Search results

Fires have influenced atmospheric composition and climate since the rise of vascular plants, and satellite data have shown the overall global extent of fires. Our knowledge of historic fire emissions has progressively improved over the past decades due mostly to the development of new proxies and the improvement of fire models. Currently, there is a suite of proxies including sedimentary charcoal

Extracellular field potentials in the lumbosacral dorsal horn evoked by stimulation of cutaneous C fibres in the sural nerve were explored in the halothane‐anaesthetized rat. C‐fibre‐evoked field potentials were prominent in lamina II and lamina V of the dorsal horn. These potentials had a latency of 80‐130 ms and a duration of more than 200 ms. A peak in the C‐fibre‐evoked field potential, termed

The role of multiple groups of primary biological aerosol particles (PBAPs) as ice nucleating particles (INPs), and of ice formation processes such as time-dependent freezing of various INPs, and various secondary ice production(SIP) mechanisms in overall ice concentration has been evaluated in a range of cloud systems by simulating them numerically with the state-of-the-art ‘Aerosol-Cloud’ (AC) m

The purpose of the research presented in this thesis is to enhance the field of accessibility to include a multitude of perspectives. Based on cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT), it analyzes how human, artifactual and natural factors impact an individual’s possibilities to act in concrete situations that are part of a systemic whole.The thesis presents two main results:An enhanced accessib

Identification of risk factors for fractures is important for improving public health. We aimed to identify which factors related to physical activity and psychosocial situation were associated with incident fractures among 30,446 middle-aged women and men, followed from 1991-1996 to 2016, in a prospective population-based cohort study. The association between the baseline variables and first inci

Modes of climate variability affect global and regional climates on different spatio-temporal scales, and they have important impacts on human activities and ecosystems. As these modes are a useful tool for simplifying the understanding of the climate system, it is crucial that we gain improved knowledge of their long-term past evolution and interactions over time to contextualise their present an

PURPOSE: The prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) in Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVADs) recipients is not known nor has the association between ID and peak oxygen uptake (VO2) been reported. The aim of this study was to study to investigate the prevalence of ID in this population and the association between ID and VO2. METHODS: Data was included from LVAD recipients at Rigshospitalet, Denmark (D

Aim/hypothesis: Human enteroviral infections are suggested to be associated with type 1 diabetes. However, the mechanism by which enteroviruses can trigger disease remains unknown. The present study aims to investigate the impact of enterovirus on autophagy, a cellular process that regulates beta cell homeostasis, using the clonal beta cell line INS(832/13) and human islet cells as in vitro models

Background Additional to a child's genetic inheritance, environmental exposures are associated with schizophrenia. Many are broadly described as childhood adversity; modelling the combined impact of these is complex. We aimed to develop and validate a scale on childhood adversity, independent of genetic and other environmental liabilities, for use in schizophrenia risk analysis models, using data

Objective To describe the incidence and burden of illness at the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games, which was organised with strict COVID-19 countermeasures. Methods Daily illnesses were recorded via the web-based injury and illness surveillance system (teams with their own medical staff; n=81), and local polyclinic services (teams without their own medical staff; n=81). Illness proportion, incidence an

BACKGROUND: The use of viscoelastic tests is becoming increasingly popular. There is a paucity of validation of the reproducibility of varying coagulation states. Therefore, we aimed to study the coefficient of variation (CV) for the ROTEM EXTEM parameters clotting time (CT), clot formation time (CFT), alpha-angle and maximum clot firmness (MCF) in blood with varying degrees of coagulation strengt

Popular Abstract in Swedish Ökad förståelse för hjärtats pumpfunktion är av stort intresse för att kunna förbättra diagnostik, behandling och prognoser för hjärtsjuka patienter. Blodflöde i hjärtat är direkt kopplat till hjärtats form och rörelse och kan därför vara en viktig markör för hjärtats funktion. Därför var målet med denna avhandling att utveckla och förbättra mätningar av blodflöde med hIncreased understanding of the pumping mechanics of the heart are of great importance to develop diagnostics, treatment and prognostics for cardiovascular diseases. Blood flow in the heart is connected to its anatomy and function, and may therefore be a sensitive marker of cardiac health and disease. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to develop and validate methods for quantification and visual

Background: Salinity is a significant environmental stress factor limiting crops productivity. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) has a natural tolerance to salinity stress, making it an interesting study object in stress biology research. In the present study, for the first time the effect of salinity stress on barley inflorescence developmental stages was investigated. Five spring barley genotypes irri

Global change is altering forests worldwide, with multiple consequences for ecosystem functioning. Temporal changes in climate, and extreme, compounded weather events like hotter droughts are affecting the demography, composition and function of forests, leading to a highly uncertain future. To accurately predict future forest responses to hotter droughts, we highlight the need for considering a b

Objective: The Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) frailty index (FI) predicts mortality and damage accrual in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but its association with hospitalizations has not been described. Our objective was to estimate the association of baseline SLICC-FI values with future hospitalizations in the SLICC inception cohort. Methods: Baseline SLICC-FI sco

Klimatförändringarna förväntas påverka skogar i de tempererade och boreala zonerna och leda till omfattande förändringar i ekosystemens struktur och funktion. Därför behövs analyser av sannolika utfall av olika scenarier av ökad klimatpåverkan på lång sikt, för att förbättra kunskapsunderlaget och stödja beslutsfattande inom skogssektorn. För skogsägare innebär klimatförändringarna ett behov att öClimate change is expected to affect temperate and boreal forests, potentially causing profound changes to the functioning and the structure of ecosystems. This calls for assessments of the plausible long-term outcomes of a range of climate change scenarios to increase the knowledge base for decision making in forestry. Forest owners need to consider whether current silvicultural management practi

Structural systems in seismic-prone regions can experience sudden deterioration caused by earthquake-induced ground-motion sequences. In addition, given the prevailing environmental conditions at their site, these systems may undergo gradual deterioration resulting from environment-induced mechanisms. The combined impacts of such phenomena can result in significant structural/non-structural damage

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD), which was initially identified as a type of autoimmune pancreatitis around the year 2000, is now widely acknowledged to be a systemic sickness. Based on both general and organ-specific criteria, alongside laboratory measurements of IgG4-subtype, the diagnosis is made. The diagnosis requires, however, a heightened index of suspicion, especially given the

Aims: Climate change is known to drive both the reshuffling of whole assemblages and range shifts of individual species. Less is known about how local colonizations and extinctions of individual species contribute to changes at the community level. Our aim was to estimate the contribution of individual species to a change in community composition attributed to climate change and to relate these sp

Den termiska klimatupplevelsen påverkas mest av lufttemperaturen som är enkel att mäta med en vanlig termometer, men för att ta reda på hur temperaturen i ett rum upplevs räcker det inte med att enbart undersöka lufttemperaturen. Även om lufttemperaturen ligger på en komfortabel nivå så kan en kall yta i närheten få personen att känna att det är kyligt i rummet och på motsvarande sätt kan varma ytThe thermal climate experience is most affected by air temperature that is easy to measure with a standard thermometer, but to find out how the temperature in a room is felt it is not enough to merely examine the air temperature. Even if the air temperature is at a comforta-ble level, then a cold surface near get the person to feel that it is chilly in the room and cor-respondingly the hot surface