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Anionic biosurfactant-cationic biopolymer systems were investigated to identify and characterize a coacervation window. The characterization of the systems was performed with dynamic light scattering, small angle x-ray scattering and in-situ ellipsometry. The surfactants sodium- and potassium caprylate (NaC10, KC10) and sodium- and potassium laurate (NaC12, KC12) were studied with titration experi
While developing countries are faced with pressing socio-economic challenges, they are also increasingly vulnerable to the impacts of environmental degradation. Starting from this double challenge, current research has been focusing on the synergies between economic development and environmental protection. Within the field, the concept of environmental leapfrogging has emerged, referring to the p
When developing a large application, many companies use techniques such as Test Driven Development in order to get a range of tests on which they later can validate their code with. This has become the standard in many work environments. Problems arise when an application is already developed and tests has not been written in the course of the development. This makes it near impossible to validate
The global financial crisis of 2007 shook up the European economic landscape through many channels. However, deeper economic integration and the resulting industrial specialization patterns, can partly explain the different impacts across countries. Economic downturns are less likely to congest across borders if the industrial composition is less homogeneous. This essay analyzes the effects of the
Tomträtt är en nyttjanderätt som får upplåtas av staten och kommunerna. Tomträtt liknar äganderätten till fast egendom mer än någon annan sekundär rättighet. Tomträtt har på senare år fått minskad användning för småhusbebyggelse men har en fortsatt betydelse för kommersiella ändamål. I lagtext och förarbeten är det tydligt att motiven varit att tomträtt ska fungera som ett alternativ till äganderäSite leasehold right can be granted on land owned by municipalities or other public institutions. Site leasehold right is the strongest of the different rights of use, and is supposed to be an alternative to the right of possession of real estate. Easements can be granted in the site leasehold right, and be registered in the Real Property Register. Easements can either be formed by the national ca
One of the overall main purposes for a structural engineer is to design structures and structural elements so that they meet society’s safety requirements, yet use as little material as possible. In order to do so, the designer has to understand and simplify a complex reality. The strut-and-tie method is such a simplification model which allows engineers to design reinforced concrete structures wh
Cancer is a widespread and commonly fatal disease in constant need of new treatments. Traditionally, new pharmaceuticals have been tested in 2D models. This is not ideal, as 2D environments do not reflect the in vivo milieu of the cells. Instead, it has been increasingly suggested to implement 3D models, which are thought to be more predictive of in vivo responses to treatment. It has been shown t
In this Master’s thesis we examine why public libraries, in different municipalities in the same city region, have chosen to make different decisions regarding the libraries accessibility during the covid-19 pandemic. These institutions are forced to show evidence of adaptability and competence to handle a situation of an unpredictable crisis with rapid turns and major consequences as a result. Th
The complex issue of gender equality is a nation-wide, well-discussed topic and issue. Despite Sweden being one of the most equal countries in the world, gender distribution in top management groups of the top listed firms does not quite uphold Sweden's general reputation. As no real determinants, except the physical, can differentiate competence between the two genders, this study aims to inv
The exact solution of the reduced pairing Hamiltonian is compared to the BCS mean field approximation for low particle numbers in finite systems. A combination of two different methods for solving the Richardson equations is presented. One of the methods originally intended to be solved analytically is instead adapted to a numerical scheme. The comparison includes the pairing gap parameter, as app
One of the causes of the great survival capability of some biological systems is the fact that they are systems of individuals such that the system behavior does not critically depend on anyone individual. Such systems can be regarded as redundant systems with different kinds and levels of redundancy. For example, although each specimen of a biological society has a limited life span, the whole so
In the context of multiple stressors such as land shortage and food insecurity, the thesis deals with gendered land and labour rights as a social aspect of food production in subsistence agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa. Using the Chiweshe communal area in Zimbabwe as an example, it identifies, investigates and draws conclusions on higher order social processes of gender, power and incremental in
Adsorption of several surface active agents, such as nonionics, diblock copolymers, triblock copolymers, proteins and phospholipids at the oil/water and air/water has been studied. In order to be able to do this, a new ellipsometry setup, which utilizes light guides, was developed and tested. A new evaluation methodology was developed and tested as well. This methodology is based on performing ea
One way to increase distribution network reliability is to replace traditional overhead lines with underground cables. To fully utilize these investments, network owners will have to adjust their reliability engineering methods to suit the new cable networks. In this paper different condition assessment methods as well as improved failure statistics for cable systems are considered. The paper is b
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate self-reported hearing difficulties, uptake, and hearing-aid outcomes and their relationships to demographic, cognitive, psychosocial, and health variables in 85 year olds. Design and study sample: Three hundred and forty-six elderly adults participated in a survey that included questionnaires and home visits. Fifty-five percent of participants ad
Eight patients with colloid cysts of the third ventricle were examined with CT and MR. In six, surgical resection was performed and the material was subjected to histologic evaluation; the concentrations of trace elements were determined by particle-induced X-ray emission. Stereotaxic aspiration was performed in two. The investigation showed that colloid cysts are often iso- or hypodense relative
During the last few decades, quality assurance has been a central issue in the societies, both in, for example the industrial area and in healthcare. It is a tool to measure the outcomes of product or service provided. A review of the literature during the last 17 years with respect to quality assurance work in psychiatric occupational therapy indicates that few articles have been published in the
There is currently no effective vaccine for Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) serogroup B. Generation of optimal immune responses to meningococci could be achieved by targeting meningococcal antigens to human dendritic cells (DCs). Recent studies have shown that diverse DC responses and subsequent generation of protective immunity can be observed if the microbes are viable or killed. This is important b
The logistic regression model is frequently used in epidemiologic studies, yielding odds ratio or relative risk interpretations. Inspired by the theory of linear normal models, the logistic regression model has been extended to allow for correlated responses by introducing random effects. However, the model does not inherit the interpretational features of the normal model. In this paper, the auth
The effect of friction between the dowel and the surrounding timber was studied for single dowel-type joints. The joints tested were divided into two groups of joints, where the surface of the dowels differed. For the first group, the dowels had a smooth surface and for the second group the dowels had a rough surface. A contactfree measurement technique was used in the experimental investigatio
