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Popular Abstract in Swedish Vi är under ständig attack från mikroorganismer som vill leva på oss och i oss. Vissa av dessa är vanligtvis nyttiga medan andra är sjukdomsframkallande. Kroppens försvar mot invaderande organismer består av många delar. Ytterst sitter huden som en mekanisk barriär, vi har slem och epitelceller i luftvägar och magtarmkanal samt skyddande ämnen i exempelvis tårvätska. I Transplantation antigens encoded in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) bind peptides and present them to T cells. We showed that mouse T cells expressing transgenic human CD8 can recognise human MHC class I. Expression on mature T cells is sufficient for activation in a mixed lymphocyte culture but expression both on thymocytes and mature T cells is necessary for peptide specific MHC restr

Background: Bococizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that inhibits proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and reduces levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. We sought to evaluate the efficacy of bococizumab in patients at high cardiovascular risk. Methods: In two parallel, multinational trials with different entry criteria for LDL cholesterol levels, we randomly

According to the Global Burden of Disease study, occupational exposures to particulates, gases and fumes were responsible for 0.36 million deaths and 8.8 million disability-adjusted life years globally in 2015. This thesis focuses on two occupational groups that are at risk for developing adverse health effects from the time they spend in their working environments: cleaning workers and workers in

The CHEOPS space mission dedicated to exoplanet follow-up was launched in December 2019, equipped with the capacity to perform photometric measurements at the 20 ppm level. As CHEOPS carries out its observations in a broad optical passband, it can provide insights into the reflected light from exoplanets and constrain the short-wavelength thermal emission for the hottest of planets by observing oc

PURPOSE: To calculate the normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) of late radiation effects on the rectum and bladder from repetitive CT scans during fractionated high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDRB) and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) of the uterine cervix and compare the NTCP with the clinical frequency of late effects.METHODS AND MATERIALS: Fourteen patients with cancer of the uterine ce

Background: It is well known that a severe cell injury after exposure to ionizing radiation is the induction of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). After exposure, an early response to DSBs is the phosphorylation of the histone H2AX molecule regions adjacent to the DSBs, referred to as γ-H2AX foci. The γ-H2AX assay after external exposure is a good tool for investigating the link between the absorbed

Introduction/Objectives: The meta-analytical prevalence of paternal postnatal depression (PPND) is 8.4% (Cameron et al., 2016). However, measures for PPND are scarce and the commonly used Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) has low sensitivity, as many men express depression with somatization and/or externalizing symptoms. Recent studies show higher prevalences, indicating that affected me

Purpose: Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is a promising breast cancer screening tool that has already begun making inroads into clinical practice. However, there is ongoing debate over how to quantitatively evaluate and optimize these systems, because different definitions of image quality can lead to different optimal design strategies. Powerful and accurate tools are desired to extend our und

Objectives: Study the effect of introducing a template for radiological reporting of non-enhanced computed tomography (NECT) in the primary care diagnostic work up of cognitive impairment using visual rating scales (VRS). Methods: Radiology reports were assessed regarding compliance with a contextual report template and the reporting of the parameters medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA), white matt

Preclinical assessment of the therapeutic potential of dopamine (DA) neuron replacement in Parkinson's disease (PD) has primarily been performed in the 6-hydroxydopamine toxin model. While this is a good model to assess graft function, it does not reflect the pathological features or progressive nature of the disease. In this study, we establish a humanized transplantation model of PD that better

The present study investigates English lexical nominalizations in terms of their syntax and semantics, and contrastively, in terms of their translations into Norwegian and Swedish. The material comprises 586 English lexical nominalizations and their Norwegian and Swedish translations collected from seven popular science texts in the English-Norwegian Parallel Corpus (ENPC) and the English-Swedidh

