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ABSTRACT:

Chronic inflammation is together with excessive contraction of the airways key features of asthma. The aims of the thesis were to analyze the effect of inflammatory mediators on airway smooth muscle, using an in vitro model of cultured murine airways. Additionally, nasal administration of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) to allergic patients was used to evaluate the contribution of LPS to pulmonary infla

This chapter presents methods for analysing interdependencies in critical infrastructures. In general, there are three groups of methods for analysing interdependencies; (1) conceptual, (2) model and simulation and (3) empirical and knowledge-based approaches. Examples of methods belonging to these groups are presented. The latter part of the chapter discusses challenges related to modelling, focu

Although brain tumors are classified and treated based upon their histology, the molecular factors involved in the development of various tumor types remain unknown. In this study, we show that the type and order of genetic events directs the development of gliomas, central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumors, and atypical teratoid/rhabdoid-like tumors from postnatal mouse neural stem/

Heterozygous mutations in GATA2 underlie different syndromes, previously described as monocytopenia and mycobacterial avium complex infection (MonoMAC); dendritic cell, monocytes, B- and NK lymphocytes deficiency (DCML); lymphedema, deafness and myelodysplasia (Emberger syndrome) and familiar myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia (MDS / AML). Onset and severity of clinical symptoms vary

The LKB1 tumour suppressor kinase phosphorylates and activates a number of protein kinases belonging to the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) subfamily. We have used a modified tandem affinity purification strategy to identify proteins that interact with AMPKalpha, as well as the twelve AMPK-related kinases that are activated by LKB1. The AMPKbeta and AMPKgamma regulatory subunits were associate

Conflicting results have been reported of the long-term effects of treatment with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) on bone. The objective of this study was to compare ICS users and non-users regarding bone mineral density (BMD) in a large population. A total of 65 225 adults participated in a cross-sectional study in the Nord-Trondelag Health Study 1995-1997. Those reporting asthma or asthma-related

Background: The potential doubling time of a tumor has been suggested to be a measurement of tumor aggressiveness; therefore, it is of interest to find reliable methods to estimate this time. Because of variability in length of the various cell cycle phases, stochastic modeling of the cell cycle might be a suitable approach. Methods: The relative movement curve and the DNA synthesis time were esti

Emergency medicine service (EMS) systems in the five Nordic Countries have more similarities than differences. One similarity is the involvement of anaesthesiologists as pre-hospital physicians and their strong participation for all critically ill and injured patients in-hospital. Discrepancies do exist, however, especially within the ground and air ambulance service, and the EMS systems face seve

We present Auger spectroscopy studies of large krypton clusters excited by soft x-ray photons with energies on and just above the 3d(5/2) ionization threshold. The deexcitation spectra contain new features as compared to the spectra measured both below and far above threshold. Possible origins of these extra features, which stay at constant kinetic energies, are discussed: (1) normal Auger process

Operational release planning (ORP) is concerned with assigning human resources to development tasks in software projects such that a defined set of product features can be completed under given constraints. In this paper, we present a simulation-based approach to study the impact of uncertainty. Uncertainty parameters considered in this paper are related to the features themselves (functionality,

We report the observation of antibunched emission from single self-assembled InAs quantum dots under various conditions. We have measured the correlation function of the photon emission pertaining to single emission lines from single quantum dots under continuous and pulsed laser excitation, as well as under continuous white light excitation. The measurements were performed under different excitat

Purpose: The choice of treatment for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) is still primarily based on the tumor-node-metastasis classification. However, it is reasonable to believe that biological profiles of SCCHN may be independently associated with response to therapy. The aim of the present study was to examine genetic changes and gene expression profiles that might correlate w

BACKGROUND/AIM: Vasopressin and oxytocin are closely related peptides, and both exert effects on the gastrointestinal function. In the present study, we wanted to map the expression of vasopressin receptor mRNAs (V1a, V1b/V3, and V2) in nontumorous tissue biopsy specimens of human gastrointestinal tract and surrounding tissues. METHODS: Total and polyA+ RNAs were isolated from human tissue biopsy

This case-control study of tobacco smoking and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), emphasizing specific associations with morphologic and cytogenetic subtypes, comprised smoking histories for 333 cases and 351 controls. Smoking status (ever smokers versus life-long non-smokers) showed no evident effect on AML risk. However, an effect of smoking was indicated at high cumulative smoking doses (pack-years)

We, present a one-step technology for fabrication of Topas-based lab-on-a-chip (LOC) microsysterris by the use of thermal nanoimprint lithography (NIL). The technology is demonstrated by the fabrication of two working devices: a particle separator and a LOC with integrated optics for absorbance measurements. These applications demonstrate the fabrication of millimeter to micrometer-sized structure

Purpose: To provide a guideline curriculum covering theoretical and practical aspects of education and training for medical physicists in radiotherapy within Europe. Material and methods: Guidelines have been developed for the specialist theoretical knowledge and practical experience required to practice as a medical physicist in radiotherapy. It is assumed that the typical entrant into training w

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) inhibits proliferation and promotes the migration of primordial germ cells (PGCs) towards explants of gonadal ridges in vitro. However, its effects in vivo are still unclear. Here, we analyzed the behavior of PGCs in embryos lacking TGF beta signaling via the type I receptor ALK5. TGF beta in vivo was neither a chemoattractant for PGCs, nor did it affect

Background The study examined client factors of relevance in the establishment of helping alliance and in the prediction of dropout from a routine psychiatric setting admitting a variety of diagnoses and staffed with a multiprofessional team. Method Newly admitted patients (n=122) and staff completed questionnaires regarding helping alliance, and the patients also completed questionnaires regardin