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Finding life on a planet other than the Earth would easily be one of the greatest discoveries of all time, particularly so if it is found outside our Solar System. To do so, we must understand the conditions required for life to emerge and develop. Whilst an enormous amount of research has gone into understanding the requirements for life on Earth to have spontaneously arisen and then evolved, muc
Världen är föränderlig. För att kunna överleva måste allt liv kunna anpassa sig till rådande förhållanden. För cellen, livets minsta enhet, sker detta bland annat genom reglering av produktionstakten av proteiner, vilka är de molekyler som utför de flesta grundläggande funktioner. En speciell klass av proteiner utgörs av så kallade transkriptionsfaktorer. Dessa slår av eller på en gens produktion Living organisms can be viewed as complex biological machines. In order to function, they must regulate their internal mechanism to do the right thing, at the right time, and in the right amount. Part of this regulation is encoded in gene regulatory networks. These are built up of genes which produce special proteins (transcription factors, tf) that regulate other tf-producing genes. Thus a networ
BACKGROUND: The P-value approach has been employed to prioritizing genome-wide association (GWA) scan signals, with a genome-wide significance defined by a prior P-value threshold, although this is not ideal. A rationale put forward is that the association signals rather should be expected to give less support for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are rare (with associated low-power test
PURPOSE: It has been documented that testicular germ cell cancer (TGCC) patients may be at increased risk of developing emotional distress (EMD). Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether EMD is related to the presence of hypogonadism, androgen receptor (AR) polymorphism and/or treatment intensity. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Three to five years after treatment, testosterone and lut
Activation of the sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R) improves functional recovery in models of experimental stroke and is known to modulate microglia function. The present study was conducted to investigate if Sig-1R activation after experimental stroke affects mediators of the inflammatory response in the ischemic hemisphere. Male Wistar rats were subjected to transient occlusion of the middle cerebral ar
Provupparbetning är ett viktigt steg i många metoder för kemisk analys.Detta gäller framförallt fasta prover då de kemiska ämnena som avses för analys, även kallade analyter, måste extraheras ut. Det vill säga att genomföra en överföring av analyter från provet till ett lösningsmedel. Därefter kan halten bestämmas med de metoder som ofta finns till hands i ett analyslaboratorium. I de fall då fettSupercritical fluid extraction is an extraction technique suitable for lipophilic compounds from solid samples. Most commonly supercritical carbon dioxide is the main component in the extraction phase, rendering the technique relatively environmentally benign. The extraction technique is rapid due to the low viscosity and the high diffusivity of analytes in the supercritical extraction phase.The s
Most songbird migrants travel between their breeding areas and wintering grounds by a series of nocturnal flights. The exact nocturnal departure time for these flights varies considerably between individuals even of the same species. Although the basic circannual and circadian rhythms of songbirds, their adaptation to migration, and the factors influencing the birds' day-to-day departure decision
Background: COPD is defined as partly irreversible airflow obstruction. The response pattern of bronchodilators has not been followed in advanced lung function parameters. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate bronchodilator response pattern in advanced lung function parameters in a continuous fashion along forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) percent predicted (%p) in COPD pati
BACKGROUND: The method of ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) has been suggested as a reliable means of differentiating between "good" and "poor" pulmonary grafts in marginal donors as, when grafts identified as good by this method are transplanted, the results do not differ from those using lungs fulfilling standard criteria. The EVLP method is also thought to improve pulmonary grafts by reducing lung
Secretion of unique eosinophil granule constituents may play a role in allergic and parasitic reactions. Therefore we have investigated possible mechanisms for regulation of secretion in eosinophils. A hemolytic plaque assay and an enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay were developed for detection of secreted eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) from single adherent eosinophils. The protein kinase
Introduction: Cold exposure alters muscular function. Muscle cooling influences the neuromuscular activation during maximal isometric voluntary contractions (MVC) and the amplitude of surface electromyography (sEMG) [1],[2]. It also slows down the mechanical process during contraction [3]. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of local cooling in cold water at 10 °C for 20 min i
Today's electrical energy conversion devices, such as motors, transformers, inductors and generators, are based on laminated magnetic cores for reduction of eddy current losses, imposing a two-dimensional magnetic flux distribution. Using a three-dimensional magnetic flux distribution while maintaining low magnetic losses requires new approaches to magnetic core materials. Soft Magnetic Composites
Popular Abstract in Swedish Den nya stadens bibliotek Folkbiblioteket beskrivs ofta som en av våra mest omtyckta och uppskattade samhällsinstitutioner. Trots detta har både besöken och utlåningen av böcker minskat under senare år, filialer läggs ner och på många håll minskar personalstyrkan. I en tid när böcker kan köpas på bensinmacken och mycket av den information vi söker kan hittas på nätet tyThis dissertation explores how perceived challenges and changing conditions for public libraries are translated and enacted in a local library setting. In 2008, Malmoe City Library, a public library situated in the third largest city of Sweden, initiated an ambitious strategy for renewal and change of their services. The strategy was given the name The Darling Library and expressed a vision to enf
BACKGROUND.: To prepare a highly immunized recipient for heart transplantation, reduction of high levels of cytotoxic antibodies against human leukocyte antigen (HLA) was deemed essential to prevent antibody-mediated graft failure. METHODS.: Antibodies were analyzed by lymphocytotoxic and solid-phase assays. The pretransplant desensitization treatment protocol included daily tacrolimus and mycophe
Simultaneous digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) and mechanical imaging (MI) offer the potential to combine anatomic information from DBT with functional information from MI. This makes it possible to associate tissue stiffness with specific anatomic structures in the breast, a combination that can reduce false-positive findings by using the MI data to discriminate between ambiguous lesions in DBT.
Silver particle-free inks display immense superiority and potential over silver nanoparticle-based inks in the aspect of synthesis, flexibility and low-temperature processing, which has attracted considerable research interest as an alternative for fabricating conductive structures in recent years. Although recent research on silver particle-free inks has led to beneficial results, there are still
The notion of ‘post-truth’ has attracted considerable interest both in academic and political circles, as well as in public debate more generally. A ‘post-truth society’ has been defined as a society in which ‘“objective facts” are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief’. This also implies a society in which fake news is disseminated on purpose and w
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) and measures of Alzheimer disease (AD), small vessel disease (SVD), cognition, vascular risk factors, and neuroinflammation, we tested associations between EPVS and different relevant neuroimaging, biochemical, and cognitive variables in 778 study participants. METHODS: Four hundred ninety-nine cognitively unimp
Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is considered a valid strategy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. However, despite the importance of adipose tissue for whole-body energy homeostasis, the effect of AMPK activation in adipocytes has only been studied to a limited extent and mainly with the AMP-mimetic 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-b-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR), which has limited
This thesis defends a hedonistic theory of value consisting of two main components. Part 1 offers a theory of pleasure. Pleasures are experiences distinguished by a distinct phenomenological quality. This quality is attitudinal in nature: it is the feeling of liking. The pleasure experience is also an object of this attitude: when feeling pleasure, we like what we feel, and part of how it feels is
