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Soil erosion has created landscape problems in many parts of the world and in particular in cold regions where the sensitive permafrost conditions have changed due to climate warming. Such a case occurred in the Tibetan Plateau (TP), which has been strongly affected by global warming and human activities. Monitoring technologies, like remote sensing and field surveys were used to explore soil eros
Objective: Classification criteria for early-stage symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (EsSKOA) should discriminate individuals with EsSKOA from those with other causes of knee symptoms. We sought to identify conditions in the differential diagnosis of EsSKOA in adults with knee symptoms. Design: We conducted an online survey of clinicians. Those consulting monthly on at least five people with undiagn
Background: Prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) may influence lung and immune system development, but previous epidemiological studies are inconclusive and have not extended into young adulthood. Objective: To examine associations between prenatal exposure to a mixture of PFAS and respiratory and immune-related outcomes in a cohort of males. Methods: We studied 866 male
Accurate evapotranspiration (ET) estimation is vital for hydrological modeling, yet remotely sensed ET (RS-ET) products are often limited by algorithmic uncertainties and sensor biases. To mitigate error propagation and better capture spatial patterns, this study introduces the Composite Efficiency of Absolute ET and Spatial Autocorrelation (CEASA) —a dual-constraint framework that integrates abso
The light-harvesting apparatus of the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides is composed of a peripheral LH2 complex which directs excitation energy to the LH1/reaction center core. The puf BA genes encoding the LH1 polypeptides have been deleted, producing a photosynthetically-competent strain which contains LH2 and reaction centers. Time-resolved absorption and fluorescence measurement
Aim: Limited evidence exists on the effects of endocrine-disrupting chemical exposure on metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in adolescents. We aimed to assess the effects of multiple chemicals on the hepatic steatosis index (HSI) and MASLD in adolescents, and to further explore the potential roles of inflammation and lifestyle factors. Methods: Associations between che
Management of neonates with hypoplastic left heart syndrome following the Norwood procedure seeks to optimize systemic oxygen delivery while maintaining an appropriate distribution between systemic and pulmonary blood flow. The objective of this study was to quantify actively circulating blood volume, total cardiac output, the pulmonary-to-systemic blood flow ratio (Qp/Qs), and vascular resistance
Background/aims It is unclear whether a reduction in tear secretion contributes to the discomfort experienced by those with prosthetic eyes. Tear secretion has hitherto only been measured with the Schirmer test which may be affected by the pooling of tears behind the prosthesis. In this study, direct imaging of the lacrimal gland has been performed to measure tear secretion in anophthalmic sockets
Background. Primary glomerular disease (PGD) is a major cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) leading to kidney replacement therapy (KRT). We aimed to describe incidence (trends) in individuals starting KRT for ESKD due to PGD and to examine their survival and causes of death. Methods. We used data from the European Renal Association (ERA) Registry on 69 854 patients who started KRT for ESKD du
Several yeast species, usually engineered by humans in order to produce compounds of biotechnological interests, are currently used as cellular factories. This thesis presents two main themes. In the first, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used for bio-ethanol production from lignocellulose hydrolysates and in the second Pichia pastoris is used for the heterologous expression of human ameloblastin. Th
Even though language proficiency in children is strongly related to success in almost all domains, neurocognitive studies of L2 processing are typically limited to adults with several years of exposure, who may use general cognitive mechanisms to compensate for any difficulties in L2 processing. For example, whereas previous studies of adult bilinguals have reported differences in the anterior neg
Background. We evaluated the effects of 12 months of exercise training on bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3–5 not on kidney replacement therapy (KRT). Methods. A total of 151 patients were randomized to 12 months of either balance or strength training, both together with endurance training. Some 112 patients completed and 107 (69 men, 38 women) were
BACKGROUND: Suicidal behavior and substance use disorders (SUDs) are important public health concerns. Prior suicide attempts and SUDs are two of the most consistent predictors of suicide death, and clarifying the role of SUDs in the transition from suicide attempt to suicide death could inform prevention efforts. METHODS: We used national Swedish registry data to identify individuals born 1960-19
Objectives The aim was to study the development of radiographic knee osteoarthritis (RKOA) in individuals with knee pain over 2 years, and the associations between radiographic changes and baseline variables. Design Longitudinal cohort study. Participants and setting This study is part of the Halland Osteoarthritis cohort. The included 178 individuals, aged 30-67, had knee pain, without cruciate l
