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The formation of acrylamide in potato crisps was fitted by empirical mathematical models. Potato slices were fried under the same experimental conditions for different times. Besides the content of precursors in the raw potato slices, acrylamide and water content in the potato crisps were quantified after predetermined times (2-6 min). The temperature developments in the surrounding oil and outer
A series of resonant Auger-electron spectra excited at selected photon energies across the O 1s -> Rydberg resonances in O-2 has been measured. Applying a spectator-electron shake relaxation model originally introduced for atomic resonant Auger-electron spectra, and using, to a large extent, the assignments for the core-excited resonances available from the literature, many of the observed spectat
Ro 25-1553 is a metabolically stable analogue of endogenous vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). This compound is a potent bronchodilator in vitro as well as in vivo. Moreover, Ro 25-1553 has been shown to be highly selective of the VPAC2 receptor. We assessed the effect of Ro 25-1553 on isolated human bronchi and pulmonary arteries in vitro. Macroscopically normal human airways and pulmonary
An increasing incidence of testicular cancer has been reported from several western countries during the last decades. According to current hypothesis testicular cancer is initiated during the foetal period and exposure to endocrine disruptors such as some persistent organic pollutants has been of concern. We have previously reported the results for concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB
U.S. studies have reported an increased risk of esophageal and some other cancers in dry cleaners exposed to tetrachloroethylene. We investigated whether the U.S. findings could be reproduced in the Nordic countries using a series of case-control studies nested in cohorts of laundry and dry-cleaning workers identified from the 1970 censuses in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Finland. Dry-cleaning wor
Popular Abstract in Swedish Kliniska och experimentella studier av kortisonallergi Kortisonämnen har använts sedan 1950 talets början för att behandla olika hudsjukdomar såsom eksem och psoriasis. Redan 1959 kom de första rapporterna om kontaktallergi mot hydrokortison, ett kroppseget kortisonämne. Senare studier har visat att 4–5 % av alla patienter som allergitestas med så kallat lapptest (epikuCorticosteroids are anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative substances that also can induce sensitization, mainly through skin contact. In a sensitized individual, it can be hard to disclose the contact allergy at patch testing because the anti-inflammatory effect may mask the allergic contact reaction. This is primarily seen when patch testing to potent corticosteroids is performed and the readi
Popular Abstract in Swedish Diabetes mellitus är en kronisk sjukdom som orsakas av en oförmåga att bilda och/eller känna av insulinets effekt i vävnaderna, vilket leder till förhöjda blodsockervärden. Diabetes som debuterar i unga år och där insulinproduktionen oftast är upphävd klassas som typ 1 diabetes. Typ 2 diabetes debuterar senare i livet och här finns olika grader av insulinproduktion kvarDiabetic retinopathy is a common complication to diabetes mellitus and is still a major cause of impaired vision in the Western world. The aim of the present study was to identify medical risk factors influencing the development and progression of retinopathy in type 1 diabetic patients, and to investigate the effects of laser treatment on visual acuity and glare. Although the development of sigh
Popular Abstract in Swedish Systemisk lupus erythematosus (SLE) är en autoimmun reumatisk systemsjukdom som drabbar flera av kroppens olika organsystem, såsom rörelseapparat, hud och inre organ. Vidare ses en mångfald störningar i kroppens immunsystem. Sjukdomen drabbar oftast kvinnor. Vad som orsakar SLE är ännu så länge ofullständigt klarlagt, men man vet att yttre faktorer (miljöfaktorer) samveSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease in which environmental factors interact with genetic factors in the development of the disease process and evolution of clinical manifestations. In this thesis both exogenous factors and host factors were investigated, as well as important immunopathological aspects including involvement of immune complex (IC), the complement syste
Popular Abstract in Swedish Andningsvägarna kan schematiskt uppdelas i en övre och nedre del där den övre består av näsa, bihålor, (mellanöra) och struphuvud och den nedre av luftstrupe, luftrör samt alveoler. Sjukdomar i andningsvägarna, såsom astma och olika allergiska tillstånd, är vanligt förekommande, men mekanismerna bakom deras uppkomst och utveckling är ofullständigt klarlagda. NeuropeptidThe investigations focus on the neuropeptidepituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide and its effects on airway regulation, with emphasis on smooth muscle relaxation and neutrophil activation and migration. In the nasal mucosa, PACAP-containing nerve fibers were localized invascular smooth muscle and close to seromucous glands. In the lung, PACAP-containing nerve fibers were found close to se
