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Ultrafast lasers reaching extremely high powers within short fractions of time enable a plethora of applications. They grant advanced material processing capabilities, are effective drivers for secondary photon and particle sources, and reveal extreme light-matter interactions. They also supply platforms for compact accelerator technologies, with great application prospects for tumor therapy or me
The etiology of type 1 diabetes foreshadows the pancreatic islet beta-cell autoimmune pathogenesis that heralds the clinical onset of type 1 diabetes. Standardized and harmonized tests of autoantibodies against insulin (IAA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA), islet antigen-2 (IA-2A) and ZnT8 transporter (ZnT8A) allowed children to be followed from birth until the appearance of a first islet auto
Background/objectives: Patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are at present treated with galantamine without actual knowledge of plasma concentration levels. The aim of this presentation is to analyse the relationship between galantamine plasma concentration, dose, demographics and body mass index (BMI). Methods: A total of 84 AD patients recruited at the Memory Clinic in Malmö, Sweden, treated w
Construction projects affect the community in both positive and negative ways. Positive effects are, for instance, better communications, better housing, and a higher standard of living. However, construction projects inevitably bring with them deterioration and changes on the local plane, at the site of the construction project. Thus, in construction projects, many different and sometimes controv
'Sustainability' is an emerging issue that product development engineers must engage with to remain relevant, competitive and, most importantly, responsible. Yet, on examining the term 'sustainable', a plethora of definitions emerges, many of which are contradictory and confusing. This confusion and a general lack of understanding means that sustainability often gets relegated to an afterthought o
Background: Vascular risk factors are increasing rapidly in the Middle East. Growing inactivity and obesity have contributed to an epidemic of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in the Arab population. Microvascular palsies of the third, fourth, and sixth cranial nerves, which occur in an isolated manner, are relatively common in patients with DM, hypertension, or other vascular risk factors. Methods:
This study explored the ability of blind and sighted listeners to detect reflections, "echoes", of burst trains or continuous noise. Echo detection was compared by presenting 5 ms bursts, rates from 1 to 64 bursts, with a continuous white noise, all during 500 ms. Sounds were recorded in an ordinary room through an artificial binaural head, the loudspeaker 1 m behind it. The reflecting object was
The small size of the billions of migrating songbirds commuting between temperate breeding sites and the tropics has long prevented the study of the largest part of their annual cycle outside the breeding grounds. Using light-level loggers (geolocators), we recorded the entire annual migratory cycle of the red-backed shrike Lanius collurio, a trans-equatorial Eurasian-African passerine migrant. We
To determine the variability in fibre areas in the human vastus lateralis muscle, cross-sections (15 microns) of whole autopsied muscles from eight young men have been prepared, and the cross-sectional area (CSA) of 375 type 1 and 375 type 2 fibres has been measured in five different regions throughout each muscle. The CSA of both fibre types varied significantly within all muscle cross-sections.
Objective: The aim in this study was to assess the association between individual plasma carotenoid levels (alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lycopene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin) and fruit and vegetable intakes recorded by a calibrated food questionnaire (FQ) and 24- h dietary recall records (24HDR) in nine different European countries with diverse populations and widely varying intakes
In the evolution of bird migration, partial migration is assumed to be an important intermediate step between migration and residency. Partial migration is characterised by the existence of both migratory and resident individuals in a given population. Compared to regular migration, relatively little is known about partial migrants and their migratory performances. In my thesis, I have studied th
The Sound Area, located between Sweden and Denmark, is one of the most intensely trafficked waters in the world with complex traffic patterns and a bridge/tunnel under construction, which will link the two countries. This high level of complexity increases the probability of both maritime accidents and very negative consequences of them. This paper presents the ergonomic part of an ongoing multidi
Popular Abstract in Swedish Polymerer är samlingsnamnet på långa molekylkedjor. Runt omkring oss i vårt dagliga liv är vi omgärdade av polymerer så som plaster, lim, fibrer och proteiner. Utvecklingen av många högteknologiska produkter är starkt beroende av polymera material. Grundläggande kunskaper om dem och deras egenskaper är därför viktigt. I ett batteri kan många fördelar erhållas då den koThere is a growing need for multifunctional polymeric materials for the development of several important energy conversion technologies. For example, the polymer electrolyte is a key component in lithium polymer batteries. The basic functions of this electrolyte are to efficiently conduct the lithium ions and physically separate the electrodes. Consequently, these electrolytes should ideally posse
The mechanical stress build up in fibre handling, the dynamical frictional phenomena between fibres and curves surfaces and formation of dust have been studied. Typical are stick slip behaviour and threshold stress levels for formation of dust. The emissions of dust can be limited by electrostatic charging. The measured coefficients of friction of the fibres depend on the mechanical properties, mi
Abstract in UndeterminedIn 1970, it was shown experimentally by Johansson et al. that the excitation of atoms by charged particles, e.g. protons, and the subsequent detection of the induced X-rays by an energy-dispersive detector constitutes a non-destructive multi-elemental method with low detection limits and several other properties desirable in an analytical method. Since then, many investigat
Field trials in three European countries, the Netherlands, Spain and Sweden were carried out in order to investigate the effects of an in-car speed limiter. The trials were carried out on urban and rural roads including motorways. A so-called unobtrusive instrumented car was used, where all the measuring equipment was hidden. All the speed limit categories in the respective countries, ranging from
