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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) diffusometry provides important information about molecular motion on a microscopic scale. The advantage of NMR diffusometry is its ability to characterise microstructures non-invasively. This has made the method important not only in chemistry, biochemistry and materials science, but also in medicine. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) has been
Popular Abstract in SwedishEn av de viktigaste forskningsfrågorna inom matematikutbildning handlar om förståelse. Det huvudsakliga syftet med den här avhandlingen har varit att nå insikt i olika förståelseformer i skolmatematik och former av lärandeidentiteter i två lärandemiljöer. Avhandlingens specifika fokus var flexibla sätt att urskilja delar och avgränsa helheter och undersöka hur lärande inA central question in mathematics education research concerns understanding. The main objective of the present thesis has been to obtain insights into flexible modes of knowing in school mathematics in two school class contexts, and how these relate to modes of being a learner in these contexts, with specific focus on learners’ flexible ways of discerning parts and delimiting wholes, and how they
Urban expansion is a defining feature of rapidly growing cities and has important implications for urban thermal behaviours, particularly in hot and semi-arid regions that are increasingly vulnerable to the effects of climate change. Tripoli, the capital of Libya, has experienced substantial urban growth over recent decades under conditions of weak planning and uneven development. Despite this, th
Drug use is governed today by a global prohibition regime that medicalizes and criminalizes people who use drugs, producing marginalization, risk environments, and illicit markets. In parallel, digital platformization has enabled darknet cryptomarkets to reorganize drug distribution and create new social contexts in which drugs, markets, and users are discursively constructed. This thesis examines
Opera and highbrow culture have traditionally occupied a position of high prestige, but over the course of the last few decades, that foundation has seemingly weakened. Traditionally in-person mediums such as opera are more bound to physical spaces and therefore more lim-ited in reach and exclusive than most mass media products, especially with increasing digi-talization. Previous research has mai
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are becoming an important regulatory and tech-nical concern for the pharmaceutical industry due to their high environmental persistence, po-tential health risks, broad use across many industrial production fields and growing pressure for their regulation in consumer products. The pharmaceutical industry is particularly at risk for PFAS, due to their stric
This thesis is about how the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has propelled competence creep forward in the European Union by consistently applying a broad interpretation of EU law to social policy court rulings. To derive these results, 180 social policy cases were analyzed and coded using systematic content analysis, transforming qualitative data into quantifiable data. The analysis
This thesis examines how community-based disaster risk reduction (CBDRR) generates peace-positive outcomes in displacement-affected communities, focused on how shared natural resources and environmental risks shape these dynamics. Designed as a qualitative multiple case study focused on Iraq and South Sudan, it draws on interviews and documents to examine the conditions under which, and the proces
This study explores the initial motivations of founders to hire the first employees in their firms, how those early hires begin to perform a relevant role, and how they shape founders’ motivations toward subsequent hiring decisions. Focusing on five startups in Sweden and incorporating the perspectives of both founders and joiners, this study is relevant as entrepreneurial firms play a significant
Summary: Codon sequences can influence proteins to misfold during cotranslational folding. Here, we develop an in vivo assay in E. coli to comprehensively study the impact of single synonymous substitutions on protein folding efficiency and apply it to the N-terminal domain of ddlA. By mapping the influence of codons along the sequence, we show that codon identity can substantially influence foldi
Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly employed in crisis communication to assist with tasks like monitoring, analysis, and message creation. However, its expanding use raises ethical and responsibility concerns, especially when AI-supported communication results in problematic outcomes. This thesis aims to provide new knowledge and enhance the understanding of how Estonian communication pro
Climate change has caused an unprecedented threat to eco-systems, necessitating a transition to a low greenhouse gas (GHG) emitting society. An important leverage point is high-impact climate actions; actions with the most potential for reducing GHGs (e.g., avoiding air travel, choosing fossil-free banks), and the drivers behind these actions. Limited studies have applied latent class analysis (LC
As firms increasingly operate in markets characterised by competition, uncertainty, regulations, and shifting consumer demands, understanding how business models (BMs) are reconfigured has become increasingly important. Against this background, the study aims to increase the understanding of how regulations and consumers, as exogenous forces, influence the reconfiguration of business model compone
Objectives: To investigate the relation between adherence to dietary recommendations, the quantified intake of the components of these recommendations, and the risk of developing giant cell arteritis (GCA). Methods: Participants in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study cohort who subsequently developed GCA were identified through register linkage and validated in a structured review. Four controls, matc
This study examines how environmental risk factors for assault are expressed across cities and demographic groups, using risk terrain modeling (RTM) applied to ten Swedish cities. The analyses identify recurrent environmental features, such as convenience stores, bus stops, restaurants that frequently concentrate assault risk. However, the magnitude, mechanisms, and spatial reach of these associat
To tackle the social inequalities in how disasters unfold, organisations working in Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) have increasingly adopted socially inclusive approaches. With a similar aim of reducing disaster impacts, Anticipatory Action (AA) has emerged as a practical method to prevent losses and damage through forecasts, pre-agreed funding, and early action. However, a gap rema
Numerous studies show an association between military pressures and fiscal development, often based on cross-national correlations between wars and fiscal outcomes (e.g., tax ratios). However, investments in fiscal capacity may take time to yield higher tax revenues, obscuring the importance of factors that contributed to those investments. This article shifts attention from fiscal outcomes to the
The Applied Nuclear Physics Group at Lund University has constructed a CANS (Compact Accelerator-driven Neutron Source). The CANS is based around a 3 MV, single-ended, Pelletron accelerator, which is used to impinge a 2.8 MeV deuterium beam into a beryllium target. The anticipated neutron production will be on the order of 1010 n/s in 4π sr, with future upgrades expected to increase neutron produc