Popular Abstract in Swedish Knäledssmärtor och knäledsartros: kliniska, röntgenologiska och biokemiska undersökningar under tidig artrosutveckling Långdragna knäsmärtor (dagligen i mer än 3 månader) förekommer hos 15 % av personer i åldern 35-54 år. Det visar vår undersökning av befolkningen i Laholms kommun i sydvästra Sverige. En orsak till långdragna knäsmärtor kan vara artros (s.k. broskförThe aim of this project was to study clinical, radiographical and biochemical features of developing, symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA) prospectively in individuals aged 35-54 from the general population. A questionnaire to a random sample of 2 000 individuals in the district of Laholm, Sweden, identified 279 individuals (15% of the population) with chronic (>3 months) knee pain. Of these, 204
Popular Abstract in Swedish I allt större grad har effektivitetsbegreppet kommit i fokus i samhällsomvandlingen. I huvudsak utgår vi från att effektivitet i första hand är liktydigt med ekonomisk effektivitet. Existensen av en slags övergripande, ekonomisk "rationalitet", tas för given och har närmast karaktären av naturlag eller central, samhällelig grundbult. Under det senaste decenniet har omfaThe study takes as its starting point the far-reaching organizational changes that have occurred within the public sector in Sweden, particularly the public health care sector, during the last decade. The aim of achieving efficacy has been an important driving force in these processes, which often concern mergers or reductions in personnel that are regarded as a route to success. Paradoxically, Sw
Popular Abstract in Swedish I denna studie utvecklas olika begrepp och samband mellan dessa begrepp (en teoretisk referensram) för att beskriva och förklara relationer mellan långivare och låntagare i landsbygdsbaserade små företag och de förhållanden i omgivningen som påverkar dessa relationer. Referensramen tillämpas på Bangladesh betonar särskilt den roll som islamska banker har. Teorier från iThis study is characterized by its development of an analytical framework for describing and explaining the lender-borrower financing relationships of rural-based small and cottage industries by including contextual conditions. It applies this framework to the socio- environmental conditions of Bangladesh with special emphasis on the role of Islamic banks. A theoretical framework based on institu
Popular Abstract in Swedish Under senare år har de högsta domstolarna i Norden i ett antal uppmärksammade avgöranden åsidosatt lagar, som stått i strid med respektive lands grundlag eller med EKMR. En omdebatterad fråga är om domstolarna har gått för långt – eller om de har väntat för länge med att ta på sig denna uppgift. I denna bok sätts de nordiska domarnas uppgift att kritiskt granska lagarsIn recent years, the supreme courts in the Nordic countries have set aside statutes as contrary to the constitution of the country or to the ECHR. A much debated question is whether the courts have gone too far – or if they have waited too long to take on this task. In this dissertation, the task of Nordic judges to critically examine the compatibility of legislation with constitutional norms is
Popular Abstract in Swedish På de allra flesta arbetsplatser utsätts arbetstagarna för risker, och de kemiska hälsoriskerna utgör en omfattande del av dessa. Till exempel är det många som får astma orsakad av exponeringar i arbetsmiljön. En vanlig orsak till yrkesrelaterade luftvägsbesvär är exponering för isocyanater. Isocyanater är små reaktiva (instabila) ämnen som används i polymerindustrin föExposure to isocyanates may induce disorders in the airways of workers. Therefore, application, development and validation of methods for exposure assessment is of great importance. In the present study, we have determined the personal air and biomarker levels of isocyanates for a group of occupationally exposed workers (n=170) in different types of industrial processes. Also, the biomarker levels
Due to the increasing power requirement and the limited available space in vehicles, placing the heat exchanger at the roof or the underbody of vehicles might increase the possibility to handle the cooling requirement. A new configuration of the heat exchanger has to be developed to accommodate with the position change. In this paper, a countercurrent heat exchanger is developed for position on th
Popular Abstract in Swedish En typisk egenskap för de flesta proteiner är att de kan binda specifikt och reversibelt till olika ämnen. Välkända exempel är enzymer som kan binda till olika substrat och inhibitorer samt antikroppar som binder till antigen. Under min tid som doktorand vid avdelningen för mikrobiologisk ekologi vid Lunds universitet har jag studerat en grupp av proteiner i svamp som kLectins defined as non-enzyme, non-immunoglobulin carbohydrate binding proteins, have been found in a wide variety of viruses, bacteria, fungi, plants and animals. Although lectins have been purified from more than 60 different species of fungi, the structure and biological functions of these proteins are not well known. I examined the molecular structure of a lectin (designated AOL) isolated from
