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AJIL Symposium commentary

Computer-based design analysis is nowadays a common activity in most development projects. Used for design evaluation, verification, validation, or as a support for design exploration, it fulfils an important support function for the engineering designer, thus making it essential to have an operationally efficient and effective integration between both the engineering design and design analysis ac

The principles for today's international refugee policies were laid down in the years following World War II, with the creation of the UNHCR and the establishment of an international refugee convention. These years, which were the central phase in the development of a new refugee regime, are the topic. The refugee question is set in an East-West perspective. The rethoric of refugee policies is con

The lean stability limit of a prototype syngas burner is investigated. The burner is a three sector system, consisting of a separate igniter, stabilizer and Main burner. The ignition sector, Rich-Pilot-Lean (RPL), can be operated with both rich or lean equivalence values, and serves to ignite the Pilot sector which stabilizes the Main combustion sector. The RPL and Main sectors are fully premixed,

Heat transfer losses are one of the largest loss contributions in a modern internal combustion engine. The aim of this study is to evaluate the contribution of the piston bowl type and swirl ratio to heat losses and performance. A commercial CFD tool is used to carry out simulations of four different piston bowl geometries, at three engine loads with two different swirl ratios at each load point.

Robots interacting with other agents in rich information landscapes and complex dynamic physical environments require sophisticated and robust concept and knowledge management capabilities if they are to solve problems, communicate, learn and exhibit intelligent behaviours. In this paper we describe how conceptual spaces provide a powerful substrate upon which to build effective concept and knowle

A swirl stabilized flame has been studied numerically using Large Eddy Simulation. The response of the flame to a large swirl number modulation has as been determined. Decreasing the swirl number moderately does not destabilize the flame. Decreasing further the swirl number induces a transition from stabilized to a jet flame with increase in the flame fluctuations. Increasing back the swirl restor

Eukaryotic cells possess sensitive systems for the detection of microbes and microbial-derived products. Bacteria-eukaryotic cells contact triggers several signaling pathways, most of which are dependent on protein-protein interactions followed by phosphorylation, leading to activation of defense mechanisms. Yersinia bacteria have evolved different strategies to interfere with eukaryotic host defe

The functional organization of the hindlimb withdrawal reflex system was studied in the rat. For the reflex pathway to each muscle, a "mirror-image" relationship was found between the spatial distribution of sensitivity within its cutaneous receptive field and the pattern of cutaneous unloading ensuing on muscle contraction. Thus, the withdrawal movement pattern ensuing on contraction in a muscle

This work is theoretical analyses of heat transfer across film a flowing over the surface of a rotating disk. This field has wide industrial applications in Turbomachinery, chemical, and food industries. An analytical study is developed to investigate the heat transfer characteristics in the liquid film due to jet impinging at the center of the disk. A theoretical model is based on heat balance an

Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) is a T cell-dependent autoimmune disease that serves as an animal model for human rheumatoid arthritis. CIA can be induced in H-2q mice by a single immunization with the cartilage-specific protein type II collagen (CII). This study has focused on CII immunity and tolerance with respect to the interactions between antigen, antigen-presenting cells and T cells. CIA-r

It is well known that Catholic nuns and sisters played an important role in modern society, and that they in many ways paved the way for the entrance of women into professional life within the social sector. Modern research has also pointed out their social achievements as missionaries in the third word. But it is less known that female Catholic congregations also led school, hospitals and other s

The first chapter of this paper will give an overview of different ways of developing a university’s teaching and learning. There are many single activities that individually deal with the topic in a positive direction, such as teacher training, develop learning environments, develop teacher reward systems, etc. Traditionally educational development has been about these single activities focusing