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Den reklam som användare möter på internet är idag ofta anpassad och utvald för att överensstämma med dennes intressen. För att erbjuda sådan individuellt riktad reklam använder adtechsektorn metoder som bygger på en storskalig kartläggning av användares onlineaktiviteter. Vanligen är det en tredje part till den tjänst som användaren faktiskt nyttjar som ansvarar för och utför den här kartläggningToday, internet users often face advertising that is tailored and selected to match their interests. To offer such targeted advertising the adtech sector use methods that rely on a large scale tracking of users’ internet activities. In most cases this tracking is performed by a third party to the service that the user is accessing. This makes it hard for individuals to know what information is col

Denna uppsats behandlar frågan om i vilken utsträckning en utomterritoriell attack eller våldsanvändning utförd av en stat mot en terrororganisation kan legitimeras genom självförsvarsinstitutet i folkrätten. Frågan har aktualiserats i samband med insatser av flera av FN:s medlemsländer mot terrororganisationen Islamiska Staten i Irak och Syrien under åberopande av en rätt till självförsvar. Den rThis essay addresses the question of to what extent the right to self-defense under international law can be used to legitimize the use of force against terrorist organizations. The issue has arisen in connection to the joint efforts by several UN member states against the terrorist organization the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria. Several states invoked the right to self-defense to legitimize the

The fashion industry is one of the largest industries in the world, a multibillion dollar industry on the manufacturing and selling of clothes. With the rise of social media and digitalization of fashion, meaning that brands are carrying over to digital means of showcasing their products like social media, fashion trends have never been more accessible to the general market than ever. However, the

Cities will contain 70% of global populations by 2050, signalling the need to pursue solution-oriented approaches for sustainability challenges. Urban Living Labs are emerging as solution-based interventions, and share commonalities with efforts of sustainability science to broaden research for societal change alongside various actor sets. Currently there is a recognised lack of dedicated research

The fermented tea beverage kombucha is a traditional drink that has been consumed for thousands of years in Asia. Over the past decades, it has gained greatly in popularity amongst consumers and researchers also in the rest of the world. Kombucha is produced through fermentation of sweetened tea by a complex community of bacteria, mainly dominated by acetic acid bacteria, and a variety of yeast. D

Title – Using Lean Practices to Develop Improvement Suggestions for a Warehouse: A case study of a company in the perishables industry Author – Leon Liljeqvist Supervisor – Joakim Kembro, Division of Engineering Logistics, Faculty of Engineering – LTH, Lund University Purpose – The purpose of this thesis is to improve the turnover of goods at the most prominent locations in the warehouse's

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop an understanding of consumers' perception of heritage in luxury brands online. This will be investigated from a consumer perceived value perspective, with regard to the following aspects of value; social, economic, functional and affective. Methodology: An epistemological and ontological foundation guides the research approach of qualitative so

The growing number of African Presidents on Twitter affirms that media, in all its forms, will always play a fundamental role in contemporary politics. Moreover, based on its face value, the presence of Presidents on Twitter could suggest that citizens are gaining unprecedented access to their president. But, this thesis contends that the newness of Twitter should not blind us into thinking that t

Den svenska aktiebolagsrätten ger upphov till ett antal intressekonflikter mellan olika parter. En av dessa intressekonflikter är mellan aktieägarna och företagsledningen, där företagsledningen kan ha incitament att driva företaget på ett sätt som strider mot aktieägarnas bästa intresse. Kompe-tensfördelningen i aktiebolag är uppställt på så sätt att ägandet och kontrol-len för aktiebolaget kan i Swedish company law gives rise to several conflicts of interests between different parties. One of the conflicts of interest is between shareholders and the company management, where the latter may have incentives to run the company in a way that does not align with the best interests of the shareholders. The distribution of decision-making powers in the company is also set up in such way that own

I uppsatsen granskas Europakonventionen i syfte att undersöka om det kan finnas positiva materiella skyldigheter kopplade till klimatförändringar samt rätten till liv och hälsa uttryckta i artikel 2 och 8 i konventionen. Den börjar med att sammanställa hur en positiv materiell skyldighet kopplad till Europakonventionen uppkommer. Slutsatsen är att det krävs ett hot om kränkning av rätten till liv This thesis examines the ECHR with the aim of exploring the possible existence of positive substantive obligations connected to climate change and pertaining to the right to life and right to health as expressed in article 2 and 8 of the Convention. It departs by compiling how a positive substantive obligation is found in the ECHR system. It concludes that there must be a threat of harm to the rig

