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Incretin-based therapy is associated with low risk of hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) possibly due to its glucose-dependency in stimulating insulin secretion and a sustained glucagon response during hypoglycemia. This is of special relevance when it is combined with insulin or given to elderly patients since both insulin therapy and high age are associated with impaired glucagon co
IMPORTANCE The positron emission tomography (PET) tracer [18F]flortaucipir allows in vivo quantification of paired helical filament tau, a core neuropathological feature of Alzheimer disease (AD), but its diagnostic utility is unclear. OBJECTIVE To examine the discriminative accuracy of [18F]flortaucipir for AD vs non-AD neurodegenerative disorders. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this cross-
Begreppet plattformar har under de senaste åren seglat upp som ett av de mest centrala begreppen i den digitala ekonomin. Digitala plattformar möjliggör mängder av nya, effektiva sätt att organisera samhället – med långtgående konsekvenser för en rad centrala samhällsfunktioner. Detta ställer en rad frågor om medbestämmande och reglering, om innovationens förutsättningar och hur en plattformsmedve
Background: The relationship between dyslipidemia, inflammation and CV organ damage in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is complex. Insulin resistance and inflammatory cytokines interleukins (ILs) increase plasma triglycerides (TG). ILs also up-regulate expression of matrix-metalloproteinases (MMPs) that, together with TG, decrease high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) levels. High TG, low HDL
Importance: Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) is presently approved for treatment of advanced breast cancer and after incomplete response to neoadjuvant therapy, but the potential of T-DM1 as monotherapy is so far unknown. Objective: To assess pathologic complete response (pCR) to standard neoadjuvant therapy of combination docetaxel, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab (DTP) vs T-DM1 monotherapy in patients
Importance: The association between long sleep duration and mortality appears stronger in East Asian populations than in North American or European populations. Objectives: To assess the sex-specific association between sleep duration and all-cause and major-cause mortality in a pooled longitudinal cohort and to stratify the association by age and body mass index. Design, Setting, and Participants
Aims: Ventricular longitudinal function measured as basal-apical atrioventricular plane displacement (AVPD) or global longitudinal strain (GLS) is a potent predictor of mortality and could potentially be a predictor of heart failure-associated morbidity. We hypothesized that low AVPD and GLS are associated with the combined endpoint of cardiovascular mortality and heart failure-associated morbidit
Chronic pain including temporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain involves a complex interplay between peripheral and central sensitization, endogenous modulatory pathways, cortical processing and integration and numerous psychological, behavioral and social factors. The aim of this study was to compare spectroscopic patterns of N-Acetyl-aspartate (NAA), total creatine (tCr), choline (Cho), myo-inosito
Background: Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a contributor to embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS). Subgroup analyses from previous studies suggest that anticoagulation could reduce recurrent stroke compared with antiplatelet therapy. We hypothesised that anticoagulant treatment with rivaroxaban, an oral factor Xa inhibitor, would reduce the risk of recurrent ischaemic stroke compared with as
Background: Endometriosis and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have similar symptoms, pathogenesis, and risk factors. These diagnoses often coexist and are frequently misdiagnosed leading to diagnostic delays. This study of a population-based cohort aimed to investigate associations relating to endometriosis and IBS and to compare gastrointestinal symptoms between endometriosis and IBS. Method: The
Under snart tre decennier har omfattande insatser genomförts för att få mäns våld mot kvinnor att upphöra, utan synbar effekt. Våldet tenderar snarare att öka. Varför tycks mäns våld mot kvinnor vara ett olösligt samhällsproblem? I denna rapport undersöker vi hur mäns våld mot kvinnor har hanterats i svensk politik de senaste 25 åren. Med utgångspunkt i offentligt tryck granskar vi den politiska r
Objective: To study the impact of GH dose and age at GH start in girls with Turner syndrome (TS), aiming for normal height and age at pubertal onset (PO) and at adult height (AH). However, age at diagnosis will limit treatment possibilities. Methods: National multicenter investigator-initiated studies (TNR 87-052-01 and TNR 88-072) in girls with TS, age 3–16 years at GH start during year 1987–1998
Objective: Dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has previously shown alterations in cerebral perfusion in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the results have been inconsistent, in particular regarding neuropsychiatric (NP) SLE. Thus, we investigated perfusion-based measures in different brain regions in SLE patients with and without NP invo
Objectives: To examine the relationship between the English index of multiple deprivation (IMD) and the incidence of pre-eclampsia (PE), evaluate the distribution of IMD in a cohort of ethnically diverse pregnant women in South East England and assess whether IMD improves the prediction of PE compared with that provided by the ‘history-only’ competing-risks model (based on maternal characteristics
The baobab is among the commonly consumed wild fruits found in the semi-arid regions of sub-Saharan Africa. It has a wide application in food systems and folk medicine and has an advantage of surviving even in harsh environmental conditions. While the fruit pulp is packed with a lot of essential nutrients and has gained much interest in recent past on the international market as a healthy ‘superfo
Har kvinnliga ledamöter i Sveriges riksdag någon påverkan på att den politik som förs blir mer fördelaktig för kvinnor i samhället? För att svara på den frågan har vi valt att applicera två teorier, teorin om kritiska massa och representationsteorin, på ändringarna i abortlagstiftningen och resulterande motioner från riksdagens ledamöter. Av de förändringar som skett har tre år varit viktiga för o
An increasing amount of people living under the control of armed groups begged the question on the human rights obligations by armed groups in situation of protracted armed conflict. Traditionally, international human rights treaties only impose obligations on states. This raises concerns about the protection vacuum as well as accountability of the armed groups. A new phenomenon also emerged where
Idiopatisk normaltryckshydrocephalus (iNPH) är en neurologisk sjukdom som påverkar hjärnans vätskecirkulation och kan leda till symtom som gång- och balanssvårigheter, kognitiv nedsättning och urininkontinens. Sjukdomen drabbar omkring 1.5 % av 70-åringar, och prevalensen ökar med åldern. Det är en svårdiagnostiserad sjukdom där hjärnvätska (CSF) ansamlas i hjärnans hålrum, vilket påverkar hjärnanIntroduction: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a treatable but largely underdiagnosed neurological condition affecting the elderly population. It is characterised by gait and cognitive impairment, as well as urinary incontinence. For the most part, it is diagnosed via imaging and clinical assessments. Abnormalities in cerebrospinal (CSF) flow in the cerebral aqueduct have been li
I denna uppsats har en ekonometrisk analys utförts för att undersöka räntans effekt på konsumtionen i Sverige mellan åren 1995-2016. En del av fokusen har legat på de låga räntenivåerna sedan 2009 och den rådande negativa reporäntan. I modellen har även ytterligare makroekonomiska variabler inkluderats för att undersöka vad som har en märkbar effekt på konsumtionen. Enligt resultat har variablernaIn this essay an econometric analysis have been done to investigate and evaluate the steering interest rate effect on consumption in Sweden between the years 1995-2016. Parts of the focus of this essay has been on the low rate levels since 2009, and the current negative rate. In the econometric model, additional macroeconomic variables have been included, in order to investigate what affects consu
