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PURPOSEOur aim was to assess the impact of cigarette smoking on the risk of the tumors classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as causally associated with smoking, referred to as tobacco-related cancers (TRC). METHODSThe study population included 441,211 participants (133,018 men and 308,193 women) from the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition. We inve
Rett syndrome (RTT) is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the X-linked gene MECP2 coding for methyl CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2). This protein can act as transcriptional repressor and we showed in a previous study that glucocorticoid-inducible genes are up-regulated in a RTT mouse model and that these genes are direct MeCP2 targets. Here, we report that pharmacological intervention with the
It is hoped that information garnered from studies on population genetics will one day be translated into a form in which it meaningfully improves the prediction, prevention or treatment of type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes genetics researchers have made extraordinary progress in identifying common genetic variants that are associated with type 2 diabetes, which has shed light on the biological pat
The aim of this study was to determine whether educational length affects prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing and the time to prostate biopsy for men with raised PSA values.
“Musikalernas inflytande på samhället: Hur Rent och Book of Mormon främjar kulturellt medborgarskap” är författad av William Aleman vid institutionen för kommunikation och medier, Lunds universitet. Det är en kulturanalys som undersöker medborgarens rätt till att synas, höras och erkännas som identitet eller community i offentligheten, vilket arbetet menar ligger till grund för det kulturella medb
This thesis utilises an exploratory approach to analyse the system of interactions between the policy-makers of the European Commission’s Directorate General for Energy and different types of stakeholders. This system of interactions is often referred to as the ‘interest system of the EU’ and is largely informed by rational choice theoretical assumptions about the behaviours of policy-makers and s
In this essay, I explore the motifs of bodily destruction and self-mutilation in the first three novels of American author Chuck Palahniuk: Fight Club (1996), Survivor (1999) and Invisible Monsters (1999). These motifs are prevalent throughout the author’s work and are particularly noteworthy in how detailed and graphic the novels are. In analysing the ways in which the characters of these novels
Forest fires in mainland Portugal are becoming more extreme, resulting in increasingly larger burnt areas and tragic human fatalities, as was shown by the 2017 fires. Research shows that there are many natural factors contributing to such fire vulnerability conditions, such as climate, fuel continuity, forest structure, tree species types, amongst others, that are intertwined with anthropic factor
Changed land-use, nitrogen deposition, climate change, and the spread of non-native species have repeatedly been reported as the main drivers of floristic changes in northern Europe. However, the relevance of the geographical scale at which floristic changes are observed, is less studied and understood. Here, I assess the changes in species richness and species composition in the central parts of
In 2022 the Russian war against Ukraine left Germany without imports from their biggest energy supplier, forcing them to find new energy sources. One of the government’s measures was the investment in LNG, which impacts society and the environment. With a critical discourse analysis, this thesis analyzes how the government justifies their choice for LNG and how energy justice is considered within
This study examines the relationship between development aid and trade, specifically focusing on the impact of aid on exports for 14 European donor countries committed to allocating 0.70% of their Gross National Income (GNI) to official development assistance (ODA). The 14 selected countries account for 41.5% of global ODA disbursements. Estimating a structural gravity model using Pseudo Poisson M
The EU's economy is heavily influenced by public procurement, with services, works, and supplies worth approximately €2 trillion being purchased by public authorities annually. While the EU's legal framework allows for electronic means in public procurement, the aim is to achieve full e-procurement to maintain transparency, equal treatment, non-discrimination, and fair competition. However
Purpose: This thesis delves into the dynamic relation between awe and art, specifically focusing on abstract versus representational art within immersive Virtual Reality (VR) environments. Prompted by the expansion of awe research since Keltner and Haidt’s seminal work (2003) and the research gap on art and VR, this study explores whether the level of abstraction in art influences the intensity of
Today, approximately 55% of the total global population lives in urban areas, while in Europe the number is higher than 70%, and both figures are expected to continue growing during the next decades. At the same time, cities are facing an increasing number of challenges, such as sea level rise, increased temperatures, air quality and more extreme weather events. Nature-based Solutions (NbS), altho
The cell transmembrane receptor CD44 is a member of type I transmembrane receptor family that is found on the outer surface of different types of both immune and cancer cells. It is used by the cells to detect as well as to respond on different changes in the near environment. CD44 receptors are involved in a variety of processes such as hematopoiesis, lymphocyte homing, or limb development. The r
Bacterial respiration and biomass growth are important processes for carbon cycling in freshwater ecosystems and bacterial respiration is often quantified from measured O2 concentrations by using a respiratory quotient (RQ=O2 consumed to produce CO2, in moles) of 1. Recent studies have shown, however, that RQs can vary a lot in different aquatic ecosystems (0.5-5), which may lead to an under- or o
Due to COVID-19 and the penetration of OTT services, the cinema industry is suffering from audience loss. With this contextual change, the question of whether the cinema industry will survive is constantly rising. As motivation is known as the driving force for behaviour, this thesis focuses on the audiences who still visit the cinema and explore their motivations for cinema attendance to find wha
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and two thirds of all breast cancers are classified as oestrogen receptor positive. ER is a transcription factor that regulates gene expression and promote cell proliferation that is critical in mammary gland development, and its aberrant activity is commonly present in breast cancer. As a nuclear receptor, ER activity could be diverted by eith
The harvest mouse Micromys minutus has, through nest findings, been documented to live in wetlands in tall sedges and grasses in Central Europe. However, there is very little information on the type of habitat this species uses outside of nesting, because this rodent is difficult to capture in ordinary trapping set-ups. In France and Switzerland, the harvest mouse populations have decreased strong