En leverantör som upplever att den upphandlande myndigheten har gjort avsteg från föreskrifterna i upphandlingsdokumenten och/eller från det upphandlingsrättsliga regelverket, har en vidsträckt möjlighet att ansöka om överprövning av upphandlingen. Under de senaste åren har dock en rad åtgärder vidtagits i syfte att göra den svenska överprövningsprocessen mer effektiv och förutsebar. Bland annat hA tenderer who feels that the contracting authority has deviated from the specifications in the procurement documents and/or is in breach of the procurement legislation, has a vast opportunity to apply for a review procedure. However, during the last couple of years, several actions have been taken with the aim of making the Swedish review procedure more efficient and predictable. For instance, re

Product development in the automotive industry is characterized by a high demand on short lead times and efficient use of resources. This is no different for Volvo Bus Corporation, the second largest manufacturer of buses and bus chassis in the world, whose global product development organization is under pressure to find new ways to meet an increased amount of projects along with requirements on

Uppsatsens syfte är att utreda vilka möjligheter det finns att ingå ett avtal trots parts passivitet. Begreppet passivitet används i betydelsen underlåtenhet att agera när part, under en process till synes syftande till att avtal ska ingås, normalt kan förväntas agera genom en positiv viljeförklaring, ett nekande eller ett förtydligande. Innan passivitetsfrågan behandlas närmare presenteras den The purpose of this essay is to investigate the possibilities of entering into a binding agreement despite the passivity of one of the parties. The term passivity is used to denote the lack of action when a party, during a process with the apparent aim of entering into an agreement, typically can be expected to act through a declaration of intent, a refusal or a clarification. Before a closer en

Även om monopol eller en dominerande ställning på marknaden i sig inte anses utgöra ett missbruk i konkurrensrättslig mening, bär ett företag med stark marknadsposition ett särskilt ansvar för att inte begå konkurrensbegränsande handlingar. När konkurrensrätten ingriper i ett dominerande förtags handlingar bör så ske med åtanke av de underliggande överväganden som ligger till grund för konkurrensrEven though competition law will not regard dominance and monopoly as abusive per se, an undertaking with strong market power carries a certain responsibility not to engage in anti- competitive conducts on the market. When competition law is interfering in the conducts of dominators, it is important to take into account the underlying considerations of, on one hand, preservation of efficient compe

Denna uppsats behandlar några av de frågetecken som uppkommer vid tillämpningen av artikel 102 i Fördraget om Europeiska unionens funktionssätt i förhållande till evergreening av läkemedelspatent. Begreppet evergreening syftar till ett flertal olika patentstrategier som har för avsikt att förlänga den privilegierade position som en patenthavare åtnjuter när hans eller hennes produkt skyddas av ensThis thesis identifies some of the uncertainties surrounding the application of Article 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) to evergreening of pharmaceutical patens. The concept of ever¬greening refers to a multitude of strategies adopted by patent holders with the aim to extend the privileged position that the patentee holds due to this exclusive right. Evergreening

Background: Current consumption levels of animal products (APs) are unsustainable but measures to reduce their consumption are lacking. Simultaneously, APs are widely perceived as healthy which hinders their substitution with other foods. The AP-industry might influence AP consumption as they have the necessary financial means, the interest and the organizational capacity. Objective: To investiga

Following the UNHCR:s launch of the #IBelong Campaign to End Statelessness by 2024 in November 2014, a Global Action Plan to End Statelessness: 2014 – 2024 was adopted urging states to undertake ten actions to end statelessness, including to facilitate the naturalization of stateless migrants. While the facilitated naturalization of stateless persons would certainly reduce the occurrence of statel

Objective: To investigate whether tandem gait test (TG) can predict future falls and/or near falls in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Background: People with PD have balance problems and an increased risk for falls. Although TG has been considered a predictor of falls, no PD-study has controlled results for demographic and disease-specific characteristics or included near falls when investig

The extensive and very deep ?Jurassic/Cretaceous–Palaeogene sedimentary basins offshore West Greenland have a significant petroleum exploration potential. This is particularly true for the offshore region west of Disko and Nuussuaq where a live petroleum system has been documented for many years. At present, stratigraphic knowledge in this area is almost nonexistent and analogue studies from onsho