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The endothelin receptor antagonist atrasentan improved kidney outcomes in the SONAR trial for type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (NCT01858532), though individual responses varied. To identify molecular biomarkers of atrasentan response and outcome, we conducted a nested case-control proteomics study (N = 180) within the SONAR trial population and identified urinary clusterin (uCLU) as the
Background-beta-Adrenergic stimulation is the main trigger for cardiac events in type 1 long-QT syndrome (LQT1). We evaluated a possible association between ion channel response to beta-adrenergic stimulation and clinical response to beta-blocker therapy according to mutation location. Methods and Results-The study sample comprised 860 patients with genetically confirmed mutations in the KCNQ1 cha
BACKGROUND: To minimize the risk of pneumonia, many anesthesiologists delay anesthesia-requiring procedures when patients exhibit signs of viral upper respiratory tract infection. Postinfluenza secondary bacterial pneumonias (SBPs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. An increased host susceptibility to SBP postinfluenza has been attributed to physical damage to the pulmonary epithelium,
Presents a new view of the standard of living development in Sweden during the agricultural revolution, using evidence on the ability to overcome short-term economic stress. The results corroborate previous findings, based on a variety of indicators, that standard of living in Sweden increased for most people after the mid-nineteenth century, but also support a more negative view of the immediate
The demographic patterns in developing countries have significantly changed in the recent few decades due to the impact of urbanization. The urbanization process has created new challenges; and the enormous divide between haves and have nots has become a defining feature of contemporary urban spaces. The advent of neo liberal globalisation and the integration of developing countries in to the glob
Our research uses advanced technology to generate neurons from novel cell sources with the aim to extensively define the subtype and function of the generated neurons and their potential for therapeutic use in the future. For this we are using reprogramming technology in animal models or human stem cell culture system, together with electrophysiology, RNA sequencing, tracing technologies and cell
This project aims to develop incretin therapy as a glucose-reducing strategy in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Its particular focus is to understand the mechanisms of incretin therapy and to optimize its clinical positioning. This mission is achieved by an interdisciplinary approach with complementary studies in subjects with T2D, healthy volunteers and experimental animals.
Background: As part of a larger study whose objective is to develop an abbreviated version of the EORTC QLQ-C30 suitable for research in palliative care, analyses were conducted to determine the feasibility of generating a shorter version of the 4-item emotional functioning (EF) scale that could be scored in the original metric. Methods: We used data from 24 European cancer studies conducted in 10
Malaria-induced sepsis is associated with an intense proinflammatory cytokinemia for which the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. It has been demonstrated that experimental infection of humans with Plasmodium falciparum primes Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated proinflammatory responses. Nevertheless, the relevance of this phenomenon during natural infection and, more importantly, the mec
The anticoagulant warfarin is commonly monitored with prothrombin time (PT). Viscoelastic haemostatic assays (VHA) are primarily used in situations of acute bleeding to guide haemostatic therapy. Much research has focused on VHA monitoring of new oral anticoagulants. However, many patients are still anticoagulated with warfarin and effect of warfarin anticoagulation on VHA is uncertain. The aim of
Selective herbivory of palatable plant species provides a competitive advantage for unpalatable plant species, which often have slow growth rates and produce slowly decomposable litter. We hypothesized that through a shift in the vegetation community from palatable, deciduous dwarf shrubs to unpalatable, evergreen dwarf shrubs, selective herbivory may counteract the increased shrub abundance that
Bacterial infections spanning from local wound infections, affecting patients with non-healing leg ulcers, postoperative wounds or burns, to severe infections and sepsis, are significant medical problems. Today's anti-infective treatments do not address the excessive activation of inflammatory pathways during infection and sepsis, and resistance problems are increasing. Hence, there is a huge unm
Background: Positron emission tomography (PET) response criteria in solid tumours (PERCIST 1.0) is a systematic assessment of therapy response with fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) PET. The ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM) and block sequential regularized expectation maximization (BSREM) reconstruction algorithms are both commonly used. The impact of using OSEM or BSREM on P
A century after its inception, agroecology has entered mainstream development debates as a more sustainable alternative to conventional agricultural modernization of relevance not least for improving smallholder agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa. Agroecology is a broad concept considered to have transformative potential, yet as a research field it has often been technology-centred and focused at t
This thesis presents models and methods for feedback-based resource management for cyber-physical systems. Common for the scenarios considered are severe resource constraints, uncertain and time-varying conditions and the goal of enabling flexibility in systems design rather than restricting it. A brief survey on reservation-based scheduling, an important enabling technology for this thesis, is pr
