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OBJECTIVE: To determine prevalence and intensity of pain after stroke, focusing on patients' perspectives. METHODS: During a one year period, 416 first-ever stroke patients were included in the population based Lund Stroke Register. After 4 and 16 months (median), 297 patients (98% of survivors) were followed up. Worst pain intensity during the previous 48 hours was assessed on a visual analo

BACKGROUND: Arsenic exposure affects [Formula: see text] people worldwide, including [Formula: see text] in Bangladesh. Arsenic exposure increases the risk of cancer and other chronic diseases, and one potential mechanism of arsenic toxicity is epigenetic dysregulation. OBJECTIVE: We assessed associations between arsenic exposure and genome-wide DNA methylation measured at baseline among 396 Bangl

AIMS : Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), now a common procedure to treat high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis, has rapidly been expanding into younger and lower-risk populations, creating a need to better understand long-term outcome after TAVI. The aim of the present investigation was to determine the incidence, risk factors for, clinical presentation of, and outcome after

Background: Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Early detection and correct staging are fundamental for treatment and prognosis. Positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET/CT) is recommended clinically. Silicon (Si) photomultiplier (PM)-based PET technology and new reconstruction algorithms are hoped to increase the detection of small lesions and enable earl

A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is an electrochemical device that converts energy of a chemical reaction into electrical and thermal energy. Besides lack of pollutants and high electrical efficiency, one of the main advantages of SOFCs is the flexibility of using a wide range of fuels, i.e., natural gas, biogas, or any reactant with hydrogen as constituent. However, the use of hydrocarbon fuels can

The hippocampus is one of the most challenging brain regions for proton MR spectroscopy (MRS) applications. Moreover, quantification of J-coupled species such as myo-inositol (m-Ins) and glutamate + glutamine (Glx) is affected by the presence of macromolecular background. While long echo time (TE) MRS eliminates the macromolecules, it also decreases the m-Ins and Glx signal and, as a result, these

Temperature is a major determinant of biological process rates, and microorganisms are key regulators of ecosystem carbon (C) dynamics. Temperature controls microbial rates of decomposition, and thus warming can stimulate C loss, creating positive feedback to climate change. If trait distributions that define temperature relationships of microbial communities can adapt to altered temperatures, the

The use of artificial neural networks for the purpose of image classification, together with the advancement in computational capabilities of edge devices, plays an important role in the new emerging 5G use case scenarios. However, one of the main challenges of applications involving the use of these networks in edge devices is still the limitation of computational resources. An alternative for sa

Metrics of temporal light artefacts (TLAs) are tools meant to quantify the magnitude of the impact of temporal modulated light generated by light sources. However, as lighting systems are becoming more and more complex, just assigning a TLA metrics to a light source is not necessarily an easy task. For example, a luminaire containing two drivers operating on slightly different frequencies could ge

Biological aerosol particles affect human health, are essential for microbial and gene dispersal, and have been proposed as important agents for atmospheric processes. However, the abundance and size distributions of atmospheric biological particles are largely unknown. In this study we used a laser-induced fluorescence instrument to measure fluorescent biological aerosol particle (FBAP) concentra

Den här uppsatsen handlar om stokastiska optimerings metoder. Inom områdena Artificiell intelligens och Maskininlärning är det vanligt att man vill skatta parametrar i en statistisk modell för att kunna göra prediktioner. Man använder sig då av en kostnadsfunktion som bestraffar prediktioner som ligger långt ifrån det riktiga värdet och minimerar denna med avseende på de statistiska parametrarna. This thesis is concerned with stochastic optimization methods. The pioneering work in the field is the article “A stochastic approximation algorithm” by Robbins and Monro [1], in which they proposed the stochastic gradient descent; a stochastic version of the classical gradient descent algorithm. Since then, many improvements and extensions of the theory have been published, as well as new version

Background: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is an established treatment for previously unirradiated spinal metastases; however, the literature is limited with respect to SBRT as a re-irradiation salvage therapy. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis as basis for joint ESTRO-ISRS clinical practice recommendations of salvage SBRT for spinal metastases. Methods: A systematic review

Human pluripotent stem cell-derived in vitro models, combined with advances in high-content live-cell calcium imaging, provide a powerful platform for disease modeling and drug screening. However, most calcium imaging analysis tools have been developed for in vivo applications with suboptimal features for processing data from cultured neurons. Here, we present LUMIN (Live-cell User Module for Imag

Background: Metastasis-directed stereotactic body radiotherapy (MD-SBRT) has shown promise in retrospective and phase II studies for oligometastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. However, prospective randomized phase III data—particularly in newly diagnosed cases and in combination with androgen deprivation therapy and next-generation androgen receptor pathway inhibitors—are limited. The METR

Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthases (PhaC) are the pivotal biocatalysts governing the biosynthesis of biodegradable polyesters. Current research on their structure and mechanisms remains limited, and the chemical mechanisms of all PHA synthases are still under debate. Despite some speculation, further physicochemical studies are needed to understand their structure and function. The primary obje

Syftet med studien var att undersöka universitetsstudenters användning av musik för emotionsreglering i vardagen, med särskilt fokus på att använda musik för att påverka hur en situation upplevs respektive att använda musik för att rikta uppmärksamheten bort från obehagliga tankar eller känslor. Studien genomfördes som en kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie via webbenkät. Det slutliga urvalet bestod av NThe aim of the study was to examine university students’ use of music for emotion regulation in everyday life, with a particular focus on using music to alter situational experiences and using music to redirect attention away from distressing thoughts or emotions. The study employed a quantitative cross-sectional design, with data collected through an online survey. The final sample consisted of N

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that influence the process of quitting harmful substance use or addiction. To do so, the study took into account how the participants came to be in that situation and what their experience of harmful substance use was like. The method used in this study was a qualitative content analysis of podcasts. The sample consisted of a purposeful samp

Background: Peritoneal recurrence (PREC) following nephrectomy for localized renal cancer (RCC) is rare. Our objective was to report a multicenter analysis of PREC to analyze incidence, treatment, survival and risk factors. Methods: Between 1987 and 2023, patients with PREC following radical or partial nephrectomy (PN) for localized RCC across ten European institutions (UroCCR, NKI, IRCCS, Foch an

The Hunga Tonga eruption on 15 January 2022 (HT-22) induced vigorous volcano–sea interaction. Here we study the stratospheric aerosol and water vapor resulting from the eruption using satellite-based instruments: the CALIOP lidar and the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS). We investigate the stratospheric relative humidity following the record-breaking water vapor injections from the HT-22 eruption and