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Theoretical and empirical studies of reinforcement have advanced our understanding of speciation, yet its role in polymorphic species remains understudied. Because morphs differ in behavior, morphology, and reproductive strategies, reinforcement may act unevenly among them, generating asymmetric reproductive isolation. We tested this prediction in the polymorphic damselflies Ischnura elegans and I
Activation of the kynurenine pathway (KP) with resulting accumulation of neuroactive metabolites may be a downstream pathophysiological mechanism of inflammatory depression. The aims of this study were to investigate KP metabolites in inflammatory depression compared to non-inflammatory depression and healthy controls, and whether these metabolites change with nutraceutical interventions with pote
An experiment to search for new excited states in the proton-rich nucleus57Cu was performed at the Heavy Ion Laboratory of the University of Warsaw. This nucleus, with one valence proton outside the doubly magic56Ni core, offers a sensitive test of Shell Model predictions in interplay with collective effects, and its structure is essential for the production of heavier elements in the astrophysica
International research collaboration is essential for tackling global challenges, many of which disproportionately affect low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), while scientific capital remains concentrated in high-income countries (HICs). Drawing on CRediT contributorship data from 2018–2023 and past and present author affiliations, we examine how labor is divided in teams between researchers
There are fungi whose delectability and even whose shift from toxicity to edibility depends on preparation in the kitchen. The milkcaps Lactarius rufus and Lactarius trivialis and the false morel Gyromitra esculenta are three such mushrooms. The former two will burn your tongue if nibbled raw, and may bring on stomach-ache if not boiled prior to further cooking. The latter could kill you if it is
The visual system can exploit knowledge about temporal contexts in two ways. Attractive serial dependence (SD) can facilitate stability by biasing current stimulus judgments toward recent stimulus history, while repulsive SD can promote change detection by biasing current judgments away from recent stimulus history. This study investigated the co-occurrence of repulsive and attractive SD across fa
Domestic outsourcing is often presented as a way to reduce unpaid work, ease work-family conflict, and promote gender equality. However, it remains unclear whether outsourcing domestic services changes how individuals divide their time between paid work, housework, childcare, and other forms of unpaid work. This paper examines the relationship between domestic outsourcing and time use
Fear-based disorders affect millions worldwide, yet current treatments show limited effectiveness for many patients. While mindfulness is increasingly used clinically for anxiety and trauma disorders, the neural mechanisms underlying its effects on fear processing remain unclear. We conducted a randomized controlled trial using 7T fMRI to test whether mindfulness training enhances fear extinction
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) may reach effect concentrations in aquatic environments and disrupt serotonergic signalling in non-target invertebrates, yet mechanistic understanding remains limited. This study aimed to 1) explore the measurability of a key event associated with serotonin reuptake inhibition within a putative Adverse Outcome Pathway for SSRIs, 2) evaluate the feasi
Background Frailty is an important predictor of outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). The NOTION-3 (Third Nordic Aortic Valve Intervention) trial demonstrated that performing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in addition to TAVR reduced the risk for major adverse cardiac events (MACE). Whether this benefit applie
The PRICKLE2 gene encodes a protein implicated in the non-canonical Wnt signalling pathway and in the regulation of planar cell polarity, although its precise biological functions remain incompletely understood. To date, only few PRICKLE2 mutations have been reported, and these have been associated with diverse clinical phenotypes, including autism spectrum disorders, epilepsy, and neurodevelopmen
AbstractBackgroundThe increasing prevalence of obesity has led to a rise in bariatric surgery as an effective intervention for weight loss and associated co-morbidities. However, concerns persist regarding increased alcohol consumption after surgery.ObjectivesTo objectively assess long-term changes in alcohol use after bariatric surgery, we used the highly specific alcohol biomarker phosphatidylet
Despite generous welfare and family policies, Sweden has a sizeable positive socioeconomic gradient in fertility; those with higher incomes have more children than those with lower incomes. While this positive socioeconomic gradient in fertility is not a new phenomenon in Sweden, a similar shift towards a positive fertility gradient is more recently seen in other high-income countries as well. Amo
Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have renewed debates about the future of leadership, in particular the nature of the relationship between human leaders and intelligent machines. The literature tends to portrays human-machine relations in complementary terms: the machine does the data analysis and the number crunching while the leader makes the decisions, guided by their unique visi
In this article, we investigate how wealth evolved across social classes following land-encroachment policies implemented in Sonora in the late nineteenth century. Using a database of will inventories from Sonora, we find that the upper class saw large wealth gains following a policy shift, enabling encroachment, but not for other social groups. This indicates that access to previously indigenous
Introduction: This study investigates clinical reported challenges and ethical-professional considerations related to the use of the International Trauma Interview (ITI) and International Trauma Exposure Measure (ITEM) with trauma-affected refugees in Denmark. These instruments were implemented in 2023 across several Danish refugee rehabilitation clinics to screen for trauma and assess ICD-11 PTSD
This thesis examines how community-based disaster risk reduction (CBDRR) generates peace-positive outcomes in displacement-affected communities, focused on how shared natural resources and environmental risks shape these dynamics. Designed as a qualitative multiple case study focused on Iraq and South Sudan, it draws on interviews and documents to examine the conditions under which, and the proces
With approximately 94 percent of traffic accidents being caused by human error, improving driver behaviour has the potential to save lives. To encourage safer driving, Volvo Cars is developing a Safety Coach feature for their mobile application. However, pilot studies of a minimum viable product (MVP) indicated low user retention, suggesting the need for design elements that better support user en
Uppsatsen undersöker de rättsliga förutsättningarna för förlängt uppehållstillstånd för unga vuxna som tidigare beviljats uppehållstillstånd som barn på grund av anknytning till en förälder som är bosatt i Sverige. Syftet är att analysera den rättsutveckling som lett fram till situationen med tonårsutvisningar och de resultat som rättstillämpningen leder till. Migrationsöverdomstolens avgörande MIThis thesis examines the legal conditions for granting extended residence permits to young adults who were previously granted residence permits as children on the basis of family ties to a parent residing in Sweden. The purpose is to analyse the legal developments that have led to the phenomenon of “teenage deportations” and the outcomes produced by current legal practice. The Migration Court of A
Uppsatsen har som syfte att utforska hur personer med autism och personer med intellektuell funktionsvariation (IF) beskrivs i fyra större svenska nyhetstidningar. Syftet är även att jämföra beskrivningarna av personer med autism och IF med varandra. Som metod och teoretisk utgångspunkt används ramanalys som den är definierad av Robert Entman. Resultatet blev att fem ramar rörande autism kunde ide
