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PLL (Phase Locked Loop) based frequency synthesizers are widely used in the wireless communication field. This paper puts focus on the design and implementation of a 60dB SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) FM transmitter, which realizes direct frequency modulation of audio signal by utilizing a carrier frequency ranging from 78MHz to 108MHz, with a 100 kHz channel selection resolution. Fabricated in stan

An algorithm based on embedding phase space signal was developed by the authors in previous works. The algorithm detects the characteristic points of the waves of a multilead electroacardiogram (ECG). In the present work, the parameters of this algorithm are optimized to improve its performance. The algorithm uses 2 configurable parameters to obtain the phase spacethe dimension of the phase space

Particle generation from humans is a severe problem when working in cleanrooms and other controlled environments. Data regarding the number of particles generated by humans are few and there are no detailed references as to how these studies have been performed. An experimental method to determine the particle release from a human being in a cleanroom was developed and used to describe the variati

The amount of household refuse has steadily increased in Sweden and this is consistent with the trend in the rest of the European Union. Strategies for household waste reduction includes sorting, recycling, re-use and repair. Two categories of motivational factors determine disposal behaviour, external and internal. The external factors include administrative, economic, information and physical me

Objective This study provides the summary of current knowledge about migrant work in agriculture available from journal articles, books, reports and other relevant academic publications, focusing on political, economic, legal, social and medical aspects of migrant work in agriculture. Methods A systematic search was carried out on the LibHub and Google Scholar databases in order to compile the e

Abstract in UndeterminedAs standards and regulatory codes are issued by third party organizations and committees, the project organization can neither control the content of all standards that the projects should adhere to, nor negotiate or make changes to them that can make the project development easier. Moreover, large infrastructure projects require compliance with hundreds of standards of reg

The European Union has initiated a number of initiatives to improve resource efficiency in Europe. The Ecodesign Directive is one of the policy instruments that could aid the transition towards a more resource efficient economy. So far, the Directive has mainly been applied to set requirements related to energy efficiency, but there is potential for setting legal standards that increase product du

For pulse combustors of the Helmholtz type, a heat transfer of the order two to five times higher than expected has been reported. Experiments, where the temperature profile in the tail pipe of a pulse combustor has been measured, give Ilo indication why the heat transfer should be enhanced. The interaction between the oscillating velocity field and the oscillating temperature field might explain

Background: There is a need for ecient regression testing in most software development organizations. Often the proposed solutions involve automation. However, despite this being a well researched area, research results are rarely applied in industrial practice. Aim: In this paper we aim to bridge the gap between research and practice by providing examples of how evidence-based regression testing

In this work, we report an original experimental approach for mapping the droplets Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) of a hollow-cone water spray using the SLIPI-LIF/MIE technique. Water mixed with a non-toxic fluorescing dye is continuously injected at 20 bars injection pressure and the formed hollow-cone spray is illuminated using a continuous wave laser. The illumination wavelength is carefully chosen