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BACKGROUND: Opioids are still widely prescribed to long-term pain patients although they are no longer recommended for long-term treatments due to poor evidence for long-term efficacy, risks of serious side effects, and the possibility of inducing opioid hyperalgesia. In a Cochrane study from 2017, the authors identified an urgent need for more randomized controlled trials investigating the effici
ELI Beamlines is a rapidly progressing pillar of the pan-European Extreme Light Infrastructure (ELI) project focusing on the development and deployment of science driven by high-power lasers for user operations. This work reports the results of a commissioning run of a water-jet plasma X-ray source driven by the L1 Allegra laser, outlining the current capabilities and future potential of the syste
One of the points on which researchers agree is the centrality of autonomy to professionalism. Moreover, a common conclusion in the studies of professions is that the profound changes in society over the last fifty years have threatened the autonomy and changed the archetype of professionalism. This paper contributes to the research on changes and continuities, challenges and opportunities for pro
Intrinsic self-healing materials have received significant attention due to the characteristic recovery after damage properties through reversible dynamic covalent and non-covalent interactions. Furthermore, functional recovery with reliable mechanical properties are highly keen as protective coatings, specifically for devices and sensors vulnerable to abrasion in severe environments. Here, we pre
In this work, selective area growth has been used for the realization of InP based photonic integrated circuits (PICs). To predict the strain, thickness and bandgap energy variations over large and high-density multifunctional arrays, it is necessary to precisely design the shapes and positions of the dielectric masks by computational modeling. To address the mask layout density and complexity in
This thesis is dedicated to the investigation of laser-plasma particle acceleration concepts. Some of the work was focused on improving electron and proton acceleration for future applications, in terms of maximizing the particle energy and minimizing the divergence of the X-ray beams. In laser wakefield acceleration, a very intense laser pulse (> 1018 W/cm2) is focused in a gas. The leading edge
In Europe, annual influenza vaccination is recommended to elderly. From 2011 to 2014 and in 2015-16, we conducted a multicentre test negative case control study in hospitals of 11 European countries to measure influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) against laboratory confirmed hospitalised influenza among people aged ≥65years. We pooled four seasons data to measure IVE by past exposures to influenz
Simultaneous localization and communication (SLAC) is a desirable feature of 5G and beyond 5G wireless networks. To be able to implement SLAC, efficient high dimensional channel estimation methods are critical. This work presents a low-complexity multidimensional channel parameter estimation via rotational invariance techniques (MD-ESPRIT). We use both the spatial smoothing and forward-backward av
Background and Purpose: Stroke is one of the dominant causes of death and adult disability in the world. There is a need for novel therapeutic approaches to improve functional recovery and outcome after stroke, and experimental studies have shown that stem cell-based therapies (SCT) hold much potential in this regard. This thesis, comprising 5 papers, aims to explore and describe clinical symptoms
PURPOSE: To develop an improved surgical technique making full-thickness retinal transplant possible, thereby achieving a normal laminated transplant with minimal rosette formation.METHODS: A total of 23 rabbits underwent vitrectomy, retinotomy, and subsequent subretinal transplant of a complete embryonic neuroretina using a specially crafted glass cannula. Of the 23 animals, 15 received a prenata
In a previous study, in order to investigate the effect of charge stratification on combustion behavior such as combustion efficiency and combustion phasing which also largely affects the emissions, an experiment was conducted in a heavy-duty compression ignition (CI) metal engine. The engine behavior and emission characteristics were studied in the transition from HCCI mode to PPC mode by varying
The Ordovician Lockne impact structure is located in central Sweden. The target lithology consisted of limestone and black unconsolidated shale overlaying a Precambrian crystalline basement. The Precambrian basement is uranium-rich, and the black shale is both uranium- and organic-rich. This circumstance makes Lockne a good candidate for testing the occurrence of U-Th-rich bitumen nodules in an im
Cloud computing technology provides the means to share physical resources among multiple users and data center ten- ants by exposing them as virtual resources. There is a strong industrial drive to use similar technology and concepts to provide timing sensitive services. One such is virtual net- working services, so called services chains, which consist of several interconnected virtual network fu
BACKGROUND: Research involving multimorbid older patients is gaining momentum. However, little is known about how to plan a randomised controlled trial (RCT) involving this group of patients. An evidence-based approach to the challenges of a recruitment process could guide researchers and help prevent underpowered trials.AIM: To define the number of multimorbid older patients that need to be ident
Background: Survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) may be at increased long-term risk of hospitalization for somatic diseases. However, large population-based cohort studies with risk estimates for survivors successfully cured without experiencing a relapse or requiring hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are lacking. Methods: Danish and Swedish patients diagnosed wit
Land ecosystems contribute to climate change mitigation by taking up approximately 30% of anthropogenically emitted carbon. However, estimates of the amount and distribution of carbon uptake across the world's ecosystems or biomes display great uncertainty. The latter hinders a full understanding of the mechanisms and drivers of land carbon uptake, and predictions of the future fate of the land ca
Purpose: We defined the yield and nature of prostate cancer in the setting of population based, randomized prostate specific antigen (PSA) guided screening in men with PSA levels between 3 and 4 ng./ml. who were 50 to 65 years old at the time of randomization. Materials and Methods: Sextant biopsies were performed in 243 men with PSA of 3 to 4 ng./ml. Therapy decisions were based on core cancer le
