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The main purpose of this dissertation is to describe how terminally ill patients experienced their situation, and what their views about the future were. Further, the experiences and attitudes of relatives of such patients, and of health care professionals, were also central. Focus was on existential issues, such as autonomy, meaning, guilt, relations, dignity, and communication. In the first pape
Popular Abstract in Swedish Mineraler fås från både fast och flytande föda. De senaste årtiondena har bordsvattenkonsumtionen ökat, och vattnets kemiska innehåll har alltmer kommit i fokus. Studier visar dessutom att grönsakers mineralinnehåll har minskat, vilket ökar betydelsen av mineralintag från annat håll. Den här doktorsavhandlingen omfattar fyra olika studier. I den första studien undersökMineral elements in drinking water have been in focus for more than a decade, especially as the habit of drinking bottled water has increased, not the least among young people. Minerals in drinking water have become more important since minerals in food, especially in vegetables, have decreased substantially the last decades. This thesis includes four different studies. In the first study 20 munic
This book hopes to offer an insight into the threats facing the vernacular buildings that survive in the Egyptian Western Desert. It offers a guide to those who wish to get involved in rescuing these buildings, those who re-use them and those who care for them. The first part of the book opens with an overview of the problems experienced in places that are only now becoming vulnerable to the rapid
Popular Abstract in Swedish På grund av den förutspådda energi krisen som föranleds av att oljan tar slut, är det viktigt att söka efter alternativa energikällor. Att utnyttja solljuset via en artificiell fotosyntes är en intressant möjlighet. Det långsiktiga målet för forskning på detta område är att bygga molekylära och/eller fasta material som kan använda solljus för att dela vatten i dess bestDue to the predicted energy crisis when fossil fuels will be exhausted it is important to search for alternative energy sources. Utilizing sunlight via artificial photosynthesis is an interesting possibility. The long-term goal for research in this area is to design and build molecular and/or solid state systems that can use sunlight to split water and produce fuel (e.g. hydrogen). Nature tells us
Concerns have been raised about the marketization of science through the prevailing funding regime. However, the present article will discuss how it comes that the potentially marketable stem cell science is not more commercialized than what is currently the case. We approach this question by analysing discursive pluralism in defining the value of stem cells within a grant allocation process. More
It is important that the costs and effort in making a Virtual Reality (VR) model support its purpose in the specific context in which it is used. The present research aims to clarify which properties in VR-models contribute to improved experience of aspects of the model that are relevant in the use context and which therefore improve the models’ usability in the social processes of which they are
This thesis concerns the prediction of the fluid mechanical conditions in some specific large vessels in the human body. Large vessels are special in the way that the Reynolds number is relatively high and in the case of arteries the flow is pulsatile. The aim is to contribute to the knowledge of flow patterns in large vessels, and ways to predict and measure fluid mechanical parameters such as sh
Popular Abstract in Swedish Öbiogeografi och populationsdifferentiering hos Skyros murödla Hur den fantastiska variationen som finns i naturen bildas är en fråga som länge fascinerat biologer. För mer än 150 år sedan inledde två välkända biologer, Charles Darwin och Alfred Russel Wallace, en brevväxling som skulle komma att bli startskottet för ett paradigmskifte. De hade båda fått idén om naturlIslands are cradles for new biodiversity and provide natural laboratories for the study of population divergence. In my thesis, I investigated the role of different evolutionary processes in the population divergence in the Skyros wall lizard (Podarcis gaigeae), a species where islet populations have strongly diverged morphologies. I used replicate islet populations and their respective most proxi
In the thesis, three-dimensionally confined resonant tunneling structures were studied experimentally. Two approaches were used for obtaining quantum confinement: gate-defined lateral constriction of double barrier structures, and epitaxial growth of self-assembled quantum dots. In addition, the thesis deals with the basic development of large-area double barrier resonant tunneling diodes, as a st
The importance of carbohydrates in biological systems has become evident during the last fifty years. It is well known that pathogenic bacteria and viruses attach to glycoconjugates present at mammalian cell surfaces, and that this attachment is a prerequisite for the later stages of infection. Obviously, this interaction is interesting as a target for the development of novel ways to treat bacter
This is a thesis in Criminal Law, with the overall purpose to present an analysis of the legitimacy of the development in the criminal law area that has occurred within the framework of the European Union (EU). More specifically, the thesis will focus on the question of legitimacy of legislative power in criminal matters at the EU level – a question which ultimately is one concerned with the legit
Popular Abstract in Swedish Hydrosilyleringsreaktionen är formellt en addition av en hydrosilan till ett omättat system. Reaktionen är oftast katalyserad av en övergångsmetall, och i denna process är det möjligt att påverka på vilket sätt additionen sker. Denna avhandling är en sammanfattning av fyra artiklar som behandlar regio-, stereo- och kemoselektivitet vid addition av hydrosilaner till konjThis thesis is a summary of four papers concerning various aspects on the transition metal catalysed hydrosilylation of 1,3-dienes. The hydrosilylation reaction is formally an addition of a hydrosilane to an unsaturated system and depending on the reaction conditions, control of stereo-, regio-, and chemo-selectivity can be achieved. Optically active heterobidentate P,N ligands were synthesised f
Popular Abstract in English Cells are the basic unit of life that exhibit dependence on water and ambient temperature to flourish and survive. So it is remarkable that the proteins responsible for the interaction of water and heat with the cell were not discovered until relatively recently. It was assumed for decades that water freely diffuse into and out of the cells without support. The cells arMembrane proteins play several important roles in a cell. Among these proteins are aquaporins (AQPs) and transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels that mediate water transport, temperature and noxious chemical sensation, respectively. The function of some AQPs, for example the spinach isoform SoPIP2;1 is regulated by pH, phosphorylation and heavy metals such as mercury. However, the mechanis
Directions are given for demonstrating various topics from the other book chapters: The wave-nature of light, singlet oxygen, chromatic adaptation of cyanobacteria, the properties of the human visual system, photoconversion of rhodopsin, photosynthesis of previtamin D, spectral properties of chlorophyll, photoconversion of protochlorophyllide, separation of chloroplast pigments, photoadaptation of
It is shown how tilt anisoplanatism in laser-supported multi-conjugatedadaptive optics (MCAO) systems can be a) predicted from a prioriknowledge, b) compensated using additional natural guide stars (NGS),and c) estimated in real time from control loop data to allow PSFretrieval. As a consequence of the problems associated with retrievingatmospheric tip and tilt from laser guide star (LGS) measurem
The development of selective sorbents for the separation of various molecules, preferentially biomolecules, is described in this work. Affinity ligands were immobilized on small silica particles and used in high-performance liquid affinity chromatography (HPLAC). With this technique, it is possible to perform fast, selective and efficient bioseparations. Methods were developed for the preparation
Stem cell-based cell replacement therapies aiming at restoring injured or diseased brain function ultimately rely on the capability of transplanted cells to promote functional recovery. The mechanisms by which stem cell-based therapies for neurological conditions can lead to functional recovery are uncertain, but structural and functional repair appears to depend on integration of transplanted cel
Self-catalyzed growth of axial InxGa1-xAs/GaAs heterostructures has been realized by molecular beam epitaxy. The growth of the wires is achieved from gallium/indium alloy droplets that are nucleated in situ. By variation of the In/Ga beam flux during the growth it was possible to vary the effective indium content up to x = 5%, as deduced from photoluminescence measurements. We have analyzed the de
