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PURPOSE:: To investigate concordance between objective and perceived neighborhood walkability, their associations with self-reported walking and objective physical activity, and sociodemographic characteristics of individuals in neighborhoods with objectively assessed high walkability who misperceive it as low. METHODS:: In 1,925 individuals aged 20-66 years, recruited from administrative areas in
Abstract Treatment of chronic inflammatory arthritis has undergone major changes over the past years following introduction of targeted biological therapies. Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) blocking therapy has been the most important biological treatment of chronic arthritis to date. The overall objective of this thesis was to develop a new assessment method of efficacy of biological therapy in clin
Nocturnal hawkmoths are known for impressive visually guided behaviours in dim light, such as hovering while feeding from nectar-bearing flowers. This requires tight visual feedback to estimate and counter relative motion. Discrimination of low velocities, as required for stable hovering flight, is fundamentally limited by spatial resolution, yet in the evolution of eyes for nocturnal vision, main
Epilepsy comprises a family of neurological disorders characterized by recurrent seizures, which can be highly debilitating. Up to 30% of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, the most common form of the disorder in adults, arising in the hippocampus, cannot be effectively treated by current pharmaceuticals. Novel treatment strategies are highly needed, as well as increased understanding of the hi
In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the balanced steadystate free precession (bSSFP) pulse sequence has shown to be of great interest, due to its relatively high signal-to-noise ratio in a short scan time. However, images acquired with this pulse sequence suffer from banding artifacts due to offresonance effects. These artifacts typically appear as black bands covering parts of the image and they
This thesis presents the works on fabrication and measurements done with micro cantilevers and a micro channel system, fabricated in the photo-resist SU-8. SU-8 is a polymer patterned by UV lithography which offers a cheap and fast processing and is an interesting alternative to standard Si techniques. For the structures intended here, it proved to be a well suited material and promising results w
There are several characters with a brief appearance in the history of the drama, thus having an apparent minor significance in designing the play. They seem to be mere “working tools” for the playwright. However when relating them to the major issues of the literary product and if integrating them in a larger vision of the whole creation of the author their significance and role can be outlined i
Popular Abstract in Swedish Bakgrund: Diabetes är en sjukdom som karakteriseras av kroniskt förhöjt blodsocker och som obehandlad kan leda till svåra komplikationer i blodkärl, ögon, njurar, nerver m.m. Sjukdomen beror på kroppens oförmåga att producera (typ 1 diabetes) eller svara på effekt av (typ 2 diabetes) hormonet insulin. Det finns ca 150 miljoner personer med diabetes i världen idag, och sType 2 diabetes is characterised by defects in insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion and increased endogenous glucose production. The relative contribution of each of these defects remains controversial. In order to characterise the metabolic defects in various stages of glucose tolerance, the insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion was measured in a large population based study in Finland and
During the past two decades, considerable debate has taken place, particularly in India, on the imbalance in gender ratio and the question of 'missing women.' However, the recent discourses in India have changed the focus from 'missing women' to 'missing girls,' highlighting the precarious situation of female children before birth, at birth, and during childhood. Fetuses have been aborted on a mas
Maten handlar om vår fysiska överlevnad, men maten har också viktiga sociala funktioner i familjen/hushållet. I vår undersökningen ser vi hur konsumtionen ser ut i familjerna; konsumtionen blir en utbytesprocess mellan barn och föräldrar, mellan flickor och pojkar. Rapporten baserar sig på en empirisk studie med gruppintervjuer med 7-8 åriga barn från fyra nordiska länder, Sverige, Norge, Danmark Food is essential for our survival, but food has important social functions in the family/household as well. In our study we examine how consumption looks in the family; consumption becomes a process of exchange between children and parents, and between girls and boys. The report is based on an empirical study consisting of group interviews with 7-8 year old children from four Nordic countries: Sw
The family Parmeliaceae (Lecanorales, Ascomycota) is possibly the largest, best known and most thoroughly studied lichen family within its order. Despite this fact the relationship between Parmeliaceae and other groups in Lecanorales is still poorly known. The aim of the present study is to contribute to finding the sister group of Parmeliaceae as an aid in future studies on the phylogeny and char
Popular Abstract in Swedish Under 1920-talet och framåt accelererade moderningseringsprocessen på många plan och det svenska samhället kom att allt mer förändras. Följande studie handlar i mycket om hur man på olika sätt kan förhålla sig till den nya tid som kommer. Gertud Lilja var verksam mellan 1924 och 1964. Under 1920-40-talen var hon en känd och diskuterad författare, men med tiden har henneThe aim of this thesis is to present and discuss the author Gertrud Lilja with a special focus on her relationship to modernity from a feminist perspective. In the 1920s Lilja was regarded as an interesting and promising author. Ten years later she was seen as a conservative and popular author who wrote mainly for women. As this is the first published thesis that discusses Gertrud Lilja it focuses
Biomass combustion in grate fired furnaces is an important approach to convert renewable biomass fuel to heat and electricity. It is not only used in the Swedish energy industry but also by a great number of Swedish households for domestic heating. Burning biomass has the advantage of being CO2 neutral. However, it suffers from several difficulties, for example, the poor combustion efficiency ? th
One of the major issues for the design of ultra-wideband (UWB) receivers is the need to recover the signal energy dispersed over many multipath components, while keeping the receiver complexity low. To this aim we consider two schemes for reduced-complexity UWB Rake receivers, both of which combine a subset of the available resolved multipath components. The first method, called partial Rake (PRak
Popular AbstractSociologen Niklas Luhmann är en av få samhällsvetare som kommit att utveckla en egen teori. Det har skett genom en vidareutveckling av systemteorin och med otaliga inspirationer från klassisk och modern sociologi, filosofi, rättsteori, kommunikationsteori, kognitionsforskning osv. Luhmanns vittomfattande skriftliga verk gör honom till en av de mest betydande sociologerna överhuvudtThis thesis is divided into two main parts. The first is an exposé of Niklas Luhmann's comprehensive sociological systems theory, including the basic tenets of the theory, its historical development and central concepts, and discussions. Systems theory is a theory about the distinction between system and environment. Within the framework of Luhmann's systems theory, one can discern three primary l
In this paper we introduce two new methods for solving binary quadratic problems. While spectral relaxation methods have been the workhorse subroutine for a wide variety of computer vision problems - segmentation, clustering, image restoration to name a few - it has recently been challenged by semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxations. In fact, it can be shown that SDP relaxations produce better
Resolved NMR spectra from samples in inhomogeneous B-0 and B-1 fields can be obtained with the so-called "ex situ" methodology, employing a train of composite or adiabatic z-rotation RF pulses to periodically refocus the inhomogeneous broadening during the detection of the time-domain signal. Earlier schemes relied on a linear correlation between the inhomogeneous B0 and B, fields. Here the pulse
