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Bladder cancer is a heterogeneous malignancy with diverse clinical outcomes, and conventional pathological assessment alone is insufficient to capture its underlying biology. Gene expression profiling can stratify tumors into molecular subtypes with prognostic and predictive potential, but the reliability of transcriptomic classification and its clinical utility remains to be established. The tran
Fluxes of sensible heat and latent heat were calculated above fields of barley and wheat in Ilstorp, using a gradient profile approach. Gradient Richardson’s number was used as the stability parameter, and it was shown that atmospheric stability varies both with time of the day and wind speed. Temperature and wind profiles were studied, and it was possible to detect a rise in the active surface in
The relationship between peace and business actors is by no means a simple one, and a substantial body of research has been devoted to analysing the many ways in which businesses fuel conflicts around the world. Yet, recent years have seen an increased interest in the notion of business actors as potential peacemakers. Simultaneously, the interest in inclusive peace processes, and particularly civ
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque deposition, tau pathology, and neuroinflammation, with genetic variants in the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene representing the strongest risk factor for late-onset AD. Microglia, the brain’s resident immune cells, are increasingly recognized as central to disease progression through their roles in neuroinflammation and Aβ clearance.
This thesis investigates the role of politeness in human-robot interaction and its effect on comfortability, social perception and collaboration. The study utilizes the humanoid robot Epi, which provides step-by-step instructions for two Lego-building tasks. Politeness was manipulated in the tasks so that the participants one time interacted with Epi while Epi used polite communication towards the
This study investigated the associations between acculturation orientation and perceived social support on mental health outcomes specifically anxiety and depression among international students in Sweden. Grounded in acculturation theory, the research aimed to assess whether different acculturation orientations (assimilation, integration, separation, marginalization) significantly associate with
Valencia has faced persistent flooding challenges, intensified by climate change and extreme weather events. The artificial Turia River channel, constructed after the catastrophic 1957 flood, has become increasingly inadequate. In 2024, intense rainfall overwhelmed the system again, especially in the La Torre district, exposing critical gaps in the city’s flood resilience. This project focuses on
Water scarcity is an increasing global challenge, driven by growing population, economic development, agriculture, and climate variability. Reusing greywater offers a sustainable alternative water source for non-potable applications, reducing the demand for freshwater. Proper treatment is essential to ensure safety and prevent environmental pollution. Biological treatment, utilizing microorganisms
This thesis investigates the changing debate over legitimacy in digital platform governance using the well-publicized case of Elon Musk's acquisition of Twitter (rebranded as X) and the European Union's reaction via the Digital Services Act (DSA), public statements and enforcement efforts. The question of who rules digital platforms, and how, has become critical as they progressively impac
This research explores the emerging concept of care infrastructure in the urban periphery of Mexico City, specifically in Iztapalapa, through the lens of urban social sustainability. Based on over 35 semistructured interviews and participant observation, the study analyzes how access to services such as public laundries, take-away food services, and communal spaces contributes to the well-being of
The digitalisation of the economy has fundamentally challenged the application of the European Union’s (EU) value added taxation (VAT) law, regarding the classification of transactions involving multiple elements. Digital platforms frequently combine content delivery, payment processing, platform access and intermediation into integrated offerings, making it difficult to determine whether a transa
This thesis examines whether memorisation in Generative AI models, particularly large language models, can constitute an infringement of the reproduction right under EU copyright law. It focuses on situations where protected expression is not only used as training data or reproduced in outputs, but may also be retained within a trained model itself. The thesis adopts a doctrinal legal method, sup
Women’s access to essential medicines is restricted by intersecting barriers such as economic dependence, reproductive health stigma, information gaps, and pharmaceutical R&D priorities that overlook their needs. Access to medicines is simultaneously shaped by international intellectual property law, particularly patent protection under the TRIPS Agreement, which has been criticised for restri
In post-conflict societies, transitional justice processes must navigate the tension between victimhood and perpetratorhood in relation to child soldiers. This study examines how the Sierra Leone Truth and Reconciliation Commission constructs and negotiates this relationship in its representations of child soldiers. One chapter of the Commission’s Final Report is analyzed through three dimensions
In the digital age, health information is no longer limited to authorities or institutions, but circulates across actors and media channels. This thesis explores the collective promotion and communication of the carnivore diet online. Through a qualitative content analysis and digital ethnography of posts and comments on Instagram and Reddit, it examines the construction and legitimisation of heal
This study investigates the effects of overfishing and sea-surface temperature changes on the distribution of Orcinus Orca in the North-east Atlantic and aims to evaluate which factors contribute the most to these shifts in orca presence. As apex predators, killer whales can have a great impact on ecosystems and food webs, and a migration to polar ecosystems could have big impacts on arctic system
During Chávez’s presidency (1999-2013), Venezuela experienced an increase in lethal violence, becoming one of the most violent countries in the world. In contrast, Ecuador saw a significant decline in homicide rates during the presidency of Correa (2007-2017). This thesis examines why two countries with similar conditions such as oil dependency, socialist governments and geographical locations, ex
In recent years, the Chinese city of Dali has been intensely romanticised on digital platforms such as Rednote (Xiaohongshu) as a flawless sanctuary of slow living. This digital utopification emerges as a collective response to systemic urban hypercompetition and burnout. Rather than verifying the empirical truth of this destination image, this thesis investigates what utopification actively achie
Snow flies ( Chionea ) are wingless crane flies uniquely adapted to extreme cold environments. Adults remain active throughout winter and move rapidly across the snow, even at temperatures below freezing. To investigate the molecular adaptations that make this possible, we sequenced and annotated the genome of Chionea alexandriana and compared it with related species and with the cold-adapted midg
This study examines landslide occurrence and post‑landslide recovery dynamics in Nyungwe Forest Reserve, Rwanda, using a combination of multi‑temporal landslide mapping, environmental and geomorphological predictor analysis, and an assessment of the Tropical Moist Forest (TMF) product. A landslide inventory covering the period from 2000 to 2024 was produced using high‑resolution optical imagery. T
