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The authors have collected data for the silver market, shedding light on market size, stocks in society and silver flows in society. The world supply from mining, depletion of the remaining reserves, reducing ore grades, market price and turnover of silver was simulated using the SILVER model developed for this study. The model combines mining, trade markets, price mechanisms, populations dynamics

By applying a novel approach to evaluate photofragmentation laser-induced fluorescence (PFLIF) imaging, experimental quantitative information on the temporal in-cylinder distribution of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in a homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine was extracted. The results from PFLIF were then compared to those obtained from chemical kinetics simulations using computational

Popular Abstract in Swedish Den här avhandlingen innehåller fyra uppsatser som på ett eller annat sätt relaterar till befolkningsströmningar såsom dess ekonomiska konsekvenser och orsaker. I den första uppsatsen används en hushållsundersökning från Kina för att undersöka huruvida utbildning bidrar till att höja inkomsterna hos hushåll i jordbrukssektorn. Genom regressionsanalys uppmäts korrelatioAbstract Population movements are more substantial today than at any other point in human history. If managed effectively, migration can be beneficial for all aspects of social and economic life. This thesis contains four papers, all of which are related to the economic consequences and determinants of migration, within and across countries. The first paper employs a household survey to explore

The recent phenomenon of large-scale acquisition of land for a variety of investment purposes has raised deep concerns over the food security, livelihood and socio-economic development of communities in many regions of the developing world. This study set out to investigate the food security outcomes of land acquisitions in northern Sierra Leone. Using a mixture of quantitative and qualitative res

This thesis covers different topics related to the application of pseudospectral optimization methods in the field of automatic control. Pseudospectral optimization methods solve dynamic optimization problems by discretizing the state-space, creating a discretized version of a continuous problem. The resulting discretized optimization problems are solved by standard software for nonlinear optimiza

The increase of the consumer electronics market the last couple of decades has been one of the main drivers of IC process technology development. The majority of the ICs are used in digital applications, and for these CMOS is the choice of technology. The urge to squeeze more transistors on to a given area has led to shrinking feature sizes. It has resulted in higher transition frequencies and red

Popular Abstract in Swedish Resultaten som presenteras i denna doktorsavhandling visar att det går att spara stora mängder energi genom att använda samma typ av värmeväxlare, som normalt används i bilar och lastbilar, i livsmedelsbutikernas kyldiskar. För att hålla maten kall när den ligger ute i butiken cirkuleras en kyld luftström runt i kyldiskarna. Denna kyls i en så kallad värmeväxlare som Provisions are stored and displayed in supermarkets and grocery stores, at a temperature lower than the ambient, in display cabinets, which are responsible for a significant amount of the energy use in this sector. During the 1990s, major changes in the regulations governing the use of synthetic refrigerants took place in Sweden. This resulted in many refrigeration systems being converted to syste

Popular Abstract in Swedish Hemofili A är en form av blödarsjuka som beror på en medfödd defekt av äggviteämnet faktor VIII (FVIII). FVIII spelar en viktig roll för att kroppens blodlevringsförmåga (s.k. koagulation) ska fungera optimalt och med nedsatt funktion hos FVIII riskerar man att drabbas av allvarliga blödningar i framför allt leder, men även i muskler, slemhinnor (t.ex. näsblödning) och Haemophilia A (HA) is caused by defective synthesis of coagulation factor VIII(FVIII), which has serious effects on haemostasis; joints being the most common site of bleeding. The development of FVIII replacements has improved the situation for patients with haemophilia such that chronic arthropathy can be prevented, and life expectancy and the quality of life have increased. However, approximatel

Background: Esophagus cancer (EC) is among the five most common cancers in both sexes in Iran, with an incidence rate well above world average. Social rank (SR) of individuals and regions are well-known independent predictors of EC incidence. The aim of current study was to assess gender and social disparities in EC incidence across Iran's provinces through 2003-2009. Materials and Methods: Data o

Development of innovative drugs is a lengthy, risky and expensive enterprise, and the research-based pharmaceutical industry depends uniquely on intellectual property rights, e.g. patents and regulatory data protection to support its investments in drug development activities. After the expiry of intellectual property rights for original drugs, generic drugs may enter the market. A generic drug is

This thesis examines five Multinational Development Banks (MDBs) mandate to apply labour standards in their operations. The MDBs are international organizations often set up with a mission to enhance economic growth and reduce poverty. An overwhelming majority of the members of the MDBs are also members of the UN and ILO. One of the ways UN works to reduce poverty is through the Millennium Devel

The purpose of this study was to examine if and how children witnessing domestic violence affects the judgement a Swedish District Court delivers in cases of child-custody and parents’ right of access to their child. We also wanted to examine if a child’s right to State compensation for witnessing domestic violence affects said judgements in a District Court. This right to State compensation stems

In Sweden the government has an intention to make the pre-school system free of charge One step towards the aim is to equalize the charge system among the muncipalitys. To day it´s the local authoritys responsibility to put the rate on the charge, with the new reform this will change. The new reform "Maxtaxa och allmän förskola m.m" is going to be introduced in januari 2002. The purpose

We wanted to compare the activity in Swedish Red Cross during two chosen years. We have only looked at the national level. The years we chose to compare were 1989 and 2000. The reason we chose to compare the activity was to find out if and how this activity has changed. We used theories made by Lundström and Svedberg to help us chose variables to build our comparison on. We also used their theory

The purpose of this paper was to obtain knowledge of crime preventional work and how it can be practiced. Through this obtained knowledge and with the aid of theorethical modells and a social-political perspective establish how crime preventional work should be practiced in Sweden today and lead to provable results. The following questions were of central importance for the paper. On what theoreth

The purpose of this study was to investigate what facts that matters in relation to where drug abusers get their care and treatment, after a decision of voluntary treatment has been taken, by the social welfare. Another question I wanted to answer, was if there was any deviation between social secretaries with or without the authority to make those decisions in their opinion of what underlying mat

The purpose of this study was to investigate and describe the workingconditions for staff personel, mainly from an educational and knowledgebased point of view, at three youthcareinstitutions in southern Sweden. Social service interventions for children and young people are guided by the Social Services Act (SoL) and the Care of Young Persons (Special Provisions) Act (LVU). The study was based on

The purpose of our essay was to highlight the problems with eating disorders that exist in our society. It’s clear that our society have a fixation on how our body should look like. TV, newspapers and publicity show us the ideal pictures of the woman. To be attractive you should be extremely slim, beautiful and stay young. Does an eating disorder, like anorexia and bulimia nervosa, arise from this