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We report experimental measurements of high-order harmonic spectra generated in Ar using a carrier-envelope-offset (CEO) stabilized 12 fs, 800 nm laser field and a fraction (less than 10%) of its second harmonic. Additional spectral peaks are observed between the harmonic peaks, which are due to interferences between multiple pulses in the train. The position of these peaks varies with the CEO and
To overcome the limited treatment depth of superficial photodynamic therapy we investigate interstitial light delivery. In the present work the treatment light was delivered using a system in which three or six clear-cut fibers were placed in direct contact with the tumor area. This placement was thought to represent a step toward general purpose interstitial PDT. Twelve nodular basal cell carcino
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen berör membranbaserade tekniker för provupparbetning, vilket enkelt uttryckt innebär att använda membran för att ”skilja agnarna från vetet”. De membran som använts kan designas för att vara selektivt genomsläppliga, d.vs. släppa igenom vissa molekyler och inte andra. Denna selektivitet behöver inte vara baserad på molekylstorlek, tvärtom styrs den mer av moComplex biological and environmental samples require a high degree of selectivity in order to determine components therein. Sensitivity measures, such as analyte pre-concentration are often required for assessing composition quantitatively. Use of membranes and especially non-porous membranes for extraction purposes offers in many cases the desired measure of selectivity and sensitivity for trace
Popular Abstract in Swedish Ett varmare klimat ökar generellt risken för angrepp av skadeinsekter på jordbruksgrödor, och många skadeinsekter förväntas sprida sig norrut. Den här avhandlingen fokuserar på hur ett varmare klimat kan påverka koloradoskalbaggen, en allvarlig skadegörare i potatisodlingar. Koloradoskalbaggen kom från Mexiko till Europa i början av 1900-talet, och har sedan dess spridiEuropean agriculture is facing the challenge of managing the impact of climate change on food security. Agriculture in a northern temperate climate is likely to benefit from higher temperature and longer growing season while, in the south, crop productivity is likely to decline. Such changes in climate could also affect the population dynamics of insect pests. The Colorado potato beetle (CPB) is o
Synthesis of metal-oxide nanoparticles and utilization of these particles as gate materials for field-effect sensor devices is reported. Improved selectivity to specific gases is expected by modulating the size of the oxide nanoparticles or impregnating them with catalytic metals. Another objective is to improve the long-term thermal stability of the sensors, since the metal loaded nanoparticles m
Under det senaste decenniet har hemlösheten rönt stor uppmärksamhet, men samtidigt är kunskapen otillräcklig om de processer som leder in i respektive ut ur hemlöshet samt om olika åtgärders effekter. Syftet med denna antologi är att ge en bred och allsidig bild av svensk hemlöshet utifrån olika perspektiv och förklaringsmodeller samt att ge några internationella utblickar. Författarna är forskare
Klimatförändringarna gör världen successivt varmare, förändrar nederbördsmönster, höjer havsytenivån, med mera. Klimatet har redan förändrats och i alla fall en viss fortsatt förändring är oundviklig på grund av tidigare och pågående växthusgasutsläpp. Hur stora klimatförändringarna blir på sikt beror i första hand på beslut om och åtgärder för att minska vår klimatpåverkan, det vill säga utsläpp
We have used transmission electron microscopy to determine the morphology of InP Stranski–Krastanow islands in GaInP, grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition at 580 °C. We investigated both capped and uncapped islands. It was found that the fully developed islands have the principal shape of truncated pyramids with a hexagonal base both before and after overgrowth. The planes defining the
Somatic mutations in cancer genomes are caused by multiple mutational processes, each of which generates a characteristic mutational signature1. Here, as part of the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium2 of the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we characterized mutational signatures using 84,729,690 somatic mutations from 4,645 who
This report looks at different methods of active teaching and learning and the application of these methods at the partner universities of the SPIDER project. Different methods of on-campus and online teaching are presented and reports on experiences in their application at the partner universities are discussed. In combination with the results from Intellectual Output (IO) 4, this results in best
Photo-generated charge carrier dynamics in Ruddlesden-Popper 2D perovskites with linear (n-BA) and branched (iso-BA) butylamine as spacing cations have been studied by using transient absorption and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopies. Both n-BA and iso-BA perovskites consist of mixed-phase 2D quantum wells with various layer thicknesses, where the photo-generated charges undergo inter-
Adenosine A(1) and A(2A) receptors are neuromodulatory systems that can control mnemonic behavior, which is modified by diabetes. Since the density of these adenosine receptors can change upon chronic noxious brain conditions, we now tested if the density of A(1) and A(2A) receptors was modified in the hippocampus of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The binding density of the selective A(1) r
The output power (30–150 W) and the periodicity (20–100%) of ultrasound emission were varied in a wide range to regulate and improve the crystallization process in the commonly used co-precipitation technique of chloride-intercalated CaFe-layered double hydroxides. The influence of ultrasound irradiation on the as-prepared materials was studied by X-ray diffractometry, dynamic light scattering, UV
The study of molecular dynamics involves observations of the motion of nuclei and electrons. While nuclear motion is usually on the picosecond or femtosecond timescale, attosecond precision is necessary to directly observe the motion of electrons. Ultrashort laser pulses have become established as a viable tool for probing femtosecond dynamics by irradiating the target for only extremely short tim
Background: The United States (US) is currently facing a public health crisis due to the percentage of obesity in adolescents. The Center for Disease Control (CDC) stated the risks for children due to obesity are many. Adolescents obtain a large portion of their daily caloric intake at school; therefore, what foods/drinks they are consuming is so serious. Objective: To identify and analyze literat
The optimisation of occupational radiological protection is challenging and a variety of factors have to be considered. Physicians performing image-guided interventions are working in an environment with one of the highest radiation risk levels in healthcare. Appropriate knowledge about the radiation environment is a prerequisite for conducting the optimisation process. Information about the dose
It is well known that certain cancers have shown clusteringin educational and socioeconomic groups, but recent comprehensive data on clustering by education are limited. We determined standardized incidence ratios (SIRs), adjusted for several variables, for cancer among men and women in six educational groups based on the Swedish Family-Cancer Database. People were identified with a certain educat
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease found wherever human is in direct or indirect contact with contaminated water and environment. Considering the increasing number of cases of this disease in the northern part of Iran, identifying areas characterized by high disease incidence risk can help policy-makers develop strategies to prevent its further spread. This study presents an approach for generati
Melanoma tumors are driven by a hyperactivated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway, and therefore can generally be classified by mutations within the B-Raf proto-oncogene (BRAF), RAS family of proto-oncogenes, neurofibromin 1 (NF1), or other genes. At the transcriptional level, several genetic classifications of melanoma have converged on the distinction between melanogenesi
BACKGROUND: The Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) has historically produced estimates of causes of injury such as falls but not the resulting types of injuries that occur. The objective of this study was to estimate the global incidence, prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) due to facial fractures and to estimate the leading injurious causes of facial fracture.METHODS: We obtained
