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How can qualitative, ethnographic and emotional aspects from probe users be mapped at the same time as they get something meaningful in return? The emphasis is here on intellectual rewards during probe work rather than future good designs that in a long term perspective can be beneficial for the probe user. This case study has elaborated the traditional use of cultural probes [1] with a selection
Scattering of electromagnetic waves by discrete, randomly distributed objects is addressed. In general, the non-intersecting scattering objects can be of arbitrary form, material and shape. The main aim of this paper is to calculate the coherent reflection and transmission characteristics of a finite or semi-infinite slab containing discrete, randomly distributed scatterers. Typical applications o
Scan circuit is widely practiced DFT technology. The scan testing procedure consist of state initialization, test application, response capture and observation process. During the state initialization process the scan vectors are shifted into the scan cells and simultaneously the responses captured in last cycle are shifted out. During this shift operation the transitions that arise in the scan ce
This study analyzes the evolution of a ‘protected label of origin’ cluster in France with a particularly homogeneous and explicit institutional framework, which has given birth to significant incremental and radical changes in recent decades. By providing insights into these change processes and their institutional preconditions, the study provides an operational framework that disentangles differ
Thermographic phosphors thermometry was used to measure engine valves and transparent piston temperatures in two dimensions as well point wise of a running, optically accessible, gasoline direct injection engine. The engine, fueled with isooctane, was operated in continuous and skip-fire mode at 1200 and 2000 rpm. A calibration of the phosphorescence lifetime and spectral properties against temper
A 7th order polyphase G/sub -m/C IF filter with automatic frequency tuning, implemented in a 0.35/spl mu/m CMOS process, is presented. The filter has a center frequency of 3MHz and a passband of 1MHz. The image band rejection is higher than 57dB, the stop band attenuation is at least 40dB. The in-band spurious free dynamic range is around 53dB. On-chip automatic frequency tuning provides more than
There has been an upsurge of interest in the principle of extended producer responsibility (EPR) among policy makers and scholars in non-OECD countries. The principle has been applied and its impacts studied rather extensively in various OECD countries. However, similar experiences are largely lacking in non-OECD countries. This paper presents some ongoing research and preliminary findings on the
There has recently been an increased interest among academic scholars on the importance of elections per se as promoters for democratic change in semi-democratic contexts. This study positions itself somewhat on the side of this debate asking; when do elections in electoral authoritarian regimes result in democratic consequences? Recognising that elections can be as well a tool for democratic empo
