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In Sweden today, power production with bioenergy systems is more costly than with fossil energy systems. New technology under development, such as integrated gasification and combined cycle technology (IGCC), and reduced biomass costs would improve the competitiveness of bioenergy systems. The CO2 mitigation costs are lower for biomass systems using IGCC technology than for natural gas systems usi
Protein dynamics on the microsecond-millisecond time scales often play a critical role in biological function. NMR relaxation dispersion experiments are powerful approaches for investigating biologically relevant dynamics with site-specific resolution, as shown by a growing number of publications on enzyme catalysis, protein folding, ligand binding, and allostery. To date, the majority of studies
A physically-based, distributed hydrological model (MIKE SHE) was used to quantify overland runoff in response to four extreme rain events and four types of simulated land use measure in a catchment in Norway. The current land use in the catchment comprises arable lands, forest, urban areas and a stream that passes under a motorway at the catchment outlet. This model simulation study demonstrates
What is already known about this subject Sagittal diameter (SAD), i.e. the mid height of the abdomen when lying down, has been reported to correlate to visceral fat, insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk factors in adults. SAD seems to be the best anthropometric predictor of cardiovascular risk, and also of more importance than waist circumference (WC) in adults. There has been no validation
The T matrix for scattering of waves by a circular disk is derived. Both the scalar (Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions) and the vector (perfectly conducting disk) cases are considered and the use of alternative choices for surface field functions is discussed in detail, and it is found that either type of the surface field representation is equally good for the disk case. Analytic expressi
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: BBA is a rare type of intracranial aneurysm that is difficult to treat both surgically and endovascularly and is often associated with a high degree of morbidity/mortality. The aim of this study was to present clinical and angiographic results, as well as antiplatelet/anticoagulation regimens, of endovascular BBA treatment by using predominantly stent-assisted coil emboliza
Clinical research, when children involved, may cause difficult ethical problems for both caregivers and parents. Informed consent has to be obtained from the parents and from the child depending on age and maturity. The concept of informed consent is complicated and depending on the ability of communication between the professionals and the parents. The aim of the study was to illuminate parents l
The Integrated Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (IP-SOFC) is an innovative fuel cell concept which is substantially a cross between tubular and planar geometries, seeking to borrow thermal compliance properties from the former and low cost component fabrication and short current paths from the latter. In this study, a simulation model for the IP-SOFC is presented, with particular highlight on the simu
The Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ) assesses parental feeding attitudes, beliefs and practices concerned with child feeding and obesity proneness. While the questionnaire has been developed and primarily used in the U.S., validation studies in other countries are limited. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the CFQ among mothers with preschoolers in Sweden and the
Abstract Purpose: To explore the experiences of children with cerebral palsy (CP) regarding participation in physical activities, and to describe facilitators and barriers. Methods: Sixteen children with CP 8-11 years old who varied in gross motor, cognitive and communicative function participated in either an individual interview or a focus group. Results: Two categories and 10 sub-categories eme
Sweden, one of the Nordic countries, has a long history of social justice and equality of access to health care. Nursing plays an important role in this and nursing education is of a high standard. The aim of this paper is to describe Sweden's health system and nursing within it, thereby giving Australian nurses information which may generate an interest in, and provide background for, collaborati
We analysed the relative importance of individual versus institutional factors in explaining variations in the utilisation of physician services among the 50+ in ten European countries. The importance of the latter was investigated, distinguishing between organisational (explicit) and cultural (implicit) institutional factors, by analysing the influence of supply side factors, such as physician de
Migratory birds use multiple sources of compass information for orientation, including the geomagnetic field, the sun, skylight polarization patterns and star patterns. In this paper we review the results of cue-conflict experiments designed to determine the relative importance of the different compass mechanisms, and how directional information from these compass mechanisms is integrated. We focu
The decomposition of organic matter in a forest ecosystem is simulated by DECOMP, a process-based, semi-mechanistic model built on system dynamic principles. The model divides a litter into four different substrate quality classes with different decomposition rates which are differently influenced by temperature, soil moisture content, pH and aluminum concentration in the soil solution. The model
Summary Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies against proteinase 3 (PR3-ANCA) are used as diagnostic tools for patients with small vessel vasculitis (AASV). We have produced chimeric mouse/human PR3 molecules and investigate changes in reactivity over time and the possible relationship between epitope specificity and clinical course. Thirty-eight PR3-ANCA-positive patients diagnosed between 1990
The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of δ²H and δ¹³C of bulk milk powder and milk powder fatty acids to their production region. A total of 46 milk powder samples from across New Zealand were collected and analyzed. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the δ²H and δ¹³C of four fatty acids (C4:0, C14:0, C16:0, C18:1) and bulk milk powder were found to be correlated wit
Popular Abstract in Swedish Blodbildningen är en av kroppens livligaste processer. Varje dag bildas det upp mot en triljon (12 nollor!) mogna blodceller. De röda blodkropparna står för transporten av syre, de vita blodkropparna försvarar mot infektioner och trombocyterna deltar i blodlevringen. Bildningen av blodceller sker i benmärgen och kan liknas vid ett träd, där roten utgörs av de så kalladeGranulocyte-macrophage- (GM-) and granulocyte- (G-) colony stimulating factor (CSF) are important cytokines in the regulation of hematopoiesis and for the function of mature blood cells. They are also involved in the cytokine network regulating the inflammatory and immune response. The aim of this study was to investigate the regulation of GM- and G-CSF production at the cellular level. The studie
Popular Abstract in Swedish Arbetet som presenteras i denna avhandling handlar om att utveckla nya processer för att producera gasformiga biobränslen som är mer energieffektiva än de som används idag. Genom att göra processerna mer energieffektiva kan kostnaden för att producera biobränslen minskas. En lägre produktionskostnad för biobränslet gör det lättare att ersätta fossila bränslen med förnyeReplacing fossil fuels with biofuels is one way of reducing the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, thus decreasing our impact on the global climate. For this to be a viable option, several production routes are needed, as no single option can fully replace fossil fuels. One way of making biofuels more competitive with fossil fuels is by reducing the production cost. As most of the p
