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Temperature sums are widely used to predict the seasonal timing of yearly recurring biological events, such as flowering, budburst, and hatching. We use a classic energy allocation model for annual plants to compare a strategy for reproductive timing that follows a temperature sum rule (TSR) with a strategy that follows an optimal control rule (OCR) maximizing reproductive output. We show that the
The addition of polyelectrolytes (PEs) to suspensions of charged colloids, such as nanoplatelets (NPs), is of great interest due to their specific feature of being either a stabilizing or a destabilizing agent. Here, the complexation between a PE and oppositely charged NPs is studied utilizing coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations based on the continuum model. The complex formation is eval
The subcellular distribution of PKC(α) and PKC(γ) was studied in homogenates of cerebral cortex from rats subjected to 10 and 15 min of ischemia and 15 min of ischemia followed by 1 h, 6 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 7 days of reperfusion. During ischemia no significant changes in the levels of PKC (α) were seen. During the first hour of reperfusion, a transient 2.5-fold (P < 0.05) increase in PKC(α) levels
Bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) are shed during growth by the respiratory pathogens Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Haemophilus influenzae. Vesicles trigger release of antimicrobial compounds and proteins of the complement, which are partly regulated by vitronectin. We hypothesized that vitronectin is elevated in the lungs during pneumonia, that respiratory epithelial cells produce vitronectin u
Acute ischemic stroke affects men and women differently. In particular, women are often reported to experience higher acute stroke severity than men. We derived a low-dimensional representation of anatomical stroke lesions and designed a Bayesian hierarchical modeling framework tailored to estimate possible sex differences in lesion patterns linked to acute stroke severity (National Institute of H
Lactoferrin plays an important role in the defense against infections, including herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis. We studied the impact of three single nucleotide polymorphisms in the human lactoferrin gene on the susceptibility to HSV infections of the eye and the severity of such infections. Lactoferrin gene polymorphisms were determined by PCR combined with restriction fragment length anal
Cathelicidins are a family of antibacterial and lipopolysaccharide-binding proteins. hCAP-18, the only human cathelicidin, is a major protein of the specific granules of human neutrophils. The plasma level of hCAP-18 is >20-fold higher than that of other specific granule proteins relative to their levels within circulating neutrophils. The aim of this study was to elucidate the background for this
Aims: To assess the agreement between the Ross treadmill method and the Åstrand ergometer cycle method, and the repeatability of each method. Methodology: Twenty healthy people aged 22.5 ± 2.2 years were tested on two different days, each day with both methods with a pause of 30 min between the tests. The tests were executed in the reverse order the following test day. Major findings: There was no
Cholesterol-rich clusters of SNARE (soluble NSF attachment protein receptor) proteins have been implicated as being important for exocytosis. Here we demonstrate the significance of cholesterol for normal biphasic insulin secretion in mouse beta cells by removal of cholesterol from the plasma membrane using methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MBCD). Maximal inhibition of insulin secretion in static incubati
Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) flooring material contains phthalates and it has been shown that such materials are important sources for phthalates in indoor dust. Phthalates are suspected endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Consecutive infants between two and six months old and their mothers were invited. A questionnaire about indoor environmental factors and family life style was used. Urinary met
Introduction: The screening program for cervical cancer in Sweden recommends the use of primary human papillomavirus (HPV) screening for women aged ≥30 to 65 years. Co-testing with both HPV analysis and cytology is recommended at the first screening after the age of 40 years. To fulfil co-testing, all screened women aged 40–42 years within the region of Skåne were co-tested. The aim of the audit w
Due to the increasing share of older people worldwide, the United Nations has directed an initiative towards a "decade of healthy ageing" to promote "age-friendly environments". This study aims to gain a deeper understanding of how to promote social participation and everyday mobility in later life. The ambition is to increase the knowledge about how to create more age-friendly environments and so
Turkish President Erdogan is a faithful Muslim and strongly objects to getting/paying interest. To reduce the (high) inflation rate, he declared in a speech at Parliament: “As long as I am in office, I will fight interest. The NAS is there.” The primary purpose of this chapter is to shed light on the nature of this concept and to find out whether there is indeed a NAS with the specific aim of curb
Patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) commonly develop symptoms and signs in the 1-2 years before diagnosis that can result in changes to medications. We investigate recent medication changes and PDAC diagnosis in Nurses' Health Study (NHS; females) and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS; males), including up to 148,973 U.S. participants followed for 2,994,057 person-years
BACKGROUND: Scintigraphy using technetium-99m labelled dimercaptosuccinic acid ([99mTc]Tc-DMSA), taken up in the proximal tubules, is the standard in functional imaging of the renal cortex. Recent guidelines recommend performing [99mTc]Tc-DMSA scintigraphy with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) targeted positron emission tomography (PET)