Dagens kontorsmarknad och arbetssätt står inför en ständig förändring och utvecklas snabbare än någonsin. Faktorer som driver på denna utveckling är allt från omvärldens globalisering, urbanisering, digitalisering, nya ekonomier och framtida generationer. Dessa faktorer hjälper till att sprida kunskap, öka kommunikationsmöjligheter, möjliggöra ett mer självständigt arbetsliv och främja företagandeThe current office market and the working methods are facing a constant change and are developing faster than ever. Factors that drive this development are globalization, urbanization, digitalization, the new economies and the future generations. These factors spread knowledge, increase communication opportunities, enable more independent working life and promote entrepreneurship. These creates ne

Det svenska straffrättsliga systemet bygger på att endast fysiska personer kan begå brott och straffas för dessa. För näringsidkare, såväl fysiska som juridiska personer, har det istället införts särskilda sanktioner såsom företagsbot. Någon särskild reglering av företagsbotsprocessen och näringsidkarens processuella rättigheter vid en talan om företagsbot har däremot inte införts. Samtidigt uppstThe Swedish criminal justice system is based on the fact that only physical persons can commit crimes and be punished for them. For traders, both physical and legal persons, special sanctions such as a corporate fine have been introduced. However, no special regulations of neither the corporate fine procedure nor the procedural rights for traders, when pursuing criminal charges of a corporate fine

Matsvinn är ett stort globalt problem som för närvarande saknar tillräckliga politiska och lagstiftande åtgärder för att förstå och hantera problemet. Skåne län, har ambitiösa och högt satta klimatmål, där minskat kommunalt matsvinn kan vara ett sätt för att uppnå dessa mål. Jag ville bättre förstå vilken forskning som redan existerar, var forskningsbrister ligger och hur matsvinn reduceras i verkFood waste is recognized as a major global issue that currently lacks sufficient political and legislative action in order to understand or address it adequately. Skåne County, Sweden’s southernmost county, has highly ambitious climate action goals, and reducing municipal food waste could help them meet these goals. I wanted to better understand what research already exists, where research gaps li

The overall purpose of thesis is to describe and understand how the law of duty to report child abuse works in practice from the perspective of the officials obligated to report. Interviews with several of these officials has been used in this thesis to collect data with the purpose of establishing their actual routines and experiences in these matters. The data has been analyzed from a street-lev

Malaria är en sjukdom som överförs av myggor; det har överförts påverka mänskligheten i mer än 10 000 år, det påverkar mellan 700 000 och 2,7 miljoner människor per år och det kan vara dödligt, därför finns det ett stort och ökat intresse för att utveckla en bot mot den. Quinin, den första antimalarialen, isolerades från chinchona-trädet år 1632. Denna förening användes i stor utsträckning i formMalaria is a disease that is transmitted by mosquitoes; it has been transmitedaffecting humanity for more than 10.000 years, it affects between 700 000 and 2.7million people per year and it can be deadly, therefore there is a large and increasinginterest in developing a cure against it. Quinine, the first antimalarial, was isolated from the chinchona tree in 1632. Thiscompound was widely used in

Säker hantering av animaliska biprodukter minskar spridning av sjukdomar Ungefär 200 människor har dött på grund av Creutzfeldt-Jakobs sjukdom, efter att ha ätit kött från sjuka kor. Sjukdomen är förknippad med den ”galna ko-sjukan” även kallat Bovin Spongiform Encefalopat (BSE). BSE sprider sig genom att kött- och benmjöl framställt av BSE-sjuka nötkreatur har använts som foder. BSE sprids till Animal by-products (ABP) is an unknown area in food control in Sweden, mainly grocery stores. ABP affects many different areas, such as food, feed, animal welfare and waste. Swedish Board of Agriculture defines animal by-products as follows: "Animal by-products are material from the animal kingdom which is not food and have not yet been processed or treated to be included in the concept of m

This thesis examines EU’s adoption of a human security approach and the extent to which it has been part of crisis management discourse as well as practice in the Sahel region of Africa. It tells the story of a maturing process for a core approach in EU security policy; that is, the story of human security and how the concept has evolved from a state of innocence to gradual experience and adolesc