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For years tools and techniques such as Brainstorming, Mind-Maps and Rich Pictures have been used in both academic and professional practices to assist people with making sense of complex problem spaces. These tools have their supporters and in many cases their uses can be argued to be interchangeable. Seldom however have they been systematically applied in combination in theory or practice. Even t

The complement system plays an important role in eliminating invading pathogens. Activation of complement results in C3b deposition (opsonization), phagocytosis, anaphylatoxin (C3a, C5a) release, and consequently cell lysis. Moraxella catarrhalis is a human respiratory pathogen commonly found in children with otitis media and in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The species has ev

The transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta superfamily of growth factors, including the TGF-betas, activins, and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), provide cells with a broad spectrum of regulatory signals through the intracellular Smad pathway. Since loss-of-function studies of a majority of the TGF-beta superfamily members result in embryonic lethality, much of our current knowledge of the TGF-b

When Harry Sawyerr wrote his essay "What is African Theology?", published first in African Theological Journal, vol. 4 (1971), it appeared from its contents that he was making short comments about James Cone's Black theology that could have disappeared in the midst of more pressing African theological issues. Sawyerr's article was not primarily intended as a critique of Cone's Black theology; inst

The work presented in this thesis has been focused on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In the two first studies, the effects of MSCs on tumor growth and development in vitro and in vivo was investigated. In the third study the expression of the integrins alpha10beta1 and alpha11beta1 on MSCs was characterized and the involvement of these two integrins in cartilage development was investigated in vit

In type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM), the frequency of antibodies against insulin (IAA), glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65), ICA512/IA2 (IA2), and islet cell antigens (ICA) vary with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) composition of the patient. IAA, IA2 autoantibodies, and ICA are increased in DQ8 positives; GAD65 antibodies are increased in DQ2 positives. MHC class I chain-related gene-A (MICA) is

Popular Abstract in Swedish Många tolkningar och användningsområden har av olika forskare föreslagits för det gammaltestamentliga offret shelamin. Detta offer hade också en oklar plats i den israelitiska kulturen. Avsaknaden av konsensus och misslyckandet med att nå fram till en tillfredsställande lösning på gåtan gör shelamim till ett intressant offer att undersöka med hjälp av modern ritualforskFor the sacrifice shelamim in the Hebrew Bible, scholars have suggested a number of different interpretations and uses. This sacrifice also had an ambiguous role in Israelite culture. Lack of a general consensus and the failure to reach a satisfying solution makes the shelamim a puzzle and an interesting sacrifice to investigate with insights gained from modern ritual studies. In this study, it i

The expression of TLRs on epithelial cells provides a first line of defense against invading pathogens. We investigated the regulated expression and function of TLR5 and TLR9 on human keratinocytes, because we found by immunohistochemistry that these TLRs are expressed in distinct layers of the epidermis. We found that TGF-alpha, a growth and differentiation factor that is present during wound hea

The great decline in mortality has had a vital impact on our societies. Life expectancy has more than doubled in the past 200 years, but no acceptable explanation has yet been given for the earlier part of the decline in mortality, even though it has attracted a very broad interdisciplinary interest. When carefully examined, many of the stated explanations, such as better hygiene, more food, and i

Popular Abstract in Swedish Sophia Elisabeth Brenner (1659-1730) var Sveriges första stora kvinnliga poet. Hon var verksam som författare och lärd kvinna under femtio år, och var dessutom en flitig brevskrivare. Avhandlingen baseras på en inventering av bevarade brev till och från Sophia Brenner skrivna på latin, svenska, franska och italienska. Hennes nylatinska korrespondens med danske Otto SpeSophia Elisabeth Brenner (1659-1730) was Sweden's first great female poet, writing and publishing her poems over a period of fifty years. She was also, however, a prolific letter writer. The dissertation is based on an inventory of all the preserved letters to and from her written in Latin, Swedish, French and Italian. Her Neo-Latin correspondence with the Dane Otto Sperling the Younger is presen

The microarray technology has revolutionized biological research in the last decade. By monitoring the expression of many genes simultaneously, microarrays can elucidate gene function, as well as scan entire genomes for candidate genes encoding complex traits. However, because of high costs of sequencing and design, microarrays have largely been restricted to a few model species. Cross-species mic

This paper introduces a new class of algebras naturally containing, within a single framework, various deformations of the Witt, Virasoro and other Lie algebras based on twisted and deformed derivations, in addition to color Lie algebras and Lie superalgebras.

We present here a genome-wide map of abnormalities found in diagnostic samples from 45 adults and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). A 500K SNP array analysis uncovered frequent genetic abnormalities, with cryptic deletions constituting half of the detected changes, implying that microdeletions are a characteristic feature of this malignancy. Importantly, the pattern of deletions

We present a mass spectrometry-based method for the identification and quantification of membrane proteins using the low-specificity protease Proteinase K, at very high pH, to digest proteins isolated by a modified SDS-PAGE protocol. The resulting peptides are modified with a fragmentation-directing isotope labeled tag. We apply the method to quantify differences in membrane protein expression of

Abstract Background: Current prognostic molecular markers for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) are insufficient. The aim of the current study was to investigate the role of Sox11 in EOC Methods: Using an in silico transcriptomic screen Sox11 was identified as a potential EOC biomarker. Sox11 protein expression was evaluated using immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 76 EOC cases, which were analyzed using

This paper describes new methods for fast correlation attacks, based on the theory of convolutional codes. They can be applied to arbitrary LFSR feedback polynomials, in opposite to the previous methods, which mainly focus on feedback polynomials of low weight. The results improve significantly the few previous results for this general case, and are in many cases comparable with corresponding resu

The future for diabetes is grave. Now described as the global epidemic of the 21st century, the increasing incidence of diabetes (in 2007 over 246 million people affected by diabetes) will place considerable strain on resources and will bring suffering to many if the preventative measures promoted by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot

Primary Sjogren's syndrome (SS) shares many features with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Here we investigated the association of the three major polymorphisms in IRF5 and STAT4 found to be associated with SLE, in patients from Sweden and Norway with primary SS. These polymorphisms are a 5-bp CGGGG indel in the promoter of IRF5, the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs10488631 downstream of

Background The definition and role of bulky disease in young patients (ie, aged 18-60 years) with good-prognosis diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), who have been treated with CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone)-like chemotherapy with or without rituximab, remain controversial. We aimed to assess the effect of maximum tumour diameter (MTD) in these patients. Meth