly directional etching. In this work, we demonstrate the fabrication of structures with ultra-high aspect ratios (up to 10 000 : 1) in the nanoscale regime (down to 10 nm) by platinum assisted chemical etching of silicon in the gas phase. The etching gas is created by a vapour of water diluted hydrofluoric acid and
Adjuvants have traditionally been appreciated for their immunoenhancing effects, whereas their impact on immunological memory has largely been neglected. In this paper, we have compared three mechanistically distinct adjuvants: aluminum salts (Alum), Ribi (monophosphoryl lipid A), and the cholera toxin A1 fusion protein CTA1-DD. Their influence on long-term memory development was dramatically diff
To understand mating-system evolution in self-compatible hermaphrodites, variation in selfing rates is highly relevant. Empirical studies are rarely designed to capture variation between individuals, instead often comparing species and populations. Yet, evolution primarily occurs within populations, rendering among-individual variation essential. Observed individual selfing rates depend on the env
Clinical axillary lymph node management in early breast cancer has evolved from being merely an aspect of surgical management and now includes the entire multidisciplinary team. The second edition of the “Lucerne Toolbox”, a multidisciplinary consortium of European cancer societies and patient representatives, addresses the challenges of clinical axillary lymph node management, from diagnosis to l
Background and objective: Some colorectal surgeons advocate routine splenic flexure mobilization (SFM) when performing anterior resection for rectal cancer to ensure a tension-free anastomosis. Meta-analyses of smaller studies suggest that this approach does not influence anastomotic leakage rates, but larger multicentre studies are needed to confirm the safety of a selective strategy. The aim of
BackgroundCognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) are recommended treatments for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but their relative efficacy and acceptability have not been comprehensively examined. Further, it remains unclear whether the efficacy of in-person CBT is conserved when delivered in other formats, such as over telephone/webcam or as In
Background: Light microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) have long been the recommended diagnostic methods for malaria. However, in recent years, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) techniques have been shown to offer superior performance, in particular concerning low-grade parasitaemia, by delivering higher sensitivity and specificity with low laboratory capacity requirements in li
PURPOSEAdjuvant radiotherapy (RT) is used for women with early-stage invasive breast cancer treated with breast-conserving surgery. However, some women with low risk of recurrence may safely be spared RT. This study aimed to identify these women using a molecular-based approach.METHODSWe analyzed two randomized trials of women with node-negative invasive breast cancer to ± RT following breast-cons
Vaccine hesitancy is considered as one of the greatest challenges to control the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A related challenge is the unwillingness of the general public to pay for vaccination. The objective of this study was to determine willingness-to-pay (WTP) for COVID-19 vaccine among individuals from ten low-middle-income countries (LMICs) in Asia, Africa, and Sou
This issue of Leadership marks our first full year as Co-Editors-in-Chief. As we highlighted in our introductory editorial (Edwards and Schedlitzki, 2023) we see our role as striving to develop the community of the journal in its endeavour to be a key, critical and contemporary voice for leadership studies. To continue this journey, and to help contributors frame and develop their work for submiss
