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The impact on the performance of GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) of in situ ammonia (NH3) pre-treatment prior to the deposition of silicon nitride (SiN) passivation with low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD ) is investigated. Three different NH3 pre-treatment durations (0, 3, and 10 min) were compared in terms of interface properties and device performance. A reduction o
Diffusion MRI (dMRI) sensitizes the MR signal to the diffusion of water molecules at the microscopic level and thereby non-invasively probes tissue microstructure. This is relevant when determining biological properties of tissues, for example, cancer type and its malignancy. The problem is, however, that dMRI lacks sensitivity and specificity to distinct microstructural features because an image
Non-medical prescription use of opioids (NMPUO) is a public health concern worldwide. Recently, tramadol misuse is increasing, but the systematic research of misuse of this specific opioid is limited. This study set out to assess the relationship between tramadol use and completion of treatment for substance use among adolescents and adults ≤ 25 years in an outpatient clinical setting. A retrospec
Background: Patients with oesophageal and gastric cancer face a poor prognosis and multiple symptoms and problems that negatively affect their quality of life. In view of the prognosis and extensive illness burden, an early palliative care approach is of importance.Aim: The overall aim of this thesis was to describe and compare symptoms, problems and care needs in relation to the initial treatment
Objectives: To investigate the association between sensorimotor function and visual assessment of postural orientation during execution of weight-bearing activities in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Laboratory. Participants: Fifty-two individuals (23 women and 29 men, mean (SD) age 26.5 (6.4)) approximately 7 months after ACL
The association between obesity and psychological stress is ambiguous. The aim is to investigate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and body mass index (BMI), respectively, with occupational stress among Japanese office workers. The study is a secondary analysis of the intervention group from a randomized controlled trial. There are 167 participants included in the analysis. Occupat
Background: Family members play a crucial role in supporting women with breast cancer during their recovery. In the complex situation of being an informal caregiver, their own health and ability to support the patient needs to be acknowledged. The aim was to explore the experiences, needs and roles of family members throughout the rehabilitation process of women with breast cancer. Methods: A qual
Aim: Opioids might be harmful to the developing brain and dosing accuracy is important. We aimed at investigating fentanyl effects on cortical activity in infants using computational re-analysis of bedside recorded EEG signals. Methods: Fifteen infants born at median 26.4 gestational weeks (range 23.3–34.1), with a birth weight 740 grams (530–1420) and postnatal age 7 days (5–11) received fentanyl
The main goal of my studies was obtaining bulk acoustofluidic devices able to achieve high energy density inside a water-filled cavity. This led us to explore the interplay of sound and thermal effects more in details. Hence, this thesis covers both thermoacoustic effects in Bulk Acoustic Wave devices and a revisited approach for designing them, focusing on achieving good performance. Thermoacoust
Background In the early 1980s, a preservative containing a mixture of methylchloroisothiazolinone (MCI) and methylisothiazolinone (MI) in a ratio of 3:1 was introduced. This mixture (mix) has been patch tested at 100 ppm (0.01%) worldwide and at 200 ppm (0.02%) in Sweden since 1986 and also in the European baseline series since 2014. Objective A new aqueous mix of MCI 0.015% and MI 0.2% was compar
27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC), synthesized from cholesterol by the enzyme CYP27A1, differentially impacts estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer (BC) cell growth depending on estrogen levels. This study examined the association between CYP27A1 expression and prognosis in a cohort of 193 premenopausal patients with lymph node-negative primary BC with limited exposure to adjuvant systemic can
Child undernutrition remains high in India with far-reaching consequences for child health and development. Anthropometry reflects undernutrition. We examined the state-level trends in underweight, stunting, and wasting prevalence and inequality by living standards using four rounds of the National Family Health Surveys in 26 states in India, conducted in 1992-1993, 1998-1999, 2005-2006, and 2015-
Denna studie kretsar kring pheriwale, en grupp egenföretagare inom Indiens stora informella ekonomi. Pheriwale har livnärt sig på handel i Delhi under nästan ett sekel och sysslar med handel med begagnade kläder. De är en av de mest tydligt kvinnodominerade grupperna av gatuhandlare och -försäljare i staden. Genom att knacka dörr hos invånare i staden och förorten sysslar de med byteshandel och saThis study revolves around the working lives of pheriwale, a group of self-employed traders within India’s vast informal economy. Pheriwale have been trading in Delhi for nearly a century and are involved in the second-hand clothing trade. Among the wide variety of street vendors and traders in the city, pheriwale are one of the most visibly women-dominated. They offer a door-to-door service, coll
Microglial cells are affected in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and interact with amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques. Apart from memory loss, depression is common in patients with AD. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an anti-depressive treatment that may stimulate microglia, induce neuroinflammation and alter the levels of soluble Aβ, but the effects of ECT on microglia and Aβ aggregation in AD are not known.
Patienters behandlingspreferenser har under de senaste tre decennierna uppmärksammats som en potentiell moderator för behandlingsresultat. En dubbelrandomiserad forskningsdesign, ”Doubly Randomised Controlled Preference Trial” (DRCPT), där patienter randomiseras antingen till ett val mellan behandlingar eller till slumpmässig fördelning till en av behandlingarna, anses vara en av de mest lämpliga Patient preferences have drawn considerable attention as a potential moderator of treatment outcome. The Doubly Randomised Controlled Preference Trial (DRCPT) in which patients are randomised to a choice between two or more treatments or random assignment to one of these same treatments is considered one of the most rigorous tests of the effects of patient preferences on outcomes. To date, there h
Three-dimensional growth of nanostructures can be used to reduce the threading dislocation density that degrades III-nitride laser performance. Here, nanowire-based hexagonal GaN microprisms with flat top and bottom c-facets are embedded between two dielectric distributed Bragg reflectors to create dislocation-free vertical optical cavities. The cavities are electron beam pumped, and the quality (
The year 2022 marked the 10th anniversary of the course Critical Animal Studies: Animals in Society, Culture and the Media at the Department of Communication and Media at Lund University. As the first initiative of its kind in Sweden, the course explores the shifting roles and positions of non-human animals in today’s complex societies. It aims to equip students with analytical tools to critically
Ecological intensification has been embraced with great interest by the academic sector but is still rarely taken up by farmers because monitoring the state of different ecological functions is not straightforward. Modelling tools can represent a more accessible alternative of measuring ecological functions, which could help promote their use amongst farmers and other decision-makers. In the case
