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Background: Randomized trials have shown that axillary clearance (AC) can safely be omitted in patients with sentinel lymph node-positive breast cancer. At the same time, de-escalation of chemotherapy in postmenopausal patients with ER+HER2− breast cancer may depend on detailed axillary nodal stage. The aim of this pre-specified secondary analysis of the SENOMAC trial was to investigate whether th

BACKGROUND Trials evaluating the omission of completion axillary-lymph-node dissection in patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer and sentinel-lymph-node metastases have been compromised by limited statistical power, uncertain nodal radiotherapy target volumes, and a scarcity of data on relevant clinical subgroups. METHODS We conducted a noninferiority trial in which patients with cli

Background: In luminal breast cancer, adjuvant CDK4/6 inhibitors (eg, abemaciclib) improve invasive disease-free survival. In patients with T1–2, grade 1–2 tumours, and one or two sentinel lymph node metastases, completion axillary lymph node dissection (cALND) is the only prognostic tool available that can reveal four or more nodal metastases (pN2–3), which is the only indication for adjuvant abe

This chapter surveys the history of natural law in Denmark from the reformation to the eighteenth century, with a special focus on its significance for the development of a universal or general church law. It shows that the Danish theologian Niels Hemmingsen developed a rationalist theory of natural law based on human nature. In line with his teacher Philipp Melanchthon, this was the basis for a r

The rescript of 1688 granted the bishop and superintendent Theodorus Thorlacius (Latinised form of Þórður Þorláksson) permission to print Norwegian and Icelandic historical and antiquarian works, demonstrating the growing interest in Old Norse culture in the Scandinavian countries in the seventeenth century. The printing of Icelandic histories illustrates not only the growth and importance of prin

Joachim Wielandt’s petition for a privilege to print and sell 97 different books for 30 years (22 July 1721) and the following report by the University Consistory reveal the increasingly complex dynamic between royal policies and market realities in Denmark-Norway at the beginning of the eighteenth century. Read together, the petition and report highlight how ownership of printed texts was negotia

In scenarios coined Maxwell's demon, information on microscopic degrees of freedom is used to seemingly violate the second law of thermodynamics. This has been studied in the classical as well as the quantum domain. In this paper, we study an implementation of Maxwell's demon that can operate in both domains. In particular, we investigate information-to-work conversion over the quantum-to-classica

Anticancer drugs can be delivered more efficiently to tumor sites with fewer side effects by utilizing magnetic nanoparticles. In this research detailed examinations of the effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) on microstructure, size distribution, morphology, magnetic performance and coating of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CFO) were conducted. CFO nanoparticles were functionalized by PEG under dif

Severe babesiosis with 9.8% parasitemia was diagnosed in a patient in the Netherlands who had previously undergone splenectomy. We confirmed Babesia venatorum using PCR and sequencing. B. venatorum was also the most prevalent species in Ixodes ricinus ticks collected around the patient's home. Our findings warrant awareness for severe babesiosis in similar patients.

The spread of tick-borne disease (TBD) is escalating globally, driven by climate change and socio-economic shifts, underlining the urgency to improve surveillance, diagnostics, and control strategies. Ticks can transmit a range of pathogens increasing the risk of transmission of human and veterinary diseases such as Lyme disease, tick-borne encephalitis, theileriosis, anaplasmosis, or Crimean-Cong

In the 1980ies much effort was made to get a, till then, unknown Viking Age silver hoard into the University Museum of Lund for registration. It was a large hoard consisting of over 900 coins, jewelry and hacksilver. We succeeded to have the hoard on display a few days in 1986.Thereafter the hoard was collected again by the finders and its further destiny is unknown. This is very much to regret asIn the 1980s much effort was made to get an, until then, unknown Viking Age silver hoard into the University Museum of Lund for registration. It was a large hoard consisting of over 900 coins, jewelry and hacksilver. We succeeded to have the hoard on display a few days in 1986.Thereafter the hoard was collected again by the finders and it

Background: Production of anti-phosphatidylserine (anti-PS) antibodies has been associated with malaria and can aggravate pathology. How these autoantibodies develop during early childhood in a malaria context is not known. We examined levels of anti-PS IgG and IgM antibodies in a longitudinal cohort of mother-baby pairs during birth, in the infants at 2.5, 6 months, and in mothers and their babie

A Python package to evaluate Wannier, Wannier–Stark, and EZ (both energy and location Z resolved) levels for quantum cascade lasers is presented. We provide the underlying theory in detail with a focus on the orthonormality and periodicity of the generated states.

Debattartikel

In-situ remediation through the injection of bioremediation fluids is becoming increasingly common for treating contaminated sites. Contaminants are targeted for treatment either directly at the source zone or through injections that form a permeable reactive barrier to prevent further transport of the contaminants. Commonly, multiple injections are performed in a grid covering an area of strategi